The Special Forces sniper is a selected volunteer specially trained in advanced marksmanship and field craft skills. He can support special operations missions and is able to engage selected targets from concealed positions at ranges and under conditions that are not possible for the normal rifleman. This field manual provides doctrinal guidance on the mission, personnel, organization, equipment, training, skills, and employment of the Special Forces sniper. It describes those segments of sniping that are unique to Special Forces soldiers and those portions of conventional sniping that are necessary to train indigenous forces. It is intended for use by commanders, staffs, instructors, and soldiers at training posts, United States Army schools, and units. This manual addresses three distinct audiences: Commanders - It provides specific guidance on the nature, role, candidate selection, organization, and employment of sniper personnel. Trainers - It provides a reference for developing training programs. Snipers - It contains detailed information on the fundamental knowledge, skills, and employment methods of snipers throughout the entire operational continuum. The most common measurements that the sniper uses are expressed throughout the text and in many cases are US standard terms rather than metric. Appendix A consists of conversion tables that may be used when mission requirements or environments change. Readers interested in related titles from The U.S. Army will also want to see: Army Guerrilla Warfare Handbook (ISBN: 9781626542730) Army Guide to Boobytraps (ISBN: 9781626544703) Army Improvised Munitions Handbook (ISBN: 9781626542679) Army Leadership Field Manual FM 22-100 (ISBN: 9781626544291) Army M-1 Garand Technical Manual (ISBN: 9781626543300) Army Physical Readiness Training with Change FM 7-22 (ISBN: 9781626544017) Army Special Forces Guide to Unconventional Warfare (ISBN: 9781626542709) Army Survival Manual FM 21-76 (ISBN: 9781626544413) Army/Marine Corps Counterinsurgency Field Manual (ISBN: 9781626544246) Map Reading and Land Navigation FM 3-25.26 (ISBN: 9781626542983) Ranger Handbook SH 21-76 (ISBN: 9781626545199) Rigging Techniques, Procedures, and Applications FM 5-125 (ISBN: 9781626544338) The Infantry Rifle Platoon and Squad FM 3-21.8 / 7-8 (ISBN: 9781626544277) Understanding Rigging (ISBN: 9781626544673)

Surface bio-contamination has become a severe problem that contributes to outbreaks of community acquired and nosocomial infections through contiguous fomite transmission of diseases. Every year, thousands of patients die due to nosocomial infections by pathogens. It is therefore essential to develop novel strategies to prevent or improve the treatment of biomaterial concomitant infections. The concept of antimicrobial materials is becoming increasingly important not only in the hospital and healthcare environments, but also for laboratories, home appliances, and certain industrial applications. Materials are now being developed to prevent the buildup, spread and transfer of harmful microbes, and to dynamically deactivate them. Drawing on research and examples from around the world, this book highlights the latest advances in, and applications of, antibacterial biomaterials for biomedical devices, and focuses on metals with antibacterial coatings/surfaces, antibacterial stainless steels and other commonly used antibacterial materials. It also discusses the role of innovative approaches and provides a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge research on the processing, properties and technologies involved in the development of antimicrobial applications. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to researchers and policymakers, as well as undergraduate and graduate students of biochemistry, microbiology, and environmental chemistry