Although there is a shortage of light petroleum, there is plenty of heavy petroleum rich in macromolecules available, creating an increasing interest for processes that can convert heavy oils to light oils. Process Chemistry of Petroleum Macromolecules provides the scientific basis for such processes, presenting methods to determine improvement potential. Topics include characterization, thermal kinetics, phase behavior, and separation. Revealing that the science of petroleum macromolecules is simpler and more exciting than imagined, it also discusses macromolecules that self-associate, liquid crystalline phases, reactions triggered by phase separation, and both dispersed and dissolved solutes.

The worldwide petroleum industry is facing a dilemma: the production level of heavy petroleum is higher than that of light petroleum. Heavy crude oils possess high amounts of impurities (sulfur, nitrogen, metals, and asphaltenes), as well as a high yield of residue with consequent low production of valuable distillates (gasoline and diesel). These

The role of the chemical reactor is crucial for the industrial conversion of raw materials into products and numerous factors must be considered when selecting an appropriate and efficient chemical reactor. Chemical Reaction Engineering and Reactor Technology defines the qualitative aspects that affect the selection of an industrial chemical reactor and couples various reactor models to case-specific kinetic expressions for chemical processes. Offering a systematic development of the chemical reaction engineering concept, this volume explores: Essential stoichiometric, kinetic, and thermodynamic terms needed in the analysis of chemical reactors Homogeneous and heterogeneous reactors Residence time distributions and non-ideal flow conditions in industrial reactors Solutions of algebraic and ordinary differential equation systems Gas- and liquid-phase diffusion coefficients and gas-film coefficients Correlations for gas-liquid systems Solubilities of gases in liquids Guidelines for laboratory reactors and the estimation of kinetic parameters The authors pay special attention to the exact formulations and derivations of mass energy balances and their numerical solutions. Richly illustrated and containing exercises and solutions covering a number of processes, from oil refining to the development of specialty and fine chemicals, the text provides a clear understanding of chemical reactor analysis and design.

The supply of petroleum continues to dwindle at an alarming rate, yet it is the source of a range of products- from gasoline and diesel to plastic, rubber, and synthetic fiber. Critical to the future of this commodity is that we learn to use it more judiciously and efficiently. Fundamentals of Petroleum and Petrochemical Engineering provides a holi

Introduction to Process Control, Second Edition provides a bridge between the traditional view of process control and the current, expanded role by blending conventional topics with a broader perspective of more integrated process operation, control, and information systems. Updating and expanding the content of its predecessor, this second edition

Discusses the formation, composition, properties and processing of the principal fossil and biofuels, ideal for graduate students and professionals.

Handbook of Refinery Desulfurization describes the operation of the various desulfurization process units in a petroleum refinery. It also explains the processes that produce raw materials for the petrochemical industry. It illustrates all the possible processes to lower the sulfur contents in petroleum and its fractions to decrease emissions of su

Highlighting the major economic and industrial changes in the lubrication industry since the first edition, Synthetics, Mineral Oils, and Bio-Based Lubricants, Second Edition outlines the state of the art in each major lubricant application area. Chapters cover trends in the major industries, such as the use of lubricant fluids, growth or decl

The demand for coal use (for electricity generation) and coal products, particularly liquid fuels and chemical feedstocks, is increasing throughout the world. Traditional markets such as North America and Europe are experiencing a steady increase in demand whereas emerging Asian markets, such as India and China, are witnessing a rapid surge in dema

Strong theoretical and practical knowledge of process control is essential for plant practicing engineers and operators. In addition being able to use control hardware and software appropriately, engineers must be able to select or write computer programs that interface the hardware and software required to run a plant effectively. Designed to help readers understand control software and strategies that mimic human activities, Fundamentals of Automatic Process Control provides an integrated introduction to the hardware and software of automatic control systems. Featured Topics Basic instruments, control systems, and symbolic representations Laplacian mathematics for applications in control systems Various disturbances and their effects on uncontrolled processes Feedback control loops and traditional PID controllers Laplacian analysis of control loops Tuning methods for PID controllers Advanced control systems Virtual laboratory software (included on CD-ROM) Modern plants require operators and engineers to have thorough knowledge of instrumentation hardware as well as good operating skills. This book explores the theoretical analysis of the process dynamics and control via a large number of problems and solutions spread throughout the text. This balanced presentation, coupled with coverage of traditional and advanced systems provides an understanding of industrial realities that prepares readers for the future evolution of industrial operations.