Cold spray (CS) is a solid-state coating deposition technology that has recently been applied as an additive manufacturing (AM) process to fabricate individual components. This potential AM process is attracting more and more attention because of its advantages: high-forming efficiency, low temperature, and no phase changing of materials. These advantages make CS able to form large-volume objects to become an efficient and effective AM process. Nowadays, new advances in cold spray additive manufacturing (CSAM) call for new process implementation to improve the manufacturing accuracy and flexibility. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to enhance CS-based AM through the modeling and planning of the robotic CS process. The work of this thesis consists of three parts.Firstly, efforts have been dedicated to design and implement a new framework for CSAM. In this part, a concept of modular system is presented. Here, the current CSAM system is decomposed into different modules in order to understand the physical and functional relationships between the key elements of the entire system. This physical and functional modularity is an indispensable necessity to promote hybrid AM processes. New modules, such as in-situ measurement module, inter-process module can be integrated into the framework to bring more possibilities to the conventional CS process. It is revealed that system modularity is suitable to revolutionize the CSAM method and conduction. It can be seen that to fully exert the potential of CSAM, efforts are still required to integrate and coordinate more technologies with the help of the proposed modular framework.Secondly, a novel approach is presented to simulate the CS deposition. Here, a three-dimensional geometric model of the coating profile based on Gaussian distribution is developed. The model is combined with robot trajectory and processing parameters to simulate the evolving CS deposits. In addition, it can offer accurate profile prediction in the robot off-line programming platform, especially in case of shadow effects, which enables the integration of robot programming with simulation to better control the coating process. The results of both numerical and experimental verifications show that this proposed method has a good prediction accuracy for practice.At last, compared with the current bulk-based volume-forming strategy (e.g. a tessellation-based method), this study proposes a new spray strategy that considers the characteristics and kinematic parameters of cold spray to enhance stable layer building for 3D shape forming. Both simulation and experiments are conducted for method verification. Layer built benchmarking test objects have better shape accuracy than that of existing methods. This implies that the proposed method makes CS a real and layer-by-layer ready AM process for 3D shape forming.

This book systematically describes the status quo and future development of cold spray additive manufacturing technology. It starts with a comprehensive introduction to the fundamentals of cold spray additive manufacturing, including its history, working principle, equipment, processing parameters and powder feedstock. It then discusses the fundamentals of and the latest developments in the gas flow character, particle acceleration, particle deposition and bond mechanism from the perspectives of both experiments and modelling to provide readers with insights into the cold spray additive manufacturing process. Further, it explores microstructure and properties, which are major concerns in the context of cold sprayed deposits. The book also highlights the strengthening strategies for cold sprayed deposits, from pre- and in-process to post-treatment. Lastly, it examines the current and potential applications of cold spray additive manufacturing.

This book sheds light on the development of the cold spray process in applications of additive manufacturing (AM) and repair/remanufacturing engineering. It covers the process fundamentals of different cold spray techniques, namely low pressure cold spray and high pressure cold spray process. Bonding mechanism and powder substrate interface are an important part of the book. The chapters present the recent developments in materials used in cold spraying for AM and various coating applications. The latest research in this area as well as possible avenues of future research are also highlighted as a way to encourage the researchers.

Motion and Path Planning for Additive Manufacturing takes a deep dive into the concepts and computations behind slicing software – the software that uses 3D models to generate the commands required to control the motion of a 3D printer and ultimately construct objects. Starting with a brief review of the different types of motion in additive systems, this book walks through the steps of the path planning process and discusses the different types of toolpaths and their corresponding function in additive manufacturing. Planar, non-planar, and off-axis path planning are examined and explained. This book also presents pathing considerations for different types of 3D-printers, including extrusion, non-extrusion, and hybrid systems as well as 3- and 5-axis systems. Engineers, researchers, and designers in the additive manufacturing field can use this book as a reference for every step of the path planning process, as well as a guide that explains the computations underlying the creation and use of toolpaths. - Outlines the entire toolpath planning process required to go from a computer-aided design (CAD) model to G-code that a 3D printer can then use to construct a part - Defines the terms and variables used in slicing and other path-planning software - Highlights all the available kinematic arrangements for motion systems in additive manufacturing as well as the advantages and risks of each method - Discusses the nuances of path planning for extrusion, non-extrusion, and hybrid process as well as 3- and 5-axis additive systems - Provides an up-to-date explanation of advancements in toolpath planning and state-of-the-art slicing processes that use real-time data collection

The text focuses on discussing the solid-state deformation behavior of materials in additive manufacturing processes. It highlights the process optimization and bonding of different layers during layer-by-layer deposition of different materials in Solid-State. It covers the design, process, and advancement of solid-state additive manufacturing methods. • Covers the fundamentals of materials processing, including the stress–strain–temperature correlation in solid-state processing and manufacturing. • Discusses solid-state additive manufacturing methods, and optimization strategies for the fabrication of additive manufacturing products. • Showcases the mechanisms associated with improvement in mechanical properties of Solid-State additive manufacturing products. • Provides a comprehensive discussion on microstructural stability and homogeneity in mechanical properties. • Presents hybrid solid-state process for fabrication of multilayer components and composite materials. • Provides a detailed review of laser-based post-processing techniques The text focuses on the Solid-State additive manufacturing techniques for the fabrication of industrially relevant products. It gives in-depth information on the fundamental aspects, hybridization of the processes, fabrication of different materials, improvement in product performance, and Internet of Things enabled manufacturing. The text covers crucial topics, including hybrid Solid- State additive manufacturing, cold spray additive manufacturing, online defect detection of products, and post-processing of additively manufactured components. These subjects are significant in advancing additive manufacturing technology and ensuring the quality and efficiency of the produced components. It will serve as an ideal reference text for senior undergraduate and graduate students, and researchers in fields such as mechanical engineering, aerospace engineering, manufacturing engineering, and production engineering. .

