This book illuminates the lived experience of a group of primary school children engaged in virtual world play during a year-long after-school club. Shaped by post-structuralist theory and New Literacy Studies, it outlines a playful, participatory and emergent methodological approach, referred to as ‘rhizomic ethnography’. This ‘hybrid’ text uses both words and images to describe the fieldsite and the methodology, demonstrating how children’s creation of a digital community through Minecraft was shaped by the both the game and their wider social and cultural experiences. Through the exploration of various dimensions of the club, including visual and soundscape data, the author demonstrates the ‘emergent dimension of play’. It will be of interest and value to researchers of children’s play, as well as those who explore visual methods and design multimodal research outputs.

Most of the chapters in this book are extended papers from Research Learning in Virtual Environments (reLIVE08), an international conference held by the UK Open University in Milton Keynes in November 2008. Authors of the best papers and presentations from the conferences were invited to contribute to Research Learning in Virtual Worlds, the first book to specifically address research methods and related issues for education in virtual worlds. The book covers a range of research undertaken in virtual worlds. It opens with an accessible introduction both to the book and to the subject area, making it an ideal springboard for those who are new to research in this area. The subsequent ten chapters present work covering a range of research methodologies across a broad discipline base, providing essential reading for advanced undergraduate or postgraduate researchers working in education in virtual worlds, and engaging background material for researchers in similar and related disciplines.

The need for time, flexibility, and agility in research within out-of-school learning is highlighted throughout this multi-disciplinary edited volume, as each author reflects on how to make sense of the unknown and varied contexts in which out-of-school learning takes place.

This volume presents a wide range of methodological strategies that are designed to take into account the complex, emergent, and continually shifting character of virtual worlds. It interrogates how virtual worlds emerge as objects of study through the development and application of various methodological strategies. Virtual worlds are not considered objects that exist as entities with fixed attributes independent of our continuous engagement with them and interpretation of them. Instead, they are conceived of as complex ensembles of technology, humans, symbols, discourses, and economic structures, ensembles that emerge in ongoing practices and specific situations. A broad spectrum of perspectives and methodologies is presented: Actor-Network-Theory and post-Actor-Network-Theory, performativity theory, ethnography, discourse analysis, Sense-Making Methodology, visual ethnography, multi-sited ethnography, and Social Network Analysis.

While online courses are said to be beneficial and many reputable brick and mortar higher education institutions are now offering undergraduate and graduate programs online, there is still ongoing debate on issues related to credibility and acceptability. There is some reluctance to teach online and to admit and hire students who have enrolled in online programs. Given these concerns, it is essential that educators in online communities continue to share the significant learning experiences and outcomes that occur in online classrooms and highlight pedagogical practices used by online instructors to make their courses and programs comparable to those offered face-to-face. The Handbook of Research on Creating Meaningful Experiences in Online Courses is a comprehensive research book that examines the quality of courses in higher education that are offered exclusively online and details strategies and practices used by online instructors to create meaningful teaching and learning experiences in online courses. Featuring a range of topics such as gamification, professional development, and learning outcomes, this book is ideal for academicians, researchers, educators, administrators, instructional designers, curriculum developers, higher education faculty, and students.

Qualitative approaches to pedagogical engineering offer a nuanced understanding of educational design by focusing on the dynamics of teaching and learning processes. Qualitative approaches explore the lived experiences, perceptions, and interactions of educators and learners, examining how educational technologies, instructional strategies, and curriculum designs impact real-world classroom environments. By exploring factors such as teacher-student relationships, classroom culture, and the application of pedagogical theories, qualitative research in pedagogical engineering helps enhance educational practices. Further exploration into pedagogical engineering may help create meaningful responses to the needs of diverse learning communities. Qualitative Approaches to Pedagogical Engineering explores perspectives in pedagogical engineering, emphasizing qualitative approaches. It examines how qualitative research methods can enhance the design and implementation of educational technologies at the intersection of education and technology. This book covers topics such as blended learning, iterative design, and higher education, and is a useful resource for education professionals, teachers, academicians, administrators, scientists, and researchers.

The Routledge Handbook of Literary Geographies provides a comprehensive overview of recent research and a range of innovative ways of thinking literature and geography together. It maps the history of literary geography and identifies key developments and debates in the field. Written by leading and emerging scholars from around the world, the 38 chapters are organised into six themed sections, which consider: differing critical methodologies; keywords and concepts; literary geography in the light of literary history; a variety of places, spaces, and landforms; the significance of literary forms and genres; and the role of literary geographies beyond the academy. Presenting the work of scholars from different disciplinary backgrounds, each section offers readers new angles from which to view the convergence of literary creativity and geographical thought. Collectively, the contributors also address some of the major issues of our time including the climate emergency, movement and migration, and the politics of place. Literary geography is a dynamic interdisciplinary field dedicated to exploring the complex relationships between geography and literature. This cutting-edge collection will be an essential resource for undergraduate and postgraduate students in both Geography and Literary Studies, and scholars interested in the evolving interface between the two disciplines.

