This authoritative new resource provides a comprehensive introduction to plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), including critical discussions on energy storage and converter technology. The architecture and models for sustainable charging infrastructures and capacity planning of small scale fast charging stations are presented. This book considers PEVs as mobile storage units and explains how PEVS can provide services to the grid. Enabling technologies are explored, including energy storage, converter, and charger technologies for home and park charging. The adoption of EV is discussed and examples are given from the individual battery level to the city level. This book provides guidance on how to build and design sustainable transportation systems. Optimal arrival rates, optimal service rates, facility location problems, load balancing, and demand forecasts are covered in this book. Time-saving MATLAB code and background tables are included in this resource to help engineers with their projects in the field.

This book is a compilation of recent research on distributed optimization algorithms for the integral load management of plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) fleets and their potential services to the electricity system. It also includes detailed developed Matlab scripts. These algorithms can be implemented and extended to diverse applications where energy management is required (smart buildings, railways systems, task sharing in micro-grids, etc.). The proposed methodologies optimally manage PEV fleets’ charge and discharge schedules by applying classical optimization, game theory, and evolutionary game theory techniques. Taking owner’s requirements into consideration, these approaches provide services like load shifting, load balancing among phases of the system, reactive power supply, and task sharing among PEVs. The book is intended for use in graduate optimization and energy management courses, and readers are encouraged to test and adapt the scripts to their specific applications.

Vehicle-to-Grid: Linking Electric Vehicles to the Smart Grid provides an integrated treatment of smart grid using electric vehicles by exploring the connection between the stationary grid and PEV power storage. Plug-in electric and hybrid vehicles (PEVs) have the potential to provide substantial storage to a city's grid, a key component in mitigating intermittency issues of power sources. However the batteries of these vehicles also need to be charged at times for when their users need them. As a result, V2G (vehicle-to-grid) is becoming an important issue in the future grid. Topics covered include: - the impact of PEVs and V2G on smart grid and renewable energy systems - distributed energy resource with PEV battery energy storage in the smart grid - power conversion technology in smart grid and PEVs - power control and monitoring of smart grid with PEVs - PEV charging technologies and V2G on distributed energy resources - utility interfaces - economic, social and environmental dimensions of PEVs in the smart grid

The UN Climate Change Conference in Paris, with its key topics of global warming and deteriorating air quality, will speed up the advance of electric mobility. CO2-neutral and zero-emission mobility require electricity to be generated from regenerative sources of energy. Power generation from wind and solar energy, however is dependent on the weather and is therefore not stable. The irregularities that occur in nature can result in unacceptable voltage fluctuations in the power grid. For that reason, the availability of highly flexible loads and storage systems is becoming particularly important. Electric vehicles, with their grid-relevant properties as controllable power consumers and electricity storage systems, could help to stabilize future power grids.

This book outlines issues related to massive integration of electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles into power grids. Electricity is becoming the preferred energy vector for the next new generation of road vehicles. It is widely acknowledged that road vehicles based on full electric or hybrid drives can mitigate problems related to fossil fuel dependence. This book explains the emerging and understanding of storage systems for electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles. The recharging stations for these types of vehicles might represent a great advantage for the electric grid by facilitating integration of renewable and distributed energy production. This book presents a broad review from analyzing current literature to on-going research projects about the new power technologies related to the various charging architectures for electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles. Specifically focusing on DC fast charging operations, as well as, grid-connected power converters and the full range of energy storage systems. These key components are analyzed for distributed generation and charging system integration into micro-grids. The authors demonstrate that these storage systems represent effective interfaces for the control and management of renewable and sustainable distributed energy resources. New standards and applications are emerging from micro-grid pilot projects around the world and case studies demonstrate the convenience and feasibility of distributed energy management. The material in this unique volume discusses potential avenues for further research toward achieving more reliable, more secure and cleaner energy.

This book provides a basis for full integration of electric vehicles into the smart grid, through the use of ICT tools. It looks at transport and energy system modelling, simulation and optimisation processes; vehicle on-line optimal control, estimation and prediction; energy system strategic planning; and services such as smart charging.

