MEMS (Microelectromechanical Systems) technologies have enabled the construction of a micro chemical vapor deposition (μCVD) system for the synthesis of nanomaterials. By means of localized resistive heating via micro-heaters, unique capabilities of the μCVD systems have been utilized to synthesize carbon nanotubes and graphene in this work, including fast stabilization of temperature; rapid exchange of gas species; laminar gas flow due to small Reynolds number; small diffusion length; and enhanced mass transport. In the prototype designs, the μCVD system is composed of a suspended microheater and two contact pads constructed from the device layer of a SOI (silicon-on-insulator) substrate. Both heat transfer and fluidic analyses have been conducted to validate and optimize the key features of the system. Experimental results in the synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have shown that amorphous carbon formation can be deterred and ultra-long SWNTs can be grown using ethylene as the source gas using μCVD system while similar experimental conditions failed to produce SWNTs in a conventional CVD system. Further applications of the μCVD system have been successfully demonstrated, including direct placement of high-quality, well-aligned SWNTs on temperature sensitive substrates such as thin paper or polymer sheets, and the synthesis of two-dimensional crystalline graphene structure with good uniformity. Specifically, the construction of high-performance CNT-based devices requires high-quality CNTs while conventional transfer and assembly processes often alter and degrade their properties. The localized heating of μCVD allows the direct synthesis of self-aligned SWNTs onto flexible substrates without causing thermal damages. Both Raman spectral and transmission electron microscopy have been used to validate the quality of these SWNTs. This methodology of direct synthesis of nanomaterials could be applicable to other one-dimensional nanostructures for various applications including flexible electronics. In the application to graphene growth, large area graphene with consistent number of layers has been realized on top of a nickel-coated micro platform using the μCVD system. The capability of ultra-fast heating and cooling provided by the MEMS platform is crucial for the successful growth of graphene. In the prototype graphene synthesis experiments, methane is flowed at 1.5% volume ratio with hydrogen to the platform heated to 1000oC and the heating power is cut off after a 5-min growth process. It has been demonstrated that 12̃ layers of graphene structures can be consistently grown throughout the whole 300×300 m2 platform.

This book presents latest research results on synthesis and application of metallic nanomaterials. Fabrication techniques, analytic properties, as well as theoretical aspects are discussed. Size- and shape-controlled synthesis of silver, gold, copper, ruthenium, tellurium, selenium and palladium nanoparticles are reviewed. Further topics are the synthesis from microplasma and shape-control for electrocatalytic applications.

The book offers comprehensive coverage of the broad range of scientific knowledge in the fields of advances in induction and microwave heating of mineral and organic materials. Beginning with industry application in many areas of practical application to mineral materials and ending with raw materials of agriculture origin the authors, specialists in different scientific area, present their results in the two sections: Section 1-Induction and Microwave Heating of Mineral Materials, and Section 2-Microwave Heating of Organic Materials.

Intensive research on fullerenes, nanoparticles, and quantum dots in the 1990s led to interest in nanotubes and nanowires in subsequent years. Handbook of Nanophysics: Nanotubes and Nanowires focuses on the fundamental physics and latest applications of these important nanoscale materials and structures. Each peer-reviewed chapter contains a broad-

The papers included in this issue of ECS Transactions were originally presented in the symposium ¿Nanomaterials for Energy Conversion and Storage¿, held during the 212th meeting of The Electrochemical Society, in Washington, DC, from October 7 to 12, 2007.

Thorough and up-to-date, this book presents recent developments in this exciting research field. To begin with, the text covers the fabrication of chiral nanomaterials via various synthesis methods, including electron beam lithography, ion beam etching, chemical synthesis and biological DNA directed assembly. This is followed by the relevant theory and reaction mechanisms, with a discussion of the characterization of chiral nanomaterials according to the optical properties of metal nanoparticles, semiconductor nanocrystals, and nanoclusters. The whole is rounded off by a summary of applications in the field of catalysis, sensors, and biomedicine. With its comprehensive yet concise coverage of the whole spectrum of research, this is invaluable reading for senior researchers and entrants to the field of nanoscience and materials science.

This Handbook focuses on the recent advancements in Safety, Risk, Ethical Society and Legal Implications (ESLI) as well as its commercialization of nanotechnology, such as manufacturing. Nano is moving out of its relaxation phase of scientific route, and as new products go to market, organizations all over the world, as well as the general public, are discussing the environmental and health issues associated with nanotechnology. Nongovernmental science organizations have long since reacted; however, now the social sciences have begun to study the cultural portent of nanotechnology. Societal concerns and their newly constructed concepts, show nanoscience interconnected with the economy, ecology, health, and governance. This handbook addresses these new challenges and is divided into 7 sections: Nanomaterials and the Environment; Life Cycle Environmental Implications of Nanomanufacturing; Bioavailability and Toxicity of Manufactured Nanoparticles in Terrestrial Environments; Occupational Health Hazards of Nanoparticles; Ethical Issues in Nanotechnology; Commercialization of Nanotechnology; Legalization of Nanotechnology.

Green Sustainable Process for Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Science: Switchable Solvents explores the preparation, properties, chemical processes and applications of this class of green solvents. The book provides an in-depth overview on the area of switchable solvents in various industrial applications, focusing on the purification and extraction of chemical compounds utilizing green chemistry protocols that include liquid-liquid, solid-liquid, liquid-gas and lipids separation technologies. In addition, it includes recent advances in greener extraction and separation processes. This book will be an invaluable guide to students, professors, scientists and R&D industrial specialists working in the field of sustainable chemistry, organic, analytical, chemical engineering, environmental and pharmaceutical sciences. - Provides a broad overview of switchable solvents in sustainable chemical processes - Compares the use of switchable solvents as greener solvents over conventional solvents - Outlines eco-friendly organic synthesis and chemical processes using switchable solvents - Lists various industrial separations/extraction processes using switchable solvents

This thesis systematically introduces readers to a new metal-organic framework approach to fabricating nanostructured materials for electrochemical applications. Based on the metal-organic framework (MOF) approach, it also demonstrates the latest ideas on how to create optimal MOF and MOF-derived nanomaterials for electrochemical reactions under controlled conditions. The thesis offers a valuable resource for researchers who want to understand electrochemical reactions at nanoscale and optimize materials from rational design to achieve enhanced electrochemical performance. It also serves as a useful reference guide to fundamental research on advanced electrochemical energy storage materials and the synthesis of nanostructured materials.