Pharmacologic options have exploded in recent years, forcing updates and creation of guidelines for their use in a near-simultaneous manner. While some nurses may encounter these new medications at the bedside, drugs with little or no indications in specific arenas may remain unknown to the nurse practicing in a specialized area. This issue of Nursing Clinics of North America offers a broad review of current pharmacologic therapy. Bedside applications (e.g., electronic apps) offering real-time information and updates for clinicians will be highlighted throughout the issue.

This issue of Medical Clinics of North America, guest edited by Drs. Douglas Paauw and Kim O'Connor, is devoted to Pharmacologic Therapy. Articles in this issue include: Pharmacologic Therapies for Autoimmune and Rheumatologic Conditions; Pharmacologic Therapies for Ophthalmologic Conditions; Pharmacologic Therapies for Neurologic Conditions; Pharmacologic Therapies for Cardiac Conditions; Pharmacologic Therapies in Men’s Health; Pharmacologic Therapies in Anticoagulation; Pharmacologic Therapies in Women’s Health: Menopause Treatment and Contraception; Pharmacologic Therapies in GI disease; Pharmacologic Therapies in Pulmonology and Allergy; Pharmacologic Therapies for Substance Abuse; Pharmacologic Therapies in Infectious Disease; Pharmacologic Therapies for HIV; Pharmacologic Therapies in Type 2 DM; Pharmacologic Therapies in Musculoskeletal Conditions; and Osteoporosis Treatment.

Nurses are challenged to understand the scientific bases of psychiatric disorders and treatment implications that modify behavior and improve functional status and quality of life for clients and their significant others. This challenge extends to integration of scientific knowledge into the biological, functional, and psychosocial distress experienced by persons with mental disorders. The primary strength of this issue is its broad focus and synthesis of scientific knowledge into psychiatric mental health practice. The initial section centers on technological advances and the art of psychiatric mental health nursing and legal considerations when caring for persons with mental disorders. The following section provides discussions of various psychiatric disorders, including anxiety and mood disorders, acute psychosis, attention deficit disorders, substance-related disorders, eating disorders, and borderline personality disorder. The remaining section focuses on special populations and treatment concerning children and adolescents and families in crisis, geriatric emergencies, adverse drug reactions, and suicide. Each article integrates innovative treatment modalities, including pharmacotherapy and psychotherapeutic interventions such as psychoeducation, family involvement, and psychosocial rehabilitation. This issue will provide timely updates in these areas and be a go-to source for mental health and psychiatric nurses.

According to the Center for Research and Epidemiology of Disasters, the frequency and severity of disasters has increased over 300% in the last decade. Healthcare systems and individual healthcare practitioners, including nurses, are now fulfilling multiple roles in disaster preparedness in the whole of community: planning, preparedness, risk identification, mitigation, response and recovery. Nurses are considered first responders for biological events or when the disaster occurs where they are working. Nurses act as first receivers when accepting patients/victims for care whose injuries result from non-biological events occurring outside the nurse’s workplace. The vast majority of practicing nurses received no disaster preparedness education in their basic nursing education program. Nurses graduating in the 21st century are exposed to some of the concepts of disaster nursing but have little experience unless there is a disaster or emergency where they work or go to school. Readers will be updated on this topic because articles in this edition demonstrate a vast array of implications for nurses in disaster preparedness around the world: chemical, biological, radiological/nuclear, explosives (CBRNE); natural disasters; new models of training and educating nurses for disasters, military nurse response, mental health issues as well as non-government organizations.

Nursing is an evolving profession that requires continued knowledge updates in formulating a foundation for practice. In order to promote patient safety and satisfaction, it is imperative that nurses monitor publications and increase their knowledge base. Each patient is different; each care management situation requires an individualized plan of care. These require the nurse to develop a personal framework for practice that continually develops from this information. This mandates an evolving knowledge base which this edition will supply for nurses who work to deliver care that is research based and protocol driven. This issue of Nursing Clinics will be both timely and relevant as it will combine two clearly important topics for nurses in care management, pathophysiological updates as well as research based protocols that are important to continuity of validated evidence based care delivery. This will give nurses across organizations the opportunity to see care from a perspective of patient wholeness and not truncate care in order to address total components. With care reimbursement dependent on outcomes, it is important for the nurse to see care as a continuum and not finite. This issue will give nurses this perspective.