This book sheds light on the development of the cold spray process in applications of additive manufacturing (AM) and repair/remanufacturing engineering. It covers the process fundamentals of different cold spray techniques, namely low pressure cold spray and high pressure cold spray process. Bonding mechanism and powder substrate interface are an important part of the book. The chapters present the recent developments in materials used in cold spraying for AM and various coating applications. The latest research in this area as well as possible avenues of future research are also highlighted as a way to encourage the researchers.

Current market trends have resulted in the need for more efficient and robust manufacturing paradigm. Additive manufacturing (AM) can fabricate parts directly from digital models. Thus it can significantly shorten product development cycle while satisfying customized design requirements. However, compared with traditional manufacturing process, AM process also have disadvantages. Many researchers have extensively studied some critical processes and proposed novel solutions to improve the process. However, all these process planning methods are still mainly based on trial and error. This book, therefore, investigated the main principles and key techniques of AM process, formulated predicative mathematics models, proposed various optimization approaches and conducted simulation and physical experiments for verification. The proposed method can fundamentally and efficiently improve the AM process constrained by the current technique conditions. This research work should be useful to professionals in advanced manufacturing especially additive manufacturing fields, or anyone else who are interested in process modeling, optimization and simulation.

This book focuses on the emerging additive manufacturing technology and its applications beyond state-of-the-art, fibre-reinforced thermoplastics. It also discusses the development of a hybrid, integrated process that combines additive and subtractive operations in a single-step platform, allowing CAD-to-Part production with freeform shapes using long or continuous fibre-reinforced thermoplastics. The book covers the entire value chain of this next-generation technology, from part design and materials composition to transformation stages, product evaluation, and end-of-life studies. Moreover, it addresses the following engineering issues: • Design rules for hybrid additive manufacturing; • Thermoplastic compounds for high-temperature and -strength applications; • Advanced extrusion heads and process concepts; • Hybridisation strategies; • Software ecosystems for hAM design, pre-processing, process planning, emulating and multi-axis processing; • 3D path generators for hAM based on a multi-objective optimisation algorithm that matches the recent curved adaptive slicing method with a new transversal scheme; • hAM parameters, real-time monitoring and closed-loop control; • Multiparametric nondestructive testing (NDT) tools customised for FRTP AM parts; • Sustainable manufacturing processes validated by advanced LCA/LCC models.

Within the last decade, several industrialized countries have stressed the importance of advanced manufacturing to their economies. Many of these plans have highlighted the development of additive manufacturing techniques, such as 3D printing which, as of 2018, are still in their infancy. The objective is to develop superior products, produced at lower overall operational costs. For these goals to be realized, a deep understanding of the essential ingredients comprising the materials involved in additive manufacturing is needed. The combination of rigorous material modeling theories, coupled with the dramatic increase of computational power can potentially play a significant role in the analysis, control, and design of many emerging additive manufacturing processes. Specialized materials and the precise design of their properties are key factors in the processes. Specifically, particle-functionalized materials play a central role in this field, in three main regimes: (1) to enhance overall filament-based material properties, by embedding particles within a binder, which is then passed through a heating element and the deposited onto a surface, (2) to “functionalize” inks by adding particles to freely flowing solvents forming a mixture, which is then deposited onto a surface and (3) to directly deposit particles, as dry powders, onto surfaces and then to heat them with a laser, e-beam or other external source, in order to fuse them into place. The goal of these processes is primarily to build surface structures which are extremely difficult to construct using classical manufacturing methods. The objective of this monograph is introduce the readers to basic techniques which can allow them to rapidly develop and analyze particulate-based materials needed in such additive manufacturing processes. This monograph is broken into two main parts: “Continuum Method” (CM) approaches and “Discrete Element Method” (DEM) approaches. The materials associated with methods (1) and (2) are closely related types of continua (particles embedded in a continuous binder) and are treated using continuum approaches. The materials in method (3), which are of a discrete particulate character, are analyzed using discrete element methods.

Conventional additive manufacturing has revolutionized the manufacturing industry by building custom parts without any part-specific tooling. It can realize complex geometries which could not be built using any other manufacturing process. However, conventional additive manufacturing has limitations, such as long build times, undesirable mechanical properties, poor surface finish, and material wastage caused by support structures. Robotic additive manufacturing can overcome these limitations by the high flexibility. Robotic additive manufacturing requires several technological advances to overcome the limitations of conventional additive manufacturing. This dissertation makes the following four fundamental advances to enable the use of robots in additive manufacturing: (1) a part placement algorithm to optimize the robot trajectory execution accuracy, (2) a tool-path planning algorithm to fully utilize the tool's flexibility for manufacturing in a computationally efficient manner, (3) a robot trajectory compensation scheme to improve the accuracy of the robotic manipulators, and (4) a robot placement algorithm to enable multi-robot manufacturing and minimize overall manufacturing time. The dissertation demonstrates the fundamental advances using the following four robotic additive manufacturing applications. First, the robot accuracy is improved using the compensation scheme to perform supportless material extrusion additive manufacturing. Second, the tool-path planning flexibility is demonstrated for multi-resolution material extrusion additive manufacturing. Third, the part placement algorithm is used for conformal wire arc additive manufacturing. Finally, the multi-axis wire arc manufacturing deposition rate is increased by designing a multi-robot cell.