With a share of 36%, youth (aged 12-30) represent more than one-third of the total population in Jordan. This report provides an analysis of the governance arrangements put in place by the Government of Jordan to deliver youth-responsive policy outcomes with a focus on five areas.

Young people have demonstrated resilience to shocks and led positive change in their communities across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Young people (aged under 30) constitute more than half (55%) of the population across MENA, compared with 36% of the population across OECD countries.

Moving beyond Western philosophical and political frameworks, this text engages with and centers Arab-Islamic ontologies, pupil voice, and gender to explore citizen identity formation and belonging among domestic students and Syrian refugees in Jordan. Focusing on the role of double-shift schools, educational policy, and provision, the volume interrogates how citizenship and youth identity is rooted, upheld, and altered over time. With an eye to complex historical, local, and national contexts of migration and (in)security in the Middle East, the book strives for a reconceptualization of citizen identity and education to better reflect the development of socio-civic identities amidst poverty, forced migration, and unrest. Based on direct access to 10 public schools in Jordan and using qualitative data, it applies an innovative combination of different methods to ascertain student voice to theorize education for citizenship based on real and challenging experiences of Syrian refugees as well as domestic Jordanian students. Moving beyond the traditional Western philosophies that largely frame citizenship discourses, it applies process philosophy to a field dominated by political considerations while also paying attention to social contexts. As such, it goes beyond the context of Jordan to inform regional and international discourses, policies, and initiatives surrounding refugees and education in emergencies. The book will appeal to scholars, professionals, and students in the fields of comparative and international education, citizenship youth studies, social studies, and social foundations of education, as well as those working in the formal and non-formal educational development sectors.

Straddling North Africa and Western Asia, the Middle East has been a cradle of civilisation and entrepreneurship — well before the arrival of Islam. In this region, gender roles were traditionally specified by culture, with women often expected to stay within the family environment, while men would trade in society at large. This book contributes to the literature on a highly neglected field of study: women entrepreneurs in the Middle East. Recognising that entrepreneurship does not take place in a vacuum, it focuses on contexts, and the ecosystems of this region with largely patriarchal societies, that are influenced by culture, religion, and colonial experience.This book provides readers with a topical analysis of women entrepreneurs in the Middle East on the context, ecosystems, and future perspectives for the region. Authors have presented the reality of 11 countries from the region based on women entrepreneurs' historical backgrounds, challenges, and achievements, as well as the contribution towards economic development in their local/immediate communities and the Middle East at large. Following the country analysis by the authors of each chapter, the editors provide a general assessment of the future of women entrepreneurs in the region by focusing on the current entrepreneurship policy and strategies of various countries in the region. This volume will be an essential reading for anyone researching or working on projects related to women's entrepreneurship and small businesses in the Middle East.

Public communication is an essential part of government policy and an important contributor to transparency, integrity, accountability and stakeholder participation. This Citizens’ Voice in Jordan Report provides an analysis of internal and external communications processes, examining progress achieved to date and remaining challenges.

With a share of 36%, youth (aged 12-30) represent more than one-third of the total population in Jordan. Public governance is critical for supporting youth's transition to full autonomy and providing opportunities for their participation in economic, social and public life. The COVID-19 has hit young people in Jordan hard and has underlined the importance of access to high-quality public services and to opportunities to participate in decision making. This report provides an analysis of the governance arrangements put in place by the Government of Jordan to deliver youth-responsive policy outcomes with a focus on five areas: 1) Jordan's National Youth Strategy 2019-25, 2) Institutional capacities of the Ministry of Youth, 3) Governance tools to mainstream youth's considerations in policy making and service delivery, 4) Youth participation and representation in public life and 5) Youth-responsive legal frameworks.

This issue of Unasylva will be dedicated to the restoration of degraded forest ecosystems in the Mediterranean region. Ten years after the last issue on Mediterranean forests, this volume will provide a status of Mediterranean forest resources with a specific focus on restoration efforts, recent developments, and opportunities to achieve regional and global pledges. It will also highlight Mediterranean restoration efforts that the UN Decade wants to promote on a global scale.

Twenty-first century governments must keep pace with the expectations of their citizens and deliver on the promise of the digital age. Data-driven approaches are particularly effective for meeting those expectations and rethinking the way governments and citizens interact. This report highlights the important role data can play in creating conditions that improve public services, increase the effectiveness of public spending and inform ethical and privacy considerations. It presents a data-driven public sector framework that can help countries or organisations assess the elements needed for using data to make better-informed decisions across public sectors.

Public authorities from all levels of government increasingly turn to Citizens' Assemblies, Juries, Panels and other representative deliberative processes to tackle complex policy problems ranging from climate change to infrastructure investment decisions. They convene groups of people representing a wide cross-section of society for at least one full day – and often much longer – to learn, deliberate, and develop collective recommendations that consider the complexities and compromises required for solving multifaceted public issues.