Increasing rice yields to keep pace with the growing population is the focus of this work. Factors controlling yield are discussed from the agronomic to the molecular level.

This book is a comprehensive volume dealing with climate change impacts on agriculture, and which can help guide the redesign of agricultural management and cropping systems. It includes mitigation techniques such as use of bioenergy crops, fertilizer and manure management, conservation tillage, crop rotations, cover crops and cropping intensity, irrigation, erosion control, management of drained wetlands, lime amendments, residue management, biochar and biotechnology. It also includes Management of GHG emissions Crop models as decision support tools QTL analysis Crop water productivity Impacts of drought on cereal crops Silvopastoral systems Changing climate impact on wheat-based cropping systems of South Asia Phosphorous dynamics under changing climate Role of bioinformatics The focus of the book is climate change mitigation to enhance sustainability in agriculture. We present various kinds of mitigation options, ways to minimize GHG emissions and better use of the latest techniques in conservation and environmental-sustainability.

"Life Is Bottled Sunshine" [Wynwood Reade, Martyrdom of Man, 1924]. This inspired phrase is a four-word summary of the significance of photosynthesis for life on earth. The study of photosynthesis has attracted the attention of a legion of biologists, biochemists, chemists and physicists for over 200 years. Discoveries in Photosynthesis presents a sweeping overview of the history of photosynthesis investigations, and detailed accounts of research progress in all aspects of the most complex bioenergetic process in living organisms. Conceived of as a way of summarizing the history of research advances in photosynthesis as of millennium 2000, the book evolved into a majestic and encyclopedic saga involving all of the basic sciences. The book contains 111 papers, authored by 132 scientists from 19 countries. It includes overviews; timelines; tributes; minireviews on excitation energy transfer, reaction centers, oxygen evolution, light-harvesting and pigment-protein complexes, electron transport and ATP synthesis, techniques and applications, biogenesis and membrane architecture, reductive and assimilatory processes, transport, regulation and adaptation, Genetics, and Evolution; laboratories and national perspectives; and retrospectives that end in a list of photosynthesis symposia, books and conferences. Informal and formal photographs of scientists make it a wonderful book to have. This book is meant not only for the researchers and graduate students, but also for advanced undergraduates in Plant Biology, Microbiology, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Biophysics and History of Science.

New directions in plant systems research are presented and discussed in this book. The book offers new insights in physiology and genetics of crop adaptation for wheat and maize, along with innovative approaches in architectural and physiology-based modelling of crop functioning. An outlook and dialogue on future directions in plant system research challenges readers with contrasting opinions on the way forward.

Section 1. Setting the scene. How the rice crop works and why it needs a new engine / J.E. Sheehy [und weitere]. The case for C[symbol] rice / P.L. Mitchell and J.E. Sheehy. Agricultural research, poverty alleviation, and key trends in Asia's rice economy / D. Dawe. Catching up with the literature for C[symbol] rice: what we know now and didn't then / P.L. Mitchell -- section 2. C[symbol] rice from theory to practice. C[symbol] photosynthesis: minor or major adjustments to a C[symbol] theme? / R.C. Leegood. C[symbol] photosynthesis and CO[symbol] diffusion / S. von Caemmerer [und weiteren]. Nuclear regulation of chloroplast development in C[symbol] and C[symbol] plants / J.A. Langdale [und weiteren]. Balancing light capture with distributed metabolic demand during C4 photosynthesis / J.R. Evans, T.C. Vogelmann, and S. von Caemmerer. Redesigning C[symbol] rice from limited C[symbol] photosynthesis / D.M. Jiao. Overexpression of C[symbol] pathway genes in the C[symbol] dicots potato, tobacco, and arabidopsis: experiences and future challenges / C. Peterhänsel, H.-J. Hirsch, and F. Kreuzaler. Molecular evolution of C[symbol] photosynthesis in the dicot genus flaveria: implications for the design of a C[symbol] plant / U. Gowik and P. Westhoff. Learning from nature to develop strategies for the directed evolution of C[symbol] rice / R. Sage and T.L. Sage. The regulation of genes in C[symbol] plants that have been co-opted into C[symbol] photosynthesis, and implications for making a C[symbol] rice / J.M. Hibberd -- section 3. Single-cell C[symbol] systems. C[symbol] rice: early endeavors and models tested / J. Burnell. Breaking the Kranz paradigm in terrestrial C[symbol] plants: does it hold promise for C[symbol] rice? / G.E. Edwards [und weiteren]. Hydrilla: retrofitting a C[symbol] leaf with a single-cell C[symbol] NADP-ME system / G. Bowes [und weiteren]. The ecology and evolution of single-cell C[symbol]-like photosynthesis in diatoms: relevance to C[symbol] rice / J.A. Raven [und weiteren] -- section 4. The background and how C[symbol] rice can be delivered. The promise of systems biology for deciphering the control of C[symbol] leaf development: transcriptome profiling of leaf cell types / T. Nelson [und weiteren]. Toward C[symbol] rice: learning from the acclimation of photosynthesis in the C[symbol] leaf / E.H. Murchie and P. Horton. Wild species of Oryza: a rich reservoir of genetic variability for rice improvement / D.S. Brar and J.M. Ramos. C[symbol] rice: a plant breeder's perspective / P.S. Virk and S. Peng. From allele engineering to phenotype / P. Hervé -- section 5. Setting up the consortium. C[symbol] rice: brainstorming from bioinformaticians / R. Bruskiewich and S. Wanchana. Surveying the possible pathways to C[symbol] rice / P.L. Mitchell and J.E. Sheehy

The yields of major crops, such as rice, have reached a plateau and are unlikely to meet the global demand for food, mostly in developing countries. Increasing rice photosynthesis has been identified as an approach to enhance rice yield. . In the present study, I used two different strategies to create a population of transgenic plants expressing different combination of genes aiming to increase the capacity of rice to fix carbon dioxide during photosynthesis and thus produce rice with enhanced biomass, which is an important trait related to grain yield. I created a population of transgenic rice plants expressing the glycolate catabolic pathway to investigate if this pathway might be able to increase the biomass of rice. In a series of alternative experiments I introduced a carbon concentrating mechanism (CCM) into rice. I conclude that the introduction of the glycolate catabolic bypass pathway or carbonic anhydrases into rice might be a useful approach to increase the yield of rice plants.