"Physiology," which is the study of the function of cells, organs, and organisms, derives from the Latin physiologia, which in turn comes from the Greek physi- or physio-, a prefix meaning natural, and logos, meaning reason or thought. Thus physiology suggests natural science and is now a branch of biology dealing with processes and activities that are characteristic of living things. "Physicochemical" relates to physical and chemical properties, and "Environmental" refers to topics such as solar irradiation and wind. "Plant" indicates the main focus of this book, but the approach, equations developed, and appendices apply equalIy welI to animaIs and other organisms. We wilI specificalIy consider water relations, solute transport, photosynthesis, transpiration, respiration, and environmental interactions. A physiologist endeavors to understand such topics in physical and chemical terms; accurate models can then be constructed and responses to the internal and the external environment can be predicted. Elementary chemistry, physics, and mathematics are used to develop concepts that are key to under-standing biology -the intent is to provide a rigorous development, not a compendium of facts. References provide further details, although in some cases the enunciated principIes carry the reader to the forefront of current research. Calculations are used to indicate the physiological consequences of the various equations, and problems at the end of chapters provide further such exercises. Solutions to alI of the problems are provided, and the appendixes have a large tist of values for constants and conversion factors at various temperatures.

The new edition of Physicochemical and Environmental Plant Physiology uses elementary chemistry, physics, and mathematics to explain and develop key concepts in plant physiology. In fundamental ways, all physiological processes that occur in cells, tissues, organs, and organisms obey such relations. Topics include diffusion, membranes, water relations, ion transport, photochemistry, bioenergetics of energy conversion, photosynthesis, environmental influences on plant temperature, and gas exchange for leaves and whole plants. This new edition maintains the unparalleled commitment to clear presentation and improves upon the user friendliness of the previous versions. - All illustrations have been redrawn, many in two-color - New material includes: 14 new figures, 100 new references, 20 new equations and considerable new and revised text - Extensive cross-referencing with a simpler system for chapter sections and subsections - Easy-to-use format including major equations being presented at the beginning of each chapter, and calculations presented outside of the chapter text

Physicochemical and Environmental Plant Physiology, Fifth Edition, is the updated version of an established and successful text and reference for plant scientists. This work represents the seventh book in a 50-year series by Park Nobel beginning in 1970. The original structure and philosophy of the book continue in this new edition, providing a genuine synthesis of modern physicochemical and physiological thinking, while updating the content. Key concepts in plant physiology are developed with the use of chemistry, physics, and mathematics fundamentals.The book contains plant physiology basics while also including many equations and often their derivation to quantify the processes and explain why certain effects and pathways occur, helping readers to broaden their knowledge base. New topics included in this edition are advances in plant hydraulics, other plant–water relations, and the effects of climate change on plants. This series continues to be the gold standard in environmental plant physiology. - Describes the chemical and the physical principles behind plant physiological processes - Provides key equations for each chapter and solutions for the problems on each topic - Includes features that enhances the utility of the book for self-study such as problems after each chapter and the 45-page section "Solution to Problems" at the end of the book - Includes appendices with conversation factors, constants/coefficients, abbreviations, and symbols New to this edition: - The scientific fields and the nationalities of the more than 115 scientists mentioned in the book, providing a nice personal touch - While adding over 100 new or updated references, reference of special importance historically are retained, showing how science has advanced over the ages - The often challenging problems at the end of each chapter provide an important test of the mastery of the topics covered. Moreover, the solutions to the problems are presented in detail at the end of the book. The book can thus be used in courses but also especially useful for students or other persons studying this often difficult material on their own - Finally and most important, the fifth edition continues the emphasis of a quantitative approach begun fifty years ago by Park Nobel (1970) with the publication of his first book in the series. Over the next fifty years from 1970 to 2020, the author has gained considerable experience on how to present quantitative and often abstract material to students. This edition is most likely the final version in the series, which not only covers some of his unique contributions but also has helped countless students and colleagues appreciate the power and insight gained into biology from calculations!