This book is the publication of my PhD dissertation and is written in the corresponding style. The included research provides explorations and investigative reflections on Rollenwahrnehmung (a newly coined phrase meaning role perception/fulfillment), Perspective and Space through Virtual Reality (VR) game interfaces. A number of important topics will be addressed, like the creation of new experiences in the context of VR, the extension and new development of various interaction paradigms, various User Experience (UX) aspects and user guidance in a sophisticated new medium. Placed in the field of design practice, this research focuses on the creation of digital gaming artifacts, while extrapolating insights and guidelines concerning VR interfaces. Hence, this practice-based research is derived from a portfolio of specifically developed interactive artifacts, following the methodological approach of Constructive Design Research. These include the VR related games Nicely Dicely, LizzE - And the Light of Dreams and Gooze. They were used for various Lab experiments and Showroom presentations, while continually being refined throughout an iterative process. Nicely Dicely is an abstract game based on physics. In Local Multiplayer, up to four players are able to compete or collaborate. It is not a VR game per se, but features both, Monoscopic and 3D Stereoscopic Vision modes, which were tested in an experiment on their effect on Player Immersion. LizzE - And the Light of Dreams is a Singleplayer 3rd Person Hack and Slay game based in a fantasy universe. In an experiment, the game was used to primarily investigate in which ways 3rd Person VR games can work for a broad audience, regarding camera behavior. Gooze is a 1st Person VR puzzle game, taking place in a realistic horror environment with supernatural aspects. It was designed with diverse VR interaction technologies in mind and offers users different options to play the game, depending on available hardware and preferences. The Locomotion and Virtual Object Interaction mechanics were tested in an experiment regarding their UX. In summary, this book illustrates various game, interface and VR designs, informing the emerging field of VR game development of the relationship between UX, interfaces and gameplay. Furthermore, guidelines for designing and developing specific aspects of VR games were identified and each single artifact can be used as a design and development precedent for practice and academia.

As fast-evolving technologies transform everyday communication and literacy practices, many young children find themselves immersed in multiple digital media from birth. Such rapid technological change has consequences for the development of early literacy, and the ways in which parents and educators are able to equip today’s young citizens for a digital future. This seminal Handbook fulfils an urgent need to consider how digital technologies are impacting the lives and learning of young children; and how childhood experiences of using digital resources can serve as the foundation for present and future development. Considering children aged 0–8 years, chapters explore the diversity of young children’s literacy skills, practices and expertise across digital tools, technologies and media, in varied contexts, settings and countries. The Handbook explores six significant areas: Part I presents an overview of research into young children’s digital literacy practices, touching on a range of theoretical, methodological and ethical approaches. Part II considers young children’s reading, writing and meaning-making when using digital media at home and in the wider community. Part III offers an overview of key challenges for early childhood education presented by digital literacy, and discusses political positioning and curricula. Part IV focuses on the multimodal and multi-sensory textual landscape of contemporary literary practices, and how children learn to read and write with and across media. Part V considers how digital technologies both influence and are influenced by children’s online and offline social relationships. Part VI draws together themes from across the Handbook, to propose an agenda for future research into digital literacies in early childhood. A timely resource identifying and exploring pedagogies designed to bolster young children’s digital and multimodal literacy practices, this key text will be of interest to early childhood educators, researchers and policy-makers.

