Synopsis Shi’ism by :
55. Ann K S Lambton, ?Quis custodiet custodes: some reflections on the Persian theory of government? in Studia Islamica, Vol. 6 (1956), pp. 125-46. 56. Imam Khomeini, ?Program for the establishment of an Islamic government? in Hamid Algar (Transl.), Islam and revolution: writings and declarations of Imam Khomeini (Berkeley: Mizan Press, 1981), pp. 126-49 and 163-66. 57. Norman Calder, ?Accommodation and revolution in Imami Shi?i jurisprudence: Khumayni and the classical tradition? in Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 18 (1982), pp. 3-20. 58. Farhad Kazemi, ?The Fada?iyan-e Islam: fanaticism, politics and terror? in Said Amir Arjomand (Ed.), From Nationalism to Revolutionary Islam (London: Macmillan Press, 1984), pp. 158-76. 59. Shahrough Akhavi, ?Islam, politics and society in the thought of Ayatullah Khomeini, Ayatullah Taliqani and Ali Shariati? in Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 24 (1988), pp. 404-31. 60. J G J ter Haar, ?Murtaz? Mutahhar? (1919-1979): an introduction to his life and thought? in Persica, Vol. 14 (1990-1992), pp. 1-21. 61. Vanessa Martin, ?Religion and state in Khumain??s Kashf al-asr?r? in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, Vol. 56, No. 1 (1993), pp. 34-45 62. Said Amir Arjomand, ?Shi?ite jurisprudence and constitution making in the Islamic Republic of Iran? in Martin E Marty and R Scott Appleby, Fundamentalisms and the State (Chicago: the University of Chicago Press, 1993), pp. 88-109. 63. Shahla Haeri, ?Obedience versus autonomy: women and fundamentalism in Pakistan and Iran? in Martin E Marty and R Scott Appleby, Fundamentalisms and Society (Chicago: the University of Chicago Press, 1993), pp. 181-213. 64. T M Aziz, ?The role of Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr in Shi?i political activism in Iraq from 1958 to 1980? in International Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 25 (1993), pp. 207-22. 65. Ahmad Kazemi Moussavi, ?The institutionalization of marja?-i taql?d in the nineteenth century Sh??ite community? in The Muslim World, Vol. 83 (1994), pp. 279-99. 66. Shahrough Akhavi, ?Contending discourses in Shi?i law on the doctrine of wil?yat al faq?h? in Iranian Studies, Vol. 29 (1996), pp. 229-68. 67. Sylwia Surdykowska, ?The spiritual aspect of jihad and Khomeini?s doctrine? in Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia, No. 13 (2000), pp. 75-84. 68. Evan Siegel, ?The politics of Shah?d-e J?w?d? in Rainer Brunner & Werner Ende (Eds.), The Twelver Shia in modern times: religious culture & political history (Boston: Brill, 2001), pp. 150-77. 69. Mortaza Motahhari, ?The fundamental problem in the clerical establishment? in Linda S. Walbridge, The Most Learned of the Shi?a (Oxford University Press, 2001), pp. 161-82. 70. Roswitha Badry, ?Marja?iyya and sh?r?? in Rainer Brunner & Werner Ende (Eds.), The Twelver Shia in modern times: religious culture & political history (Boston: Brill, 2001), pp. 188-207. 71. Talib Aziz, ?Fadlallah and the remaking of the marja?iya? in Linda S. Walbridge, The Most Learned of the Shi?a (Oxford University Press, 2001), pp. 205-15. 72. Charles Kurzman, ?Critics within: Islamic scholars? protests against the Islamic state in Iran? in International Journal of Politics, Culture and Society, Vol. 15, No. 2 (2001), pp. 341-59. 73. Juan Cole, ?Shaykh Ahmad al-Ahsa?i on the sources of religious authority? in Linda S. Walbridge, The Most Learned of the Shi?a (Oxford University Press, 2001), pp. 82-93. 74. Mahmoud Sadri, ?Sacral defense of secularism: the political theologies of Soroush, Shabestari and Kadivar? in International Journal of Politics, Culture and Society, Vol. 15, No. 2 (2001), pp. 257-70. 75. Mona Harb & Reinoud Leenders, ?Know thy enemy: Hizbullah, ?terrorism? and the politics of perception? in Third World Quarterly, Vol. 26, No. 1 (2005), pp. 173-97.