William Hyde Wollaston was born into a large, religious, and scientifically informed family in 1766 and died sixty-two years later as one of the Western world s most highly regarded scientists. With encouragement from his well-connected father, he studied medicine at Cambridge, and began practicing as a physician in the provinces before moving his practice to London in 1797, arriving in the capital about the same time as his illustrious colleagues Humphry Davy and Thomas Young. After a few years in London, Wollaston abandoned the vocation he had come to dislike and bravely set out to make his living as a chemical entrepreneur, while pursuing his intellectual interests in a wide range of contemporary scientific subjects. He, Davy, and Young were to become Britain s leading scientific practitioners in the first third of the nineteenth century, and their deaths within a six month time span were seen by many as the end of a glorious period of British supremacy in science. In contrast to his two more famous colleagues, Wollaston s life was not recorded for posterity in a contemporary biography, and his many remarkable scientific, commercial, instrumental, and institutional achievements have fallen into obscurity as a result. This biography is the first book-length study of Wollaston, his science, and the environment in which he thrived."

Originally published in 1967. Professor Sachs shows the inner coherence of Samuel Johnson's thought by pointing out the interconnectedness of his remarks on religious, moral, aesthetic, political, and psychological subjects. Reason and imagination, the central concepts in the Johnsonian ethos, are elucidated with reference to "vacuity," "attention," "novelty," "diversity," and other words to which Johnson attached special significance. Johnson emerges as an original thinker of the English Christian-humanist heritage; he "is to be read in the same spirit as Pascal." Primarily concerned with the relation between Johnson's ideas and the long tradition of which they are the culmination, Sachs also emphasizes the relevance of Johnson's thought to the twentieth century.

A critical account of the idea of intelligence in modern French literature and thought In the late nineteenth century, psychologists and philosophers became intensely interested in the possibility of quantifying, measuring, and evaluating “intelligence,” and using it to separate and compare individuals. Disarming Intelligence analyzes how this polyvalent term was consolidated and contested in competing discourses, from fin de siècle psychology and philosophy to literature, criticism, and cultural polemics around the First World War. Zakir Paul examines how Marcel Proust, Henri Bergson, Paul Valéry, and the critics of the influential Nouvelle revue française registered, negotiated, and subtly countered the ways intelligence was invoked across the political and aesthetic spectrum. For these writers, intelligence fluctuates between an individual, sovereign faculty for analyzing the world and something collective, accidental, and contingent. Disarming Intelligence shows how literary and critical styles questioned, suspended, and reimagined what intelligence could be by bringing elements of uncertainty and potentiality into its horizon. The book also explores interwar political tensions—from the extreme right to Walter Benjamin’s engaged essays on contemporary French writers. Finally, a brief coda recasts current debates about artificial intelligence by comparing them to these earlier crises of intelligence. By drawing together and untangling competing conceptions of intelligence, Disarming Intelligence exposes its mercurial but influential and urgent role in literary and cultural politics.

AI is an emerging discipline of computer science. It deals with the concepts and methodologies required for computer to perform an intelligent activity. The spectrum of computer science is very wide and it enables the computer to handle almost every activity, which human beings could. It deals with defining the basic problem from viewpoint of solving it through computer, finding out the total possibilities of solution, representing the problem from computational orientation, selecting data structures, finding the solution through searching the goal in search space dealing the real world uncertain situations etc. It also develops the techniques for learning and understanding, which make the computer able to exhibit an intelligent behavior. The list is exhaustive and is applied now a days in almost every field of technology. This book presents almost all the components of AI like problem solving, search techniques, knowledge concepts, expert system and many more in a very simple language. One of the unique features of this book is inclusion of number of solved examples; in between the chapters and also at the end of many chapters. Real life examples have been discussed to make the reader conversant with the intricate phenomenon of computer science in general, and artificial intelligence in particular. The book is primarily developed for undergraduate and postgraduate engineering students.

The intention of Pure Conscious Energy is to reconnect you with the truth that you are a Spiritual Being. Within its pages you'll find The Chart of Intentions and Characteristics of the Composite Being, which was created as a tool to help identify the higher levels of consciousness and truth while bringing understanding and clarity to negative habits or characteristics of lower confusions. Using this will help you free the condensed energy and confusion from your consciousness via analytical processing. Increasing your consciousness and acting with clear thinking and wisdom, will enable you to move up to higher states of understanding and knowingness.Over the course of this book, you will travel a path towards friendship with your own mind. More than that, your consciousness will become like a compassionate older sibling taking your hand, guiding you with knowledge through areas of confusion and uncertainty. This will help you reach the innate spiritual truths within and raise your vibrational energy to live more in the "now" while increasing your imagination to discover and live your life's purpose.

What is intelligence? What makes humans homo sapiens - the intelligent species? Inventing Intelligence is a bold deconstruction of the history of intelligence, bringing a cultural studies approach to this fascinating subject for the first time.

Much has been written about U.S. intelligence operations. However, intelligence, as it is conducted in the U.S. domestic environment, has usually been treated in a fractured and sensationalistic manner. This book dispassionately assesses the U.S. domestically oriented intelligence enterprise by first examining its individual components and then sho

An engrossing guide to seeing—and communicating—more clearly from the groundbreaking course that helps FBI agents, cops, CEOs, ER docs, and others save money, reputations, and lives. How could looking at Monet’s water lily paintings help save your company millions? How can checking out people’s footwear foil a terrorist attack? How can your choice of adjective win an argument, calm your kid, or catch a thief? In her celebrated seminar, the Art of Perception, art historian Amy Herman has trained experts from many fields how to perceive and communicate better. By showing people how to look closely at images, she helps them hone their “visual intelligence,” a set of skills we all possess but few of us know how to use properly. She has spent more than a decade teaching doctors to observe patients instead of their charts, helping police officers separate facts from opinions when investigating a crime, and training professionals from the FBI, the State Department, Fortune 500 companies, and the military to recognize the most pertinent and useful information. Her lessons highlight far more than the physical objects you may be missing; they teach you how to recognize the talents, opportunities, and dangers that surround you every day. Whether you want to be more effective on the job, more empathetic toward your loved ones, or more alert to the trove of possibilities and threats all around us, this book will show you how to see what matters most to you more clearly than ever before. Please note: this ebook contains full-color art reproductions and photographs, and color is at times essential to the observation and analysis skills discussed in the text. For the best reading experience, this ebook should be viewed on a color device.