Winner of the 2013 Claire P. Holdredge Awardee for Remediation of Former Manufactured Gas Plants and Other Coal-Tar Sites. This award, first established in 1962 by the Association of Environmental and Engineering Geologists, is named in honor of Claire P. Holdredge, a founding member and the first President of the Association. The award is presented for a publication by an AEG Member(s) within the 5 previous years that is adjudged to be an outstanding contribution to the Engineering Geology profession. Remediation of Former Manufactured Gas Plants and Other Coal-Tar Sites is geared toward environmental professionals who want to design and implement gasworks remediation strategies that offer the greatest chance to successfully protect the public. Exploring the bases for selecting remedial alternatives to adequately address today’s environmental wounds, this compendium of essential knowledge combines historic and modern scientific data and technology with common sense and empirical lore passed down from past generations of gas professionals, a group that is now all but extinct. Most of the general population does not have a sufficient understanding of remediation needs. Unfortunately, there seems to be a similar lack of knowledge among some environmental professionals whose job it is to protect the public from the health threats associated with coal tar. Pitfalls in remediation are common and represent a significant risk to the public, especially when processes are based on inaccurate assumptions. This book sifts through the existing scholarship from around the developed world to present the necessary evaluation factors used in effective remediation. Almost encyclopedic in scope, it offers 265 separate tables with checklists, hard data facts, and associations to help readers define site-specific gas plant conditions. It also includes a plethora of photographs and historic drawings, as well as an extensive glossary that is indispensible for understanding potential and actual gas plant contamination. Useful for engineers, scientists, regulators, public officials, historians, and journalists among others, this book is intended for those who conduct remediation, as well as those involved in review and oversight. Its goal is to bring users closer to safely reclaiming land and reviving old coal gasworks sites in ways that ultimately will be sustainable for the public interest.

The assessment, remediation, and redevelopment of manufactured gas plant (MGP) sites pose a significant technical and financial challenge to successor property owners, including municipalities and other public entities undertaking brownfields revitalization, and to their consulting environmental engineers. Due to the toxicity of many coal tar constituents, sites contaminated as a result of gasworks operations pose a significant threat to public health. This book will discuss the history of the manufactured gas industry in Massachusetts (the largest in the US), as well as the toxicity of gasworks waste products, technical challenges in the cleanup process, and the process for site cleanups.

The purpose of this thesis was to review effective technologies for eliminating contamination associated with manufactured gas plant sites by using in situ remediation. Another aim was to speculate an adaptive reuse of the site through revelatory design such that it unfolds the history of manufactured gas plants as they existed in 1800s to mid 1900s and also to educate the public about the remediation processes implemented on the site. The thesis argues that excavation 0́3 transportation 0́3 land filling is not an environmentally sound approach to site remediation but is only a temporary solution. Steps involved studying the timeline and site dynamics to understand the production processes and transformation of the site over nearly 8 decades of operation. Studying locations of each component of the gas plant and comparing them with current areas of contamination helped to draw parallels about the probable sources and structures causing contamination and health concerns. Horizontal and vertical mapping of toxic compounds clarified the extent of below ground contamination and migration over the years. In situ remediation technologies were chosen based on nature and extent of contamination on the site. The techniques chosen were robust and capable of handling deep below ground contamination. Cost and temporal analysis were used to compare a range of techniques for their cost effectiveness and site clean up duration. Speculative projections for the site were based on remediation needs and shaped the conceptual site design. Possibilities of cultivating history and memory as part of the cleanup process were also tested with one scenario. Revelatory designs were proposed to function only for the time the remediation process was active or only a limited time after clean up. The last part of the thesis addressed social concerns associated with exposure to contaminants during clean up. In addition, to give the site a regional context, it is proposed that since the site0́9s location offered a unique advantage of connectivity to other towns, it could be part of a future recreation corridor. The study also has the potential to serve as a brownfield remediation and redevelopment primer for the 67 other manufacturing gas plant sites in the state of Illinois.

