Philosophical Foundation argues for clarity over and against meaning-lessness, which is implicit in various forms of skepticism and fideism. Throughout the book, critical analysis is applied to unexamined assumption in the areas of metaphysics and ethics in order to address long-standing disputes. The basic beliefs of western naturalism, eastern idealism, Greek dualism, post-modern anti-realism, and classical theism are incisively analyzed by reason for their coherence of meaning. Those who have questions about knowledge and certainty, faith and reason, the existence of God and the problem of evil, will find critical insight throughout this study in its use of presuppositional thinking. Book jacket.

Arguments are clearly presented, and rival theories are presented with fairness and accuracy."--BOOK JACKET.

Writing from a scientifically and philosophically informed perspective, the authors provide a critical overview of the conceptual difficulties encountered in many current neuroscientific and psychological theories.

This is a comprehensive and critical analysis of the philosophical foundations of adult education. Six major systems of educational thought -- liberal education, progressivism, behaviorism, humanistic education, radicalism, and conceptual analysis -- provide the framework for an examination of the views of prominent adult educators and major programs in adult education. This much-needed work contributes to our understanding of the personalities, issues, and programs in the field of education; it also stimulates readers to clarify their own personal philosophy of education. A bibliographic essay presents the developments in each of the six systems over the past 15 years. Three major areas -- phenomenology, critical theory, and feminist theory -- are discussed within this framework.

From The Dawn Of Civilization, Man Has Been Marching In Search Of Wisdom. Various Experiments Are Projected Through Education, So That Humanity, Happiness And Harmony Be Wedded Together. Education Is Indispensable For Making Life And Living Meaningful And Purposive. Its Significance Cannot Be Fully Appreciated Unless It Is Looked At In Proper Perspectives Philosophical, Sociological And Psychological.The Philosophical Perspectives Provide The Basis Of Education In Terms Of Values, Aims And Objectives. Without A Philosophical Basis, Education Tends To Lose Its Direction. In Addition, Philosophy Provides A Framework Within Which Education And Educational Problems Can Be Discussed. Above All, The Nature Of Decisions Is Significantly Determined By Philosophy And Education. A Philosophy Of Education Is Often Adequate To Make Immediate Resolution To Conflicts. Thus, Philosophy Of Education Is A Comprehensive Area Of Knowledge With An Interdisciplinary Approach.Keeping In View The Significant Bearing Of Philosophical Basis Of Education On Life And Society, The Present Book Philosophical Foundation Of Education Has Been Written. It Is An In-Depth Study Of All The Aspects Related To Education. Beginning With The Philosophical Foundation Of Education, The Book Analytically Discusses Education In Relation To Issues Of Human Values, Freedom And Discipline, Peace And Democracy And Its Application In Classroom Teaching. It Also Acquaints The Readers With The Indian Philosophy Of Education. Apart From These, It Analytically Presents The Aims, Creativity, Role And Human Factors Of Education. Here, The Indian Standard Of Education Has Been Particularly Studied.It Is Hoped That The Present Book Will Prove Immensely Useful For The Students And Teachers Of Both Education And Philosophy. Even The General Readers Will Find It Highly Informative.

This textbook presents a range of classical philosophical approaches in order to show that they are unsuitable as a foundation for human rights. Only the conception of human dignity –based on the Kantian distinction between price and dignity – can provide a sufficient basis. The derivation of human rights from the principle of human dignity allows us to identify the most crucial characteristic of human rights, namely the protection of personhood. This in turn makes it possible (1) to distinguish between real moral human rights and spurious ones, (2) to assess the scope of protection for many codified human rights according to the criteria of “core” and “yard,” and (3) offers a point of departure for creating new, unwritten human rights. This philosophical basis supports a substantial reassessment of the case law on human rights, which will ultimately allow us to improve it with regard to legal certainty, clarity and cogency. The textbook is primarily intended for advanced law students who are interested in a deeper understanding of human rights. It is also suitable for humanities students, and for anyone in the political or social arena whose work involves human rights and their enforcement. Each chapter is divided into four parts: Abstracts, Lecture, Recommended Reading, and Questions to check reader comprehension. Sample answers are included at the end of the book.

