Over the last 40 years, poultry-meat production has undergone considerable expansion in much of the developed world. The industry has changed from an essentially farm-based operation to one where economies of scale in rearing and processing have led to a high degree of operational efficiency. As a sequel to these changes, however, there is now greater emphasis on product quality, rather than mere 'production at least cost'. Also, the more recent growth in further processed and 'value-added' convenience items has helped to maintain a buoyant market for poultry, and has shown that the industry can rapidly adapt to changing consumer needs and preferences. It is in the areas of primary processing and further-processed product development that the greatest technological changes have occurred within the industry. Processing, in particular, has become more mechanical, so that most stages in the production of oven-ready carcasses or cut-portions are now either semi-or fully-automated, thus reducing labcur costs and helping to maximise the speed and efficiency of the process. However, not all of the changes that have taken place have necessarily been in the best interests of maintaining product quality, e.g. in relation to meat tenderness and microbial contamina tion, and it is essential for any processor to understand fully the effects of processing on all aspects of meat quality, including the efficacy of possible control measures.

A two volume compilation, review and critique of the literature on biological trickling filter studies and related pollution abatement processes have been made. In the report, the literature review and critical analysis, is divided into: Introduction, definitions, history and background theory of the trickling filter process; Plant design, materials of construction, operation, maintenance and performance; Trickling filter research and development approaches, ecology, and patents, and Applications of trickling filter to specific industrial wastes. Based on the review, several general conclusions were drawn. There is no well-defined theory of design and operation. Much published work was redundant, and European efforts were not readily accepted in the United States, and vice versa. The literature reflects cycles of interest in trickling filters. The process is not applicable to all pollution problems, but its shock survival capabilities and rapid flow-through time are definite advantages which cannot be overlooked in any design of a waste treatment facility. In Vol. 2 a bibliography of 5,665 references relating to biological trickling filters studies is presented. Author references are listed in alphabetical sequence based upon the surname of the author. Anonymous articles are listed after the alphabetical author sequence, according to the alphabetical sequence of the journal, and chronologically within the journal.

Deals specifically with pollution problems of agro-industries, providing information that can be used to analyze and solve these problems. Presents a general description of the industrial process, the characteristics of the waste products, and the applicable waste treatment methods, including the expected performance and cost of the methods. Part 1 presents general discussions of pollution control approaches and an overview of problems and solutions. Part 2 provides details for making decisions pertaining to preliminary designs and evaluation.