From the early 19th century to the mid 20th century, manufactured gas plants (MPGs) generated coal tar as a by-product of manufactured gas. Often, when these sites were abandoned, coal tar remained in the structures, including the tar separator, tar wells, and gas holders. Such areas are often targeted for source removal actions, because over the decades during operation and since decommissioning, the coal tar has in many cases migrated from its original locations to deeper and more widespread areas of contamination, while maintaining its properties as a dense non-aqueous phase liquid. Remedial actions at MGP sites typically focus on ex situ remediation of coal tar residues in soil and groundwater.

This is the final work plan for the removal and disposal of coal tar impacted soil that exists along the west side of Washington St., between W. Court and Cascadilla Streets in the city of Ithaca, New York. This area was contaminated by the subsurface wooden ducts on W. Court St. that transported coal tar from the Court Street Former Manufactured Gas Plant Site. The work plan describes the techniques to be utilized for the sampling, community air monitoring, excavation, material handling, waste characterization, transportation and disposal of coal tar impacted soil and materials.

This document describes the draft work plan for the removal and disposal of coal tar impacted soil that exists along the west side of Washington Street, between W. Court and Cascadilla Streets in the City of Ithaca, New York. This area was contaminated by the subsurface wooden ducts on W. Court St. that transported coal tar from the Court Street former manufactured gas plant site to tar wells located at the Cayuga Inlet coal tar transfer site. The Work Plan describes the techniques to be utilized for the sampling, community air monitoring, excavation, material handling, waste characterization, transportation and disposal of coal tar impacted soil and materials.

The work performed in this study is Task 015, 'In Situ Treatment of Manufactured Gas Plant Contaminated Soils Demonstration Program' of U.S. Department of Energy cooperative agreement DE-FC21-93MC30127. The contained recovery of oily waste (CROW(TM)) process removes organic contaminants from the subsurface by adaptation of secondary and heavy oil recovery technology. The technology was successfully tested in the laboratory as part of a project for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) SITE Program's Emerging Technology Program. The EPA advanced the CROW process to the SITE Demonstration Program based on the laboratory performance. Additional development of the process has included a pilot test at an active wood treatment facility. The purpose of this project is to demonstrate and evaluate the effectiveness of the CROW process for remediation of a site contaminated primarily with a dense organic fluid. The site selected for this demonstration project was a former manufactured gas plant (MGP) site located in Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania.

"This second edition of Remediation Engineering will continue to be the seminal handbook that regulators must have on-hand to address any of the remediation issues they are grappling with daily. The book is wide-ranging, but specific enough to address any environmental remediation challenge." —Patricia Reyes, Interstate Technology Regulatory Council, Washington, DC, USA "This book offers the researcher, teacher, practitioner, student, and regulator with state-of-the-art advances in conducting site investigations and remediation for common and emerging contaminants. It is revolutionary in its approach to conducting subsurface investigation, which greatly influences a successful and appropriate response in assessing and addressing environmental risk. This book is a giant leap forward in understanding how contaminates behave and how to reduce risk to acceptable levels in the natural world." —Daniel T. Rogers, Amsted Industries Incorporated, Chicago, Illinois, USA "This text is a superb reference and a good tool for learning about state-of-the-art techniques in remediation of soil and groundwater. [It] will become a ready reference at many companies as the engineering community creates increased value from remediation efforts around the world." —John Waites, AVX Corporation, Fountain Inn, South Carolina, USA Remediation Engineering was first published in 1996 and quickly became the go-to reference for a relatively young industry, offering the first comprehensive look at the state-of-the-science in treatment technologies of the time and the contaminants they applied to. This fully updated Second Edition will capture the fundamental advancements that have taken place during the last two decades within all the subdisciplines that form the foundation of the remediation engineering platform. It covers the entire spectrum of current technologies that are employed in the industry and also discusses future trends and how practitioners should anticipate and adapt to those needs. Features: Shares the latest paradigms in remediation design approach and contaminant hydrogeology Presents the landscape of new and emerging contaminants Details the current state of the practice for both conventional technologies, such as sparging and venting Examines newer technologies such as dynamic groundwater recirculation and injection-based remedies to address both organic and inorganic contaminants. Describes the advances in site characterization concepts such as smart investigations and digital conceptual site models. Includes all-new color photographs and figures.