This book demystifies designing and conducting qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods research with scientific rigor. Social Research Methods, benefits researchers from theology and religious studies in designing interdisciplinary research and interacting with social sciences and other disciplines to study contextually relevant issues by focusing on lived religion, lived theology, lived experience, and real-world problems. Joshua Iyadurai skillfully guides researchers with a step-by-step guide on the practical nuances of choosing a topic, engaging literature, selecting a paradigm, collecting and analyzing data, interpreting the findings, and writing a research proposal and a dissertation/thesis/article for qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods research. A separate chapter on supervising and examining social research helps students and professors to understand each other’s role in field-based studies. Social Research Methods is an indispensable resource for researchers from theology and religious studies and a valuable practical guide for researchers from social sciences and humanities. Why Read this Book? · Instills confidence in researchers to design and conduct qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods research with scientific rigor. · The first of its kind to introduce qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods strategies with guidance for choosing a topic and collecting and analyzing data for theology and religious research. · Up to date and authoritative by arraying current and leading methodology texts with examples for researching lived experiences, lived religion, and lived theology. · A step-by-step guide for writing every section of a research proposal and for writing each chapter for qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods dissertation/thesis, which will make the research journey pleasant for students. · Provides tips for writing DMin dissertation and journal article. · Offers guidelines for supervisors and examiners for assisting and assessing student projects. · Review Questions and Further Help at the end of each chapter; Glossary and Index, which are among other helpful resources for researchers. · An invaluable resource for students and professors from social sciences, education, development, management, and the humanities, besides theology and religious studies. · A practical guide for researchers from churches, religious bodies, NGOs, and others. Review Quotes: “Compared to other approaches to theology and religious studies, missiology has the propensity to use social science methods. This clearly written introduction to complex terrain will enable students to navigate it and develop tools for their own project, and students are more likely to recognize their research interests in its examples. Especially useful features include the glossary and the section on student supervisors/mentors and examiners. This volume is authoritative and cognisant of other leading texts.” KIRSTEEN KIM, Pierson Professor of World Christianity, Fuller Theological Seminary, co-editor of The Oxford Handbook of Mission Studies “This textbook fills an important niche for postgraduate researchers embarking on empirical research in Practical Theology or Religious Studies. Those who have little or no background in the social sciences will find this a clear and well-structured introduction on how to conceive a research project and what methods are available to answer their research questions. Reading this before they embark on their journey could save a lot of problems further down the road.” ANDREW VILLAGE, Professor of Practical and Empirical Theology, York St John University, author of The Church of England in the First Decade of the 21st Century “Here is a fascinating and engaging handbook every researcher in theology and religious studies should read and assimilate. It fulfils a felt need by pooling the wealth of sociological methodologies and applying them to the scientific study of lived religion. The author has done a unique service, and his work will remain a point of reference for years.” FELIX WILFRED, Founder and Director of Asian Centre for Cross Cultural Studies, Chennai, editor of The Oxford Handbook of Christianity in Asia It is very good to see the use of social science methods being developed to aid religious studies and theological research. My hope is that this very practical book, using such up-to-date resources as Alan Bryman’s Social Research Methods (OUP) now in its fifth edition, will help to develop this important form of study further. ROBIN GILL, Emeritus Professor of Applied Theology, University of Kent, author of the trilogy on Sociological Theology “This volume fills an important gap in the field by bringing social scientific methods into theology and religious studies. All parties in this conversation have much to gain from a sustained dialogue, and this book moves us in that direction.” JOHN BARTKOWSKI, Professor - Sociology, University of Texas at San Antonio “This is a valuable resource written in a way that theological students will understand, and supervisors will appreciate! It takes the student “by the hand” from the formulation of the research topic through methodological positioning and choices and closes with a chapter on supervision expectations. I look forward to prescribing it to my own postgraduate students.” NADINE BOWERS DU TOIT, Professor - Theology and Development, University of Stellenbosch, editor of Race, Faith and Inequality amongst Young Adults in South Africa: “The highly readable, yet exhaustive and authoritative text covers all aspects of the variety of methods available to contemporary scientists who either produce or evaluate empirical research. The text is intended for students and scholars of theology and religious studies, but anyone interested in how religion is practiced in different cultural contexts and want to understand individual lived experiences and interpretations will find this text an invaluable guide.” RALPH W. HOOD Jr., Professor of Psychology, University of Tennessee, co-editor of Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion series "Upon launching out on research, students and scholars are always on the lookout for good books on research methodology. In Dr Iyadurai’s book, they will find an excellent manual spanning the length and breadth of what they are looking for. I strongly recommend this book to all those engaged in research." FRANCIS GONSALVES SJ, President, Jnana Deepa: Pontifical Athenaeum of Philosophy & Theology, author of God of Our Soil: Towards Subaltern Trinitarian Theology Joshua Iyadurai has been teaching research methods to PhD students in Christian Studies for over a decade. He is an expert facilitator in this hybrid field, helping both theology and religious studies students use social research methods more rigorously and effectively. This book will be immensely helpful to anyone wanting to do research in the field of religion, as well as to those in classes focused on research methods. I highly recommend it. ROBERT K. JOHNSTON, Professor of Theology and Culture, Fuller Theological Seminary, co-author of Deep Focus: Film and Theology in Dialogue "Social Research Methods for Students and Scholars of Theology and Religious Studies is a masterpiece that draws from Joshua's experience of teaching social research for two decades. The book aims to catalyze theological scholarship using social research methods with scientific precision. Scholars, educators, and graduate students will find this text a welcome resource. I highly recommend it!" DAVID TARUS, Executive Director, Association for Christian Theological Education in Africa (ACTEA), author of A Different Way of Being