An important review on trauma for the general surgeon! Topics include spectrum of TBI from mild to severe, management of complex extremity injuries, long-range ICU transport, advanced technologies in trauma/CC management, non-compressible torso hemorrhage, trauma system configurations in other countries, graduate medical education in trauma/CC and acute care surgery, improving care in the trauma ICU, damage control surgery, massive transfusion and damage control resuscitation, burn/electrical/environmental injury resuscitation, pre-hospital management and tactical combat casualty care, research and analytics in trauma care, verification and regionalization of trauma systems, and more!

Essential Surgery is part of a nine volume series for Disease Control Priorities which focuses on health interventions intended to reduce morbidity and mortality. The Essential Surgery volume focuses on four key aspects including global financial responsibility, emergency procedures, essential services organization and cost analysis.

Advances in trauma care have accelerated over the past decade, spurred by the significant burden of injury from the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. Between 2005 and 2013, the case fatality rate for United States service members injured in Afghanistan decreased by nearly 50 percent, despite an increase in the severity of injury among U.S. troops during the same period of time. But as the war in Afghanistan ends, knowledge and advances in trauma care developed by the Department of Defense (DoD) over the past decade from experiences in Afghanistan and Iraq may be lost. This would have implications for the quality of trauma care both within the DoD and in the civilian setting, where adoption of military advances in trauma care has become increasingly common and necessary to improve the response to multiple civilian casualty events. Intentional steps to codify and harvest the lessons learned within the military's trauma system are needed to ensure a ready military medical force for future combat and to prevent death from survivable injuries in both military and civilian systems. This will require partnership across military and civilian sectors and a sustained commitment from trauma system leaders at all levels to assure that the necessary knowledge and tools are not lost. A National Trauma Care System defines the components of a learning health system necessary to enable continued improvement in trauma care in both the civilian and the military sectors. This report provides recommendations to ensure that lessons learned over the past decade from the military's experiences in Afghanistan and Iraq are sustained and built upon for future combat operations and translated into the U.S. civilian system.

Injuries are the leading cause of death and disability among people under age 35 in the United States. Despite great strides in injury prevention over the decades, injuries result in 150,000 deaths, 2.6 million hospitalizations, and 36 million visits to the emergency room each year. Reducing the Burden of Injury describes the cost and magnitude of the injury problem in America and looks critically at the current response by the public and private sectors, including: Data and surveillance needs. Research priorities. Trauma care systems development. Infrastructure support, including training for injury professionals. Firearm safety. Coordination among federal agencies. The authors define the field of injury and establish boundaries for the field regarding intentional injuries. This book highlights the crosscutting nature of the injury field, identifies opportunities to leverage resources and expertise of the numerous parties involved, and discusses issues regarding leadership at the federal level.

A comprehensive review of pediatric surgery for the general surgeon! Topics include pediatric pain management, hernias, hydroceles, and undescended testes, appendectomy, merckel's and intussusceptions, pyloric stenosis, childhood obesity, neonatal bowel obstruction, short gut syndrome and vascular access, abdominal wall reconstruction, gastroesophageal reflux disease, pediatric chest, CDH and protective ventilation strategies, chest wall deformities, congenital and pediatric neck lesions, vascular and lymphatic malformations, pediatric malignancies, teratoma and ovarian lesions, and more!

This issue of the Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America, Guest Edited by Dr. William G. Cance, is devoted to Translational Cancer Research for Surgeons. Translational Cancer research aims to move bench research to the bedside by applying basic science toward potential therapies. This issue will present the concepts of translational research and development of targeted therapeutics, and its implications for surgeons. It will show clinical applications for surgeons regarding sarcoma/GIST, melanoma, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, and endocrine cancer.

An important review on critical care for the general surgeon! Topics include: heparin induced thrombocytopenia, monitoring devices, mechanical ventilation, removal from mechanical ventilations, common complications in the critically ill patients, common drugs in the SICU, hypovolemic shock resuscitation, sepsis, nutrition, renal management, pain management, family engagement, and more!

A comprehensive and important issue devoted to multidisciplinary breast management! Topics will include neoadjuvant chemotherapy, pathology of invasive breast disease, management of high risk lesions, genetic predisposition syndromes, radiation therapy, surgical management of the breast–mastectomy and breast conservation, management of the axilla, management of ductal carcinoma in situ, breast reconstruction, adjuvant therapy, screening, imaging, and image guided biopsy techniques for breast cancer, benign breast disease, and much more!

A comprehensive review of bariatric and metabolic surgery for the general surgery! Topics include: The obesity epidemic/economic impact and diabetes epidemic/economic impact, physiology of obesity/diabetes, physiology of weight loss surgery, history of bariatric surgery, laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, sleeve gastrectomy, biliopancreatic diversion/duodenal switch, laparoscopic gastric bypass, complications of laparoscopic adjustable gastric binding, complications of laparoscopic gastric bypass, outcomes/comparative effectiveness studies, co-morbidity reduction data, economic impact of bariatric surgery, adolescent bariatric surgery, revisional bariatric surgery, the future of bariatric surgery, and more!

An important review on esophageal neoplasms for the general surgeon! Topics will include epidemiology and prevalence of esophageal cancer, molecular basis of esophageal cancer development and progression, diagnosis and management of Barrett's esophagus, evaluation and staging of patients with esophageal cancer, medical evaluation of patients preparing for an esophagectomy, management of stage 1 esophageal cancer, management of T2 esophageal cancer, management of advanced stage operable esophageal cancer, management of GE junction tumors, traditional esophagectomy surgical techniques, minimally invasive esophagectomy techniques, esophageal reconstruction with alternative conduits, complications of esophagectomy, quality of life after an esophagectomy, palliation of inoperable esophageal cancer and more!