Presenting breadth and depth of coverage in a highly readable style, the 8th edition of this popular survey text again provides balanced treatment of all the major schools of thought about education. The authors address how philosophical ideas about education developed over time arranging their coverage in chronological order and pay close attention to historical context, while emphasizing each philosophy' s continuing relevance to education today. For each philosophy, they show its application in aims, curriculum, methods, and teaching. Additionally, they critically assess each philosophy, and examine how numerous other scholars view it. The new edition now offers a greater emphasis on women and minorities such as Montessori, De Beauvoir, Greene, DeBois, King, and West.

Philosophy has a strong presence in evidence law and the nature of evidence is a highly debated topic in both general and social epistemology; legal theorists working in the evidence law area draw on different underlying philosophical theories of knowledge, inference and probability. Core evidentiary concepts and principles, such as the presumption of innocence, standards of proof, and others, reply on moral and political philosophy for their understanding and interpretation. Written by leading scholars across the globe, this volume brings together philosophical debates on the nature and function of evidence, proof, and law of evidence. It presents a cross-disciplinary overview of central issues in the theory and methodology of legal evidence and covers a wide range of contemporary debates on topics such as truth, proof, economics, gender, and race. The volume covers different theoretical approaches to legal evidence, including the Bayesian approach, scenario theory and inference to the best explanation. Divided in to five parts, Philosophical Foundations of Evidence Law, covers different theoretical approaches to legal evidence, including the Bayesian approach, scenario theory and inference to the best explanation.

Structured around major movements in world history, the lives of leading educators, and the philosophies and ideologies that resulted from their ideas, Historical and Philosophical Foundations of Education: A Biographical Introduction, Fifth Edition provides a clear interdisciplinary exploration of the development of educational ideas. The author takes a global perspective on the history and philosophy of education, capturing the essence of educational evolution through the biographies of 23 theorists, philosophers, and educators. This biographical focus, combined with an introductory presentation of the inherent connections between education's major movements and its primary movers, helps students better understand the social and historical conditions that have informed today's educational arena.

The second edition of the seminal work in the field—revised, updated, and extended In Philosophical Foundations of Neuroscience, M.R. Bennett and P.M.S. Hacker outline and address the conceptual confusions encountered in various neuroscientific and psychological theories. The result of a collaboration between an esteemed philosopher and a distinguished neuroscientist, this remarkable volume presents an interdisciplinary critique of many of the neuroscientific and psychological foundations of modern cognitive neuroscience. The authors point out conceptual entanglements in a broad range of major neuroscientific and psychological theories—including those of such neuroscientists as Blakemore, Crick, Damasio, Dehaene, Edelman, Gazzaniga, Kandel, Kosslyn, LeDoux, Libet, Penrose, Posner, Raichle and Tononi, as well as psychologists such as Baar, Frith, Glynn, Gregory, William James, Weiskrantz, and biologists such as Dawkins, Humphreys, and Young. Confusions arising from the work of philosophers such as Dennett, Chalmers, Churchland, Nagel and Searle are subjected to detailed criticism. These criticisms are complemented by constructive analyses of the major cognitive, cogitative, emotional and volitional attributes that lie at the heart of cognitive neuroscientific research. Now in its second edition, this groundbreaking work has been exhaustively revised and updated to address current issues and critiques. New discussions offer insight into functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the notions of information and representation, conflict monitoring and the executive, minimal states of consciousness, integrated information theory and global workspace theory. The authors also reply to criticisms of the fundamental arguments posed in the first edition, defending their conclusions regarding mereological fallacy, the necessity of distinguishing between empirical and conceptual questions, the mind-body problem, and more. Essential as both a comprehensive reference work and as an up-to-date critical review of cognitive neuroscience, this landmark volume: Provides a scientifically and philosophically informed survey of the conceptual problems in a wide variety of neuroscientific theories Offers a clear and accessible presentation of the subject, minimizing the use of complex philosophical and scientific jargon Discusses how the ways the brain relates to the mind affect the intelligibility of neuroscientific research Includes fresh insights on mind-body and mind-brain relations, and on the relation between the notion of person and human being Features more than 100 new pages and a wealth of additional diagrams, charts, and tables Continuing to challenge and educate readers like no other book on the subject, the second edition of Philosophical Foundations of Neuroscience is required reading not only for neuroscientists, psychologists, and philosophers, but also for academics, researchers, and students involved in the study of the mind and consciousness.