The authors give a comprehensive treatment of the parabolic Signorini problem based on a generalization of Almgren's monotonicity of the frequency. This includes the proof of the optimal regularity of solutions, classification of free boundary points, the regularity of the regular set and the structure of the singular set.

We give a comprehensive treatment of the parabolic Signorini problem based on a generalization of Almgren's monotonicity of the frequency. This includes the proof of the optimal regularity of solutions, classification of free boundary points, the regularity of the regular set and the structure of the singular set.

The regularity theory of free boundaries flourished during the late 1970s and early 1980s and had a major impact in several areas of mathematics, mathematical physics, and industrial mathematics, as well as in applications. Since then the theory continued to evolve. Numerous new ideas, techniques, and methods have been developed, and challenging new problems in applications have arisen. The main intention of the authors of this book is to give a coherent introduction to the study of the regularity properties of free boundaries for a particular type of problems, known as obstacle-type problems. The emphasis is on the methods developed in the past two decades. The topics include optimal regularity, nondegeneracy, rescalings and blowups, classification of global solutions, several types of monotonicity formulas, Lipschitz, $C^1$, as well as higher regularity of the free boundary, structure of the singular set, touch of the free and fixed boundaries, and more. The book is based on lecture notes for the courses and mini-courses given by the authors at various locations and should be accessible to advanced graduate students and researchers in analysis and partial differential equations.

Highlighting the latest advances in nonparametric and semiparametric statistics, this book gathers selected peer-reviewed contributions presented at the 4th Conference of the International Society for Nonparametric Statistics (ISNPS), held in Salerno, Italy, on June 11-15, 2018. It covers theory, methodology, applications and computational aspects, addressing topics such as nonparametric curve estimation, regression smoothing, models for time series and more generally dependent data, varying coefficient models, symmetry testing, robust estimation, and rank-based methods for factorial design. It also discusses nonparametric and permutation solutions for several different types of data, including ordinal data, spatial data, survival data and the joint modeling of both longitudinal and time-to-event data, permutation and resampling techniques, and practical applications of nonparametric statistics. The International Society for Nonparametric Statistics is a unique global organization, and its international conferences are intended to foster the exchange of ideas and the latest advances and trends among researchers from around the world and to develop and disseminate nonparametric statistics knowledge. The ISNPS 2018 conference in Salerno was organized with the support of the American Statistical Association, the Institute of Mathematical Statistics, the Bernoulli Society for Mathematical Statistics and Probability, the Journal of Nonparametric Statistics and the University of Salerno.

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The issue of regularity has played a central role in the theory of Partial Differential Equations almost since its inception, and despite the tremendous advances made it still remains a very fruitful research field. In particular considerable strides have been made in regularity estimates for degenerate and singular elliptic and parabolic equations over the last several years, and in many unexpected and challenging directions. Because of all these recent results, it seemed high time to create an overview that would highlight emerging trends and issues in this fascinating research topic in a proper and effective way. The course aimed to show the deep connections between these topics and to open new research directions through the contributions of leading experts in all of these fields.

This volume contains the proceedings of the AMS Special Session on New Developments in the Analysis of Nonlocal Operators, held from October 28–30, 2016, at the University of St. Thomas, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Over the last decade there has been a resurgence of interest in problems involving nonlocal operators, motivated by applications in many areas such as analysis, geometry, and stochastic processes. Problems represented in this volume include uniqueness for weak solutions to abstract parabolic equations with fractional time derivatives, the behavior of the one-phase Bernoulli-type free boundary near a fixed boundary and its relation to a Signorini-type problem, connections between fractional powers of the spherical Laplacian and zeta functions from the analytic number theory and differential geometry, and obstacle problems for a class of not stable-like nonlocal operators for asset price models widely used in mathematical finance. The volume also features a comprehensive introduction to various aspects of the fractional Laplacian, with many historical remarks and an extensive list of references, suitable for beginners and more seasoned researchers alike.

This paper is concerned with a complete asymptotic analysis as $E \to 0$ of the Munk equation $\partial _x\psi -E \Delta ^2 \psi = \tau $ in a domain $\Omega \subset \mathbf R^2$, supplemented with boundary conditions for $\psi $ and $\partial _n \psi $. This equation is a simple model for the circulation of currents in closed basins, the variables $x$ and $y$ being respectively the longitude and the latitude. A crude analysis shows that as $E \to 0$, the weak limit of $\psi $ satisfies the so-called Sverdrup transport equation inside the domain, namely $\partial _x \psi ^0=\tau $, while boundary layers appear in the vicinity of the boundary.

The Cuntz semigroup of a -algebra is an important invariant in the structure and classification theory of -algebras. It captures more information than -theory but is often more delicate to handle. The authors systematically study the lattice and category theoretic aspects of Cuntz semigroups. Given a -algebra , its (concrete) Cuntz semigroup is an object in the category of (abstract) Cuntz semigroups, as introduced by Coward, Elliott and Ivanescu. To clarify the distinction between concrete and abstract Cuntz semigroups, the authors call the latter -semigroups. The authors establish the existence of tensor products in the category and study the basic properties of this construction. They show that is a symmetric, monoidal category and relate with for certain classes of -algebras. As a main tool for their approach the authors introduce the category of pre-completed Cuntz semigroups. They show that is a full, reflective subcategory of . One can then easily deduce properties of from respective properties of , for example the existence of tensor products and inductive limits. The advantage is that constructions in are much easier since the objects are purely algebraic.

This article is concerned with the maximal accretive realizations of geometric Kramers-Fokker-Planck operators on manifolds with boundaries. A general class of boundary conditions is introduced which ensures the maximal accretivity and some global subelliptic estimates. Those estimates imply nice spectral properties as well as exponential decay properties for the associated semigroup. Admissible boundary conditions cover a wide range of applications for the usual scalar Kramer-Fokker-Planck equation or Bismut's hypoelliptic laplacian.