This book reviews the brilliant progress made in the past three decades in clinical outcomes for osteosarcoma patients treated with a multidisciplinary approach, including limb-salvage surgery combined with neoadjuvant multidrug chemotherapy and aggressive management of pulmonary metastasis. Osteosarcoma was a miserable disease for adolescents and young adults until the early 1970s, with a survival rate that was less than 10–15% even after amputation for affected limbs because of the progression of pulmonary metastasis. With the development of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for osteosarcoma, including high-dose methotrexate, doxorubicin, cisplatin, and ifosfamide during the late 1970s and the 1980s, however, the prognosis has dramatically improved. Limb-salvage surgery for patients with extremity osteosarcoma is now a gold-standard surgical procedure for more than 90% of patients with localized disease. Additionally, aggressive pulmonary metastasectomy for patients with lung metastasis from osteosarcoma has contributed to improvement of their survival. More recently, carbon-ion radiotherapy has also been introduced for patients with unresectable osteosarcoma of the trunk, as in the spine and pelvis. In this volume the author provides valuable descriptions of an important new treatment modality for a multidisciplinary approach for osteosarcoma patients.

This thoroughly revised second edition is an up-to-date overview of the new advances in the knowledge of the basic science in sarcoma and osteosarcoma. It features detailed, in-depth discussions of microRNAs in osteosarcoma, historical perspectives of chemotherapy in the treatment of the disease, tumor targeted IL12 therapy and HER2 targeted therapy, the role of enhancer elements in regulating the prometastatic transcriptional program and more. Further, this essential volume also includes new insights on Wnt signaling in osteosarcoma, the role of genomics, genetically modified T-cell therapy, liquid biopsy, oncolytic viruses, immunophenotyping, receptor tyrosine kinases and epigenetic-focused approaches for treatment of osteosarcoma metastases, as well as thoughts on the current standard of treatment for patients suffering from these cancers. In the years since the previous edition, there have been numerous new developments in this rapidly changing field; this new edition is both timely and urgently needed. When taken together these companion volumes, Current Clinical (Book 1) and Scientific (Book 2) Advances in Osteosarcoma, are a timely and urgently needed guide for laboratory investigators and clinical oncologists.

Current Advances in Osteosarcoma edited by Dr. Eugenie S. Kleinerman summarizes molecular and genetic characteristics, new therapeutic ideas, and biological characteristics that have been uncovered in the past 10 years. Osteosarcoma is an aggressive malignant neoplasm and it is also the most common histological form of bone cancer. It accounts for approximately 56% of new bone tumors, making it the most primary malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. The lungs are the most common site of metastases and once osteosarcoma spreads to the lungs, it is very difficult to treat. To improve the outcome of this disease, the biology of osteosarcoma needs to be better understood. There are numerous investigators around the world who have made seminal discoveries about the important molecular pathways and genetic alterations that contribute to the development and metastases of osteosarcoma. Other investigators have proposed novel therapeutic strategies including some based on the molecular and genetic phenotype of the disease. Current Advances in Osteosarcoma summarizes all of these new discoveries in one singular text, which will help move the field forward.

Pediatric and Adolescent Osteosarcoma provides a historical review of the nature of osteosarcoma and the conflict that accompanied the introduction of adjuvant therapy for osteosarcoma culminating in accepted and prevailing methods of current therapy. It outlines concepts in Epidemiology and Etiology, and provides chapters on pathology and radiologic characteristics of osteosarcoma, surgical therapy tailored specifically for treatment of primary tumors in pediatric/adolescent age group, treatment of pulmonary and extra pulmonary metastases and complications, as well as the role of radiation therapy. The volume concludes with a review of differences and similarities in the management of osteosarcoma in adults as compared to pediatrics / adolescents and new laboratory and animal investigations currently in progress to develop effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to improve the outcome. In essence the scope and intensive coverage of the book provides a historical perspective of the advances made over the past 30 years and emerging concepts and prospects for new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This is based upon past experiences and new discoveries. It also provides a unique opportunity for pediatric and adult medical oncologists, physicians in training, orthopedic surgeons, pathologists, radiologists, radiotherapists, oncology nurses and allied professionals involved in the care of pediatric/adolescent patients with osteosarcoma to become acquainted with prevailing methods of treatment and new and evolving concepts and developments.

