CHAPTER I THE DETERMINISTIC SCHRODINGER OPERATOR 187 1. The difference equation. Hyperbolic structures 187 2. Self adjointness of H. Spectral properties . 190 3. Slowly increasing generalized eigenfunctions 195 4. Approximations of the spectral measure 196 200 5. The pure point spectrum. A criterion 6. Singularity of the spectrum 202 CHAPTER II ERGODIC SCHRÖDINGER OPERATORS 205 1. Definition and examples 205 2. General spectral properties 206 3. The Lyapunov exponent in the general ergodie case 209 4. The Lyapunov exponent in the independent eas e 211 5. Absence of absolutely continuous spectrum 221 224 6. Distribution of states. Thouless formula 232 7. The pure point spectrum. Kotani's criterion 8. Asymptotic properties of the conductance in 234 the disordered wire CHAPTER III THE PURE POINT SPECTRUM 237 238 1. The pure point spectrum. First proof 240 2. The Laplace transform on SI(2,JR) 247 3. The pure point spectrum. Second proof 250 4. The density of states CHAPTER IV SCHRÖDINGER OPERATORS IN A STRIP 2';3 1. The deterministic Schrödinger operator in 253 a strip 259 2. Ergodie Schrödinger operators in a strip 3. Lyapunov exponents in the independent case. 262 The pure point spectrum (first proof) 267 4. The Laplace transform on Sp(~,JR) 272 5. The pure point spectrum, second proof vii APPENDIX 275 BIBLIOGRAPHY 277 viii PREFACE This book presents two elosely related series of leetures. Part A, due to P.

CHAPTER I THE DETERMINISTIC SCHRODINGER OPERATOR 187 1. The difference equation. Hyperbolic structures 187 2. Self adjointness of H. Spectral properties . 190 3. Slowly increasing generalized eigenfunctions 195 4. Approximations of the spectral measure 196 200 5. The pure point spectrum. A criterion 6. Singularity of the spectrum 202 CHAPTER II ERGODIC SCHRÖDINGER OPERATORS 205 1. Definition and examples 205 2. General spectral properties 206 3. The Lyapunov exponent in the general ergodie case 209 4. The Lyapunov exponent in the independent eas e 211 5. Absence of absolutely continuous spectrum 221 224 6. Distribution of states. Thouless formula 232 7. The pure point spectrum. Kotani's criterion 8. Asymptotic properties of the conductance in 234 the disordered wire CHAPTER III THE PURE POINT SPECTRUM 237 238 1. The pure point spectrum. First proof 240 2. The Laplace transform on SI(2,JR) 247 3. The pure point spectrum. Second proof 250 4. The density of states CHAPTER IV SCHRÖDINGER OPERATORS IN A STRIP 2';3 1. The deterministic Schrödinger operator in 253 a strip 259 2. Ergodie Schrödinger operators in a strip 3. Lyapunov exponents in the independent case. 262 The pure point spectrum (first proof) 267 4. The Laplace transform on Sp(~,JR) 272 5. The pure point spectrum, second proof vii APPENDIX 275 BIBLIOGRAPHY 277 viii PREFACE This book presents two elosely related series of leetures. Part A, due to P.

Features twenty-six expository papers on random matrices and products of random matrices. This work reflects both theoretical and applied concerns in fields as diverse as computer science, probability theory, mathematical physics, and population biology.

Since the seminal work of P. Anderson in 1958, localization in disordered systems has been the object of intense investigations. Mathematically speaking, the phenomenon can be described as follows: the self-adjoint operators which are used as Hamiltonians for these systems have a ten dency to have pure point spectrum, especially in low dimension or for large disorder. A lot of effort has been devoted to the mathematical study of the random self-adjoint operators relevant to the theory of localization for disordered systems. It is fair to say that progress has been made and that the un derstanding of the phenomenon has improved. This does not mean that the subject is closed. Indeed, the number of important problems actually solved is not larger than the number of those remaining. Let us mention some of the latter: • A proof of localization at all energies is still missing for two dimen sional systems, though it should be within reachable range. In the case of the two dimensional lattice, this problem has been approached by the investigation of a finite discrete band, but the limiting pro cedure necessary to reach the full two-dimensional lattice has never been controlled. • The smoothness properties of the density of states seem to escape all attempts in dimension larger than one. This problem is particularly serious in the continuous case where one does not even know if it is continuous.

Since the predecessor to this volume (LNM 1186, Eds. L. Arnold, V. Wihstutz)appeared in 1986, significant progress has been made in the theory and applications of Lyapunov exponents - one of the key concepts of dynamical systems - and in particular, pronounced shifts towards nonlinear and infinite-dimensional systems and engineering applications are observable. This volume opens with an introductory survey article (Arnold/Crauel) followed by 26 original (fully refereed) research papers, some of which have in part survey character. From the Contents: L. Arnold, H. Crauel: Random Dynamical Systems.- I.Ya. Goldscheid: Lyapunov exponents and asymptotic behaviour of the product of random matrices.- Y. Peres: Analytic dependence of Lyapunov exponents on transition probabilities.- O. Knill: The upper Lyapunov exponent of Sl (2, R) cocycles:Discontinuity and the problem of positivity.- Yu.D. Latushkin, A.M. Stepin: Linear skew-product flows and semigroups of weighted composition operators.- P. Baxendale: Invariant measures for nonlinear stochastic differential equations.- Y. Kifer: Large deviationsfor random expanding maps.- P. Thieullen: Generalisation du theoreme de Pesin pour l' -entropie.- S.T. Ariaratnam, W.-C. Xie: Lyapunov exponents in stochastic structural mechanics.- F. Colonius, W. Kliemann: Lyapunov exponents of control flows.

Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Applications of Random Matrices in Physics, Les Houches, France, 6-25 June 2004

​Random Matrices are one of the major research areas in modern probability theory, due to their prominence in many different fields such as nuclear physics, statistics, telecommunication, free probability, non-commutative geometry, and dynamical systems. A great deal of recent work has focused on the study of spectra of large random matrices on the one hand and on iterated random functions, especially random difference equations, on the other. However, the methods applied in these two research areas are fairly dissimilar. Motivated by the idea that tools from one area could potentially also be helpful in the other, the volume editors have selected contributions that present results and methods from random matrix theory as well as from the theory of iterated random functions. This work resulted from a workshop that was held in Münster, Germany in 2011. The aim of the workshop was to bring together researchers from two fields of probability theory: random matrix theory and the theory of iterated random functions. Random matrices play fundamental, yet very different roles in the two fields. Accordingly, leading figures and young researchers gave talks on their field of interest that were also accessible to a broad audience.

This volume contains 20 refereed research or review papers presented at the five-day Third Seminar on Stochastic Analysis, Random Fields and Applications which took place at the Centro Stefano Franscini (Monte Verità) in Ascona, Switzerland, from September 20 to 24, 1999. The seminar focused on three topics: fundamental aspects of stochastic analysis, physical modeling, and applications to financial engineering. The third topic was the subject of a mini-symposium on stochastic methods in financial models.