Urban spaces throughout Europe are increasingly characterised by a mixture of different religions and worldviews. Being home to a wide range of religious and non-religious groups and individuals does not mean that cities are automatically also spaces of interreligious and interfaith encounters. Whether a city is a venue for interreligious encounter and dialogue, or merely a place where various religions and worldviews exist side by side, is a central question for the continuing social cohesion of modern societies. This volume presents selected findings of the international research project 'Religion and Dialogue in Modern Societies' (ReDi) which investigated dialogical practice in the five metropolitan cities Oslo, Stockholm, London, Hamburg and Duisburg. It offers a range of case studies addressing two fields of activity: dialogue and interreligious encounters in the urban space and dialogue in education.

Clearly, "God is changing in Europe": religious faiths and beliefs are increasingly making their presence felt in the public arena, at all levels. Because religions are more and more often behind the forging and assertion of multiple identities, the authorities have a duty to take the utmost account of them when establishing democratic rules and arrangements for "living together". Local authorities are ideally placed to lead this work, which requires creativity, imagination, a willingness to engage in dialogue and the opening of meeting places. Such an approach needs to go hand-in-hand with an analysis of this new state of affairs. It also calls for the sharing of experience. It is for this reason that the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of the Council of Europe has chosen this avenue and launched a debate, in which local political figures and university researchers have been closely involved. The fact that it is sizing up the issues thrown up by intercultural and interfaith dialogue and opting for an approach based on mutual knowledge means that it has chosen from the outset to break new ground. This is the key objective of this European contribution to democratic debate and to action by the authorities in the context of religious pluralism

Governing Religious Diversity in Cities provides original insights into the governance of religious diversity in urban contexts from a variety of theoretical perspectives, and drawing on a wide range of empirical examples in Europe and Canada. Religious diversity is increasingly present and visible in cities across the world. Drawing on a wide selection of cases in Europe and Canada, this volume examines how this diversity is governed. While focusing on the urban dimension of governance, the chapters do not examine cities in isolation but take into account the interconnections between urban contexts and other scales, both within and beyond the borders of the nation-state. The contributors discuss a variety of empirical examples, ranging from the controversies around the celebration of the International Yoga Day in Vancouver, the mosque not built in Munich, and the governance of Islam in cities in France, Germany, Italy, Quebec and Spain. Adopting a critical perspective, they shed light on the factors shaping different governance patterns, and on their implications for various religious groups. Ultimately, this book shows that governing religious diversity is not a matter of black and white. Contributing to a growing field of academic research that focuses on the governance of religion in urban contexts, and providing lines for future research, Governing Religious Diversity in Cities will be of great interest to scholars in the sociology of religion, religious studies and urban studies. The chapters were originally published as a special issue of Religion, State & Society.

A Spiritual City provides a broad examination of the meaning and importance of cities from a Christian perspective. Contains thought-provoking theological and spiritual reflections on city-making by a leading scholar Unites contemporary thinking about urban space and built environments with the latest in urban theology Addresses the long-standing anti-urban bias of Christianity and its emphasis on inwardness and pilgrimage Presents an important religious perspective on the potential of cities to create a strong human community and sense of sacred space

Religion as a powerful impulse in human existence plays a paradoxical role in society as it both contributes significantly in shaping the spiritual, socio-political and economic lives of millions of people and also acts as a source of conflict. The sad experience of interreligious conflict in Northern Nigeria challenges the claim of Islam and Christianity to be religions of peace. However, understood as closely intertwined with culture and custom of a people, religion can be central in the establishment of peace and conflict resolution in and between communities. This text using the model of dialogue (Nostra Aetate) explores and presents the socio-political and theological resources available in Northern Nigeria (the locality) for a consistent peace building process.

This book provides a conceptually and empirically rich introduction to religious indifference on the basis of original anthropological, historical and sociological research. Religious indifference is a central category for understanding contemporary societies, and a controversial one. For some scholars, a growing religious indifference indicates a dramatic decline in religiosity and epitomizes the endpoint of secularization processes. Others view it as an indicator of moral apathy and philosophical nihilism, whilst yet others see it as paving the way for new forms of political tolerance and solidarity. This volume describes and analyses the symbolic power of religious indifference and the conceptual contestations surrounding it. Detailed case studies cover anthropological and qualitative data from the UK, Germany, Estonia, the USA, Canada, and India analyse large quantitative data sets, and provide philosophical-literary inquiries into the phenomenon. They highlight how, for different actors and agendas, religious indifference can constitute an objective or a challenge. Pursuing a relational approach to non-religion, the book conceptualizes religious indifference in its interrelatedness with religion as well as more avowed forms of non-religion.

Religion within the urban environment has been debated for a few years now. The debate does not get easier, nor will it disappear overnight. There seems to be a few problems between these different structures and their systems within. Questions regarding certain religious institutions towards the society are notable to look at. Even the current topic on how to correlate the relationship between society and religion are note-worthy. These concerns create an opportunity for us to re-evaluate these relationships. Could there be a way to reconcile these relationships? What then can we discern from the perspectives of history, sociology and consumerism when given a description of what cities and religion proclaim to be and what it ought to be? Can we find a way to reconcile religion and our understanding of urban society? Should religion be re-envisiond to fit into a transformed urban society? This study suggests that the Apparatus theory can be of assistance when relating religion and the city. This study will in no way attempt to provide a detailed overview of these elements: city and religion. Rather, possibilities for areas of dialogue will be considered. Could religion be an Apparatus we need to consider in a society that has totally lost its barriers and means of dialogue in society? The Apparatus theory could be seen as the connection needed to understand all inter-dependant forms that the society builds on. Religion can either promote social cohesion and integration or religion can force social division. Religion has a role to play and a place to fill within the urban barriers. This study wants to emphasize that the characteristics of religion will change over time, but will never die out.