This issue of Anesthesiology Clinics focuses on Pharmacology. Editor Alan Kaye has assembled an expert team of authors on topics such as: Ketorolac, Oxymorphone and Tapentadol; Anticoagulation and Neuraxial/Peripheral Anesthesia; Pharmacologic Update on Antiemetics: Total parenteral nutrition/enteral nutrition in the ICU, Evolving Concepts; Reversal of Anticoagulants and Anesthesia Considerations; Non-opioids Intravenous or Oral Analgesics for Perioperative Pain Management, Update; Uterotonic Medications and Anesthesia Considerations: oxytocin, misoprostol, methylergonovine, carboprost; Pulmonary Vascular Mediating Drugs, Evolving Concepts; Alpha 2 Modulators and Anesthesia Considerations; Pharmacologic Considerations of Anesthetic Agents in the Obese Patient; Pharmacologic Considerations of Anesthetic Agents in the Geriatric Patient; Pharmacologic Considerations of Anesthetic Agents in the Pediatric Patient; Anesthesia CV Drug Update; Pharmacogenomics: Anesthesia; Pharmacogenomics: Pain; Novel anticoagulants; Novel anesthetic agents; Novel opioids; Pharmacology of Newer Local anesthetics; Pharmacology of Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory and Steroid Medications. Implications for Anesthesia or Unique Associated Risks; Pharmacology of Octreotide. Implications for Anesthesia and Associated Risks.

Previous edition has subtitle: "a nursing process approach."

This issue will address health care issues and clinical implications of rural and other medically underserved priority populations. The Agency for Health Care Research and Quality identified priority populations to include rural residents, racial and ethnic minorities, low income groups, women, children, older adults, and other individuals who may require chronic care. The editors identified a need for articles focusing on priority populations to help further understand health implications of health disparities among specific populations. A main focus is on identifying useful clinically focused strategies to address racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic differences that are relevant and influence overall healthcare, access, and quality of life. The articles will provide clinicians and other consumers of Nursing Clinics of North America with a diverse and unique perspective on an array of clinically relevant and population focused topics. Some example topics included are: Tailoring interactive multimedia to improve diabetes self- management; Addressing mental and physical health among older adults; Using mobile devices to access evidence- based information in a rural setting; Identifying family history and development of risk factors for diabetes among underserved preschool children; Addressing smoking cessation, Cancer screening issues, Cardiovascular health, and Obesity.

The Guest Editors have secured top experts in the area of palliative care to write current and clinically relevant articles. Articles in this issue are devoted to: Caring for LGBT Populations; Integrating Palliative Care into Primary Care; Pain Management in the Cognitively Impaired; Pain Management in the Client with Substance Use Disorder; Rituals at End of Life; Death Bed Phenomena; Family Care During End of Life; Palliative Wound Care; Pet-Assisted Therapy in Palliative Care; Palliative Sedation: State of the Science. Readers will come away with the updated information they need to provide state-of-the-art palliative care to their patients.

Critical care units are high-risk areas which contribute to increased health care costs and increased patient morbidity and mortality. Patients in critical care units are commonly confronted with existing and the potential to develop infections. Critical care practitioners play a crucial role as initial providers to critically ill patients with infections through the delivery of timely and appropriate therapies aimed to prevent and treat patient infections. The responsibility of critical care practitioners include prudent delivery of care to treat current infections as well as ensuring the delivery of care does not increase the development of new infections. Aggressive infection control measures are needed to reduce infections in critical care settings. Dissemination of scholarly work on the topic of infection in critically ill patients can play a role in improving patient outcomes. The information provided on infections in this issue of Critical Care Nursing Clinics promotes the dissemination of current literature on a series of timely and relevant infection topics in critical care environments.