The aim of" the present monograph is two-fold: (a) to give a short account of the main results concerning the theory of random systems with complete connections, and (b) to describe the general learning model by means of random systems with complete connections. The notion of chain with complete connections has been introduced in probability theory by ONICESCU and MIHOC (1935a). These authors have set themselves the aim to define a very broad type of dependence which takes into account the whole history of the evolution and thus includes as a special case the Markovian one. In a sequel of papers of the period 1935-1937, ONICESCU and MIHOC developed the theory of these chains for the homogeneous case with a finite set of states from differ ent points of view: ergodic behaviour, associated chain, limit laws. These results led to a chapter devoted to these chains, inserted by ONI CESCU and MIHOC in their monograph published in 1937. Important contributions to the theory of chains with complete connections are due to DOEBLIN and FORTET and refer to the period 1937-1940. They consist in the approach of chains with an infinite history (the so-called chains of infinite order) and in the use of methods from functional analysis.

This engaging introduction to random processes provides students with the critical tools needed to design and evaluate engineering systems that must operate reliably in uncertain environments. A brief review of probability theory and real analysis of deterministic functions sets the stage for understanding random processes, whilst the underlying measure theoretic notions are explained in an intuitive, straightforward style. Students will learn to manage the complexity of randomness through the use of simple classes of random processes, statistical means and correlations, asymptotic analysis, sampling, and effective algorithms. Key topics covered include: • Calculus of random processes in linear systems • Kalman and Wiener filtering • Hidden Markov models for statistical inference • The estimation maximization (EM) algorithm • An introduction to martingales and concentration inequalities. Understanding of the key concepts is reinforced through over 100 worked examples and 300 thoroughly tested homework problems (half of which are solved in detail at the end of the book).

Rigorous exposition suitable for elementary instruction. Covers measure theory, axiomatization of probability theory, processes with independent increments, Markov processes and limit theorems for random processes, more. A wealth of results, ideas, and techniques distinguish this text. Introduction. Bibliography. 1969 edition.

A resource for probability AND random processes, with hundreds ofworked examples and probability and Fourier transform tables This survival guide in probability and random processes eliminatesthe need to pore through several resources to find a certainformula or table. It offers a compendium of most distributionfunctions used by communication engineers, queuing theoryspecialists, signal processing engineers, biomedical engineers,physicists, and students. Key topics covered include: * Random variables and most of their frequently used discrete andcontinuous probability distribution functions * Moments, transformations, and convergences of randomvariables * Characteristic, generating, and moment-generating functions * Computer generation of random variates * Estimation theory and the associated orthogonalityprinciple * Linear vector spaces and matrix theory with vector and matrixdifferentiation concepts * Vector random variables * Random processes and stationarity concepts * Extensive classification of random processes * Random processes through linear systems and the associated Wienerand Kalman filters * Application of probability in single photon emission tomography(SPECT) More than 400 figures drawn to scale assist readers inunderstanding and applying theory. Many of these figures accompanythe more than 300 examples given to help readers visualize how tosolve the problem at hand. In many instances, worked examples aresolved with more than one approach to illustrate how differentprobability methodologies can work for the same problem. Several probability tables with accuracy up to nine decimal placesare provided in the appendices for quick reference. A specialfeature is the graphical presentation of the commonly occurringFourier transforms, where both time and frequency functions aredrawn to scale. This book is of particular value to undergraduate and graduatestudents in electrical, computer, and civil engineering, as well asstudents in physics and applied mathematics. Engineers, computerscientists, biostatisticians, and researchers in communicationswill also benefit from having a single resource to address mostissues in probability and random processes.

Miller and Childers have focused on creating a clear presentation of foundational concepts with specific applications to signal processing and communications, clearly the two areas of most interest to students and instructors in this course. It is aimed at graduate students as well as practicing engineers, and includes unique chapters on narrowband random processes and simulation techniques. The appendices provide a refresher in such areas as linear algebra, set theory, random variables, and more. Probability and Random Processes also includes applications in digital communications, information theory, coding theory, image processing, speech analysis, synthesis and recognition, and other fields. * Exceptional exposition and numerous worked out problems make the book extremely readable and accessible * The authors connect the applications discussed in class to the textbook * The new edition contains more real world signal processing and communications applications * Includes an entire chapter devoted to simulation techniques.

Together with the fundamentals of probability, random processes and statistical analysis, this insightful book also presents a broad range of advanced topics and applications. There is extensive coverage of Bayesian vs. frequentist statistics, time series and spectral representation, inequalities, bound and approximation, maximum-likelihood estimation and the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm, geometric Brownian motion and Itô process. Applications such as hidden Markov models (HMM), the Viterbi, BCJR, and Baum–Welch algorithms, algorithms for machine learning, Wiener and Kalman filters, and queueing and loss networks are treated in detail. The book will be useful to students and researchers in such areas as communications, signal processing, networks, machine learning, bioinformatics, econometrics and mathematical finance. With a solutions manual, lecture slides, supplementary materials and MATLAB programs all available online, it is ideal for classroom teaching as well as a valuable reference for professionals.

The ultimate objective of this book is to present a panoramic view of the main stochastic processes which have an impact on applications, with complete proofs and exercises. Random processes play a central role in the applied sciences, including operations research, insurance, finance, biology, physics, computer and communications networks, and signal processing. In order to help the reader to reach a level of technical autonomy sufficient to understand the presented models, this book includes a reasonable dose of probability theory. On the other hand, the study of stochastic processes gives an opportunity to apply the main theoretical results of probability theory beyond classroom examples and in a non-trivial manner that makes this discipline look more attractive to the applications-oriented student. One can distinguish three parts of this book. The first four chapters are about probability theory, Chapters 5 to 8 concern random sequences, or discrete-time stochastic processes, and the rest of the book focuses on stochastic processes and point processes. There is sufficient modularity for the instructor or the self-teaching reader to design a course or a study program adapted to her/his specific needs. This book is in a large measure self-contained.

Probability, Random Variables, and Random Processes is a comprehensive textbook on probability theory for engineers that provides a more rigorous mathematical framework than is usually encountered in undergraduate courses. It is intended for first-year graduate students who have some familiarity with probability and random variables, though not necessarily of random processes and systems that operate on random signals. It is also appropriate for advanced undergraduate students who have a strong mathematical background. The book has the following features: Several appendices include related material on integration, important inequalities and identities, frequency-domain transforms, and linear algebra. These topics have been included so that the book is relatively self-contained. One appendix contains an extensive summary of 33 random variables and their properties such as moments, characteristic functions, and entropy. Unlike most books on probability, numerous figures have been included to clarify and expand upon important points. Over 600 illustrations and MATLAB plots have been designed to reinforce the material and illustrate the various characterizations and properties of random quantities. Sufficient statistics are covered in detail, as is their connection to parameter estimation techniques. These include classical Bayesian estimation and several optimality criteria: mean-square error, mean-absolute error, maximum likelihood, method of moments, and least squares. The last four chapters provide an introduction to several topics usually studied in subsequent engineering courses: communication systems and information theory; optimal filtering (Wiener and Kalman); adaptive filtering (FIR and IIR); and antenna beamforming, channel equalization, and direction finding. This material is available electronically at the companion website. Probability, Random Variables, and Random Processes is the only textbook on probability for engineers that includes relevant background material, provides extensive summaries of key results, and extends various statistical techniques to a range of applications in signal processing.

Presents the fundamental concepts and applications of probability and random processes. Beginning with a discussion of probability theory, the text analyses various types of random processes. It also discusses in detail the random variables, standard distributions, correlation and spectral densities, and linear systems.