The “world” of soft tissue sarcomas is a highly complex one, due to the large range of tumor types, each of which is characterized by specific features in terms of its epidemiology, pathology diagnosis, clinical behavior, therapy and biomarker pattern (of both diagnostic and therapeutic value). This book offers a practical, clearly structured reference guide, covering all of these aspects for each soft tissue tumor. Thanks to the consistent and user-friendly format, readers can quickly and easily find the information they need; in addition, up-to-date and authoritative literature information helps them to pursue further research. Overall, this book offers professionals and residents in the fields of oncology, surgery, and pathology an essential guide for study, review, and everyday clinical practice.

Osteosarcoma in Adolescents and Young Adults: New Developments and Controversies is the fifth volume in the series `Cancer Treatment, and Research' devoted to pediatric oncology. Like its immediate predecessor, Hodgkin's Disease in Children: Controversies and Current Practice, this volume also deals with the current state of affairs: where do researchers differ in opinions or firmly held beliefs? What does the future hold for research or for the patients who have benefited from research and are now cured? etc. The first part deals with preclinical and clinical issues that relate to the disease and the second part deals with the results of recent trials and in some cases ongoing trials. It could be argued that section B Pharmacology, Section D Radiotherapy and Section E Surgery of part one belong to part two; however in these sections we have tried to focus on one discipline and in part two, we have tried to focus on the results of multidisciplinary trials. A third part includes a few critiques and editorial comments. This volume was prepared and planned for both basic and clinical oncologists. It is hoped that the basic scientists will gain some insight into the problems of their clinical colleagues and that the clinicians will be willing to read to the more basic articles. It is not a text for students (or for that matter physicians) who want all things to be laid out in `black and white'. But it is a text for those students who want to know how vibrant this field of research is and are willing to stand in awe of how much research needs to be done.

This book reflects the experience of the Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute during more than 100 years of treatment of musculoskeletal tumor and tumorlike lesions. It presents a wide range of lesions from a multidisciplinary perspective, highlighting pertinent clinical, radiological, and histological correlations. Treatment is briefly reported for each entity. In addition, the more recent biomolecular findings of use for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment are carefully analyzed. The Rizzoli case archive spans more than a century, the first treated case dating back to 28 September 1900, and contains the original material – clinical charts, imaging, paraffin blocks, and histological slides – of more than 40,000 cases, including about 29,000 bone lesions and 11,000 soft tissue lesions. This book reports the most relevant entities and reflects the improvements in knowledge of musculoskeletal tumors as presented during the yearly international course held at the Rizzoli Institute.​

This book is titled Osteosarcoma - Diagnosis, Mechanisms, and Translational Developments, and focuses on recent advancements and novel ideas in osteosarcoma research. In a manner of speaking, we have taken the multidisciplinary mindset essential for treating osteosarcoma and broadened it to include other areas of cancer research. By learning from gains in other areas of oncology, such as new lncRNAs, the understanding of cancer metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation, and new chemotherapy agents, we can apply them to the niche of osteosarcoma for treatment development. By drawing more attention to these novel and clever discoveries, we hope to continue this enthusiasm for advancements in basic and translational research in the field of osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor and mainly affects children, adolescents, and young adults. Osteosarcoma shows significant genetic instability, resulting in very complex biology with multifaceted cellular and molecular mechanisms and behavior. Although clinical outcomes, both prognostic and functional, of osteosarcoma dramatically improved in the 1980s, the prognoses of the patients with relapsed and/or metastatic disease remained very poor in spite of our continuous efforts to overcome this difficulty. This book aims to delve into the current advances of basic and clinical sciences in osteosarcoma that are guiding the future directions of its research and clinical practice. The knowledge presented here will lead to further inspiration, ideas, and novel insights into the field of osteosarcoma research. Hopefully, this work will foster improvement of the prognosis for patients suffering from the disease.

This text provides a comprehensive overview of orthopaedic oncology – the field of orthopaedic surgery that specializes in the evaluation and treatment of bone and soft tissue tumors of the musculoskeletal system. The opening chapters cover musculoskeletal imaging interpretation and the principles of musculoskeletal biopsy. Assessment and treatment of the full range of tumors are then described in a series of well-illustrated chapters. Detailed consideration is given to benign tumors, osteosarcomas, Ewing sarcomas, chondrosarcomas, metastatic bone disease of the axial and appendicular skeleton, and soft tissue sarcomas. This book will be invaluable for both orthopaedic surgeons and medical oncologists, providing a framework for understanding the fundamentals of these tumors and a sound basis for their treatment.