Electric Vehicle Integration into Modern Power Networks provides coverage of the challenges and opportunities posed by the progressive integration of electric drive vehicles. Starting with a thorough overview of the current electric vehicle and battery state-of-the-art, this work describes dynamic software tools to assess the impacts resulting from the electric vehicles deployment on the steady state and dynamic operation of electricity grids, identifies strategies to mitigate them and the possibility to support simultaneously large-scale integration of renewable energy sources. New business models and control management architectures, as well as the communication infrastructure required to integrate electric vehicles as active demand are presented. Finally, regulatory issues of integrating electric vehicles into modern power systems are addressed. Inspired by two courses held under the EES-UETP umbrella in 2010 and 2011, this contributed volume consists of nine chapters written by leading researchers and professionals from the industry as well as academia.

The increase in air pollution and vehicular emissions has led to the development of the renewable energy-based generation and electrification of transportation. Further, the electrification shift faces an enormous challenge due to limited driving range, long charging time, and high initial cost of deployment. Firstly, there has been a discussion on renewable energy such as how wind power and solar power can be generated by wind turbines and photovoltaics, respectively, while these are intermittent in nature. The combination of these renewable energy resources with available power generation system will make electric vehicle (EV) charging sustainable and viable after the payback period. Recently, there has also been a significant discussion focused on various EV charging types and the level of power for charging to minimize the charging time. By focusing on both sustainable and renewable energy, as well as charging infrastructures and technologies, the future for EV can be explored. Developing Charging Infrastructure and Technologies for Electric Vehicles reviews and discusses the state of the art in electric vehicle charging technologies, their applications, economic, environmental, and social impact, and integration with renewable energy. This book captures the state of the art in electric vehicle charging infrastructure deployment, their applications, architectures, and relevant technologies. In addition, this book identifies potential research directions and technologies that facilitate insights on EV charging in various charging places such as smart home charging, parking EV charging, and charging stations. This book will be essential for power system architects, mechanics, electrical engineers, practitioners, developers, practitioners, researchers, academicians, and students interested in the problems and solutions to the state-of-the-art status of electric vehicles.

Electric Vehicle Integration in a Smart Microgrid Environment The growing demand for energy in today’s world, especially in the Middle East and Southeast Asia, has been met with massive exploitation of fossil fuels, resulting in an increase in environmental pollutants. In order to mitigate the issues arising from conventional internal combustion engine-powered vehicles, there has been a considerable acceleration in the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). Research has shown that the impact of fossil fuel use in transportation and surging demand in power owing to the growing EV charging infrastructure can potentially be minimalized by smart microgrids. As EVs find wider acceptance with major advancements in high efficiency drivetrain and vehicle design, it has become clear that there is a need for a system-level understanding of energy storage and management in a microgrid environment. Practical issues, such as fleet management, coordinated operation, repurposing of batteries, and environmental impact of recycling and disposal, need to be carefully studied in the context of an ageing grid infrastructure. This book explores such a perspective with contributions from leading experts on planning, analysis, optimization, and management of electrified transportation and the transportation infrastructure. The primary purpose of this book is to capture state-of-the-art development in smart microgrid management with EV integration and their applications. It also aims to identify potential research directions and technologies that will facilitate insight generation in various domains, from smart homes to smart cities, and within industry, business, and consumer applications. We expect the book to serve as a reference for a larger audience, including power system architects, practitioners, developers, new researchers, and graduate-level students, especially for emerging clean energy and transportation electrification sectors in the Middle East and Southeast Asia.

​This book defines and charts the barriers and future of vehicle-to-grid technology: a technology that could dramatically reduce emissions, create revenue, and accelerate the adoption of battery electric cars. This technology connects the electric power grid and the transportation system in ways that will enable electric vehicles to store renewable energy and offer valuable services to the electricity grid and its markets. To understand the complex features of this emergent technology, the authors explore the current status and prospect of vehicle-to-grid, and detail the sociotechnical barriers that may impede its fruitful deployment. The book concludes with a policy roadmap to advise decision-makers on how to optimally implement vehicle-to-grid and capture its benefits to society while attempting to avoid the impediments discussed earlier in the book.