Physicochemical and Environmental Plant Physiology, Fourth Edition, is the updated version of an established and successful reference for plant scientists. The author has taken into consideration extensive reviews performed by colleagues and students who have touted this book as the ultimate reference for research and learning.The original structure and philosophy of the book continue in this new edition, providing a genuine synthesis of modern physicochemical and physiological thinking, while entirely updating the detailed content. This version contains more than 40% new coverage; five brand new equations and four new tables, with updates to 24 equations and six tables; and 30 new figures have been added with more than three-quarters of figures and legends improved. Key concepts in plant physiology are developed with the use of chemistry, physics, and mathematics fundamentals.The book is organized so that a student has easy access to locate any biophysical phenomenon in which he or she is interested. - More than 40% new coverage - Incorporates student-recommended changes from the previous edition Five brand new equations and four new tables, with updates to 24 equations and six tables 30 new figures added with more than three-quarters of figures and legends improved Organized so that a student has easy access to locate any biophysical phenomenon in which he or she is interested Per-chapter key equation tables Problems with solutions presented in the back of the book Appendices with conversion factors, constants/coefficients, abbreviations and symbols

A STUDY OF PLANTS-CLIMATE AND THE IMPACTS OF CHANGE UPON VEGETATION.

Cells and difusion. Cell structure. Diffusion. Membrane structure. Membrane permeability. Cell walls. Problems. Water. Physical properties. Chemical potential. Central vacuole and chloroplasts. Water potential and plant cells. Chemical potential of ions. Fluxes and diffusion potentials. Active transport. Principles of irreversible thermodynamics. Solute movement across membranes. Light. Wavelength and energy. Absorption of light by molecules. De-excitation. Absorption spectra and action spectra. Photochemistry of photosynthesis. Chlorophyll -- Chemistry and spectra. Other photosynthetic pigments. Electron flow. Bioenergetics. Gibbs free energy. Biological energy currencies. Chloroplast bioenergetics. Energy flow in the biosphere. Temperature. Energy budget -- radiation. Wind -- heat conduction and convection. Latent heat -- transpiration. Soil. Further examples of energy budgets. Leaves and fluxes. Resistances and conductances -- transpiration. Water vapor fluxes accompanying transpiration. CO2 conductances and resistances. CO2 fluxes accompanying photosyntesis. Water use efficiency. Plants and fluxes. Gas fluxes above the leaf canopy. Gas fluxes within plant communities. Soil. Water movement in the xylem and phloem. The soil-plant-atmosphere continuum.

Accompanying CD-ROM includes 600 figures, tables and color plates from the book Plants in action which can be used for the production of color transparencies or for projections in lectures.

This textbook is second edition of popular textbook of plant physiology and metabolism. The first edition of this book gained noteworthy acceptance (more than 4.9 Million downloads) among graduate and masters level students and faculty world over, with many Universities recommending it as a preferred reading in their syllabi. The second edition provides up to date and latest information on all the topics covered while also including the basic concepts. The text is supported with clear, easy to understand Figures, Tables, Box items, summaries, perspectives, thought-provoking multiple-choice questions, latest references for further reading, glossary and a detailed subject index. Authors have also added a number of key concepts, discoveries in the form of boxed- items in each chapter. Plant physiology deals with understanding the various processes, functioning, growth, development and survival of plants in normal and stressful conditions. The study involves analysis of the above-stated processes at molecular, sub-cellular, cellular, tissue and plant level in relation with its surrounding environment. Plant physiology is an experimental science, and its concepts are very rapidly changing through applications from chemical biology, cytochemical, fluorometric, biochemical and molecular techniques, and metabolomic and proteomic analysis. Consequently, this branch of modern plant biology has experienced significant generation of new information in most areas. The newer concepts so derived are being also rapidly put into applications in crop physiology. Novel molecules, such nanourea, nitric oxide, gaseous signalling molecules like hydrogen sulphide, are rapidly finding significant applications among crop plants. This textbook, therefore, brings forth an inclusive coverage of the field contained in 35 chapters, divided into five major units. It serves as essential reading material for post-graduate and undergraduate students of botany, plant sciences, plant physiology, agriculture, forestry, ecology, soil science, and environmental sciences. This textbook is also of interest to teachers, researchers, scientists, and policymakers.

This book provides current information on synthesis of plant hormones, how their concentrations are regulated, and how they modulate various plant processes. It details how plants sense and tolerate such factors as drought, salinity, and cold temperature, factors that limit plant productivity on earth. It also explains how plants sense two other environmental signals, light and gravity, and modify their developmental patterns in response to those signals. This book takes the reader from basic concepts to the most up-to-date thinking on these topics. * Provides clear synthesis and review of hormonal and environmental regulation of plant growth and development * Contains more than 600 illustrations supplementary information on techniques and/or related topics of interest * Single-authored text provides uniformity of presentation and integration of the subject matter * References listed alphabetically in each section