The popularity of the 1973 fifth edition of The Technology of Cake Making has continued in many of the English-speaking countries throughout the world. This sixth edition has been comprehensively revised and brought up to date with new chapters on Cream, butter and milkfat products, Lactose, Yeast aeration, Emulsions and emulsifiers, Water activity and Reduced sugar Eggs and egg products, Baking fats, and lower fat goods. The chapters on Sugars, Chemical aeration, Nuts in confectionery, Chocolate, Pastries, Nutritional value and Packaging have been completely rewritten. The increased need for the continuous development of new products does not of necessity mean that new technology has to be constantly introduced. Many of the good old favourites may continue to be produced for many years and they form suitable 'bench marks' for new product development. The sixth edition introduces the use of relative density to replace specific volume as a measure of the amount of aeration in a cake batter (the use of relative density is in line with international agreement). Specific volume is kept as a measurement of baked product volume since the industry is comfortable with the concept that, subject to an upper limit, an increase in specific volume coincides with improvement in cake quality.

Much has changed in the Turkish economy since The Business Year's last publication on the country in 2016. Then, the economy was experiencing a sustained period of high growth at a time when much of the rest of the world was still struggling to recover from the global recession. On our 2019 return to Turkey to produce this publication, the country was in the grip of a sharp drop in its currency's value and the onset of economic recession. Beleaguered by high interest rates and a decline in domestic consumer demand, companies canceled planned investments and corporate loans began souring. Despite this, the year ended optimistically, with the economy beating growth estimates, inflation reined in, and lower global and domestic interest rates providing a needed boost in investment activity. The Business Year's country-specific publications, sometimes featuring over 150 face-to-face interviews, are among the most comprehensive annual economic publications available internationally.