This book contains four chapters dealing with the investigation of facies analysis and paleoecology, chemostratigraphy, and chronostratigraphy referring to paleoecological and facies analysis techniques and methodologies. The chapters pertain in particular to Oligo-Miocene carbonate succession of the Persian Gulf (Asmari Formation), the chemostratigraphy of Paleozoic carbonates of Peninsular Malaysia through the integration of stratigraphic, sedimentologic, and geochemical data, and the chronostratigraphy of a small ice-dammed paleolake in Andorra (Spain), applying fast Fourier transform analysis, resulting in 6th-order stratigraphic cycles, which have outlined the occurrence of system tracts and unconformities controlled by glacio-eustasy. The chapters are separated into four main sections: (1) introduction; (2) facies analysis and paleoecology; (3) chemostratigraphy; and (4) chronostratigraphy. There is one chapter in the first section introducing the stratigraphic setting of Paleozoic to Miocene deposits based on different stratigraphic methodologies, including facies analysis, paleoecology, chemostratigraphy, and chronostratigraphy. In the second section, there is one chapter dealing with the Oligocene-Miocene Asmari Formation, allowing for the recognition of several depositional environments based on sedimentological analysis, distribution of foraminifera, and micropaleontological study. In the third section, there is one chapter aimed at addressing research on the chemostratigraphy of cores, allowing for a significant increase of the stratigraphic knowledge existing on the Kinta Valley (Malaysia), coupled with extensive fieldwork on Paleozoic carbonates. In the fourth section, there is a chapter dealing with the high-resolution chronostratigraphic setting of a paleolake located in Andorra (Spain) and the inference with the MIS2 isotopic stage of Atlantic and Mediterranean regions in the regional geological setting of the southeastern Pyrenees.

Stratigraphy, a branch of geology, is the science of describing the vertical and lateral relationships of different rock formations formed through time to understand the earth history. These relationships may be based on lithologic properties (named lithostratigraphy), fossil content (labeled biostratigraphy), magnetic properties (called magnetostratigraphy), chemical features (named chemostratigraphy), reflection seismology (named seismic stratigraphy), age relations (called chronostratigraphy). Also, it refers to archaeological deposits called archaeological stratigraphy. Stratigraphy is built on the concept "the present is the key to the past" which was first outlined by James Hutton in the late 1700s and developed by Charles Lyell in the early 1800s. This book focuses particularly on application of geophysical methods in stratigraphic investigations and stratigraphic analysis of layered basin deposits from different geologic settings and present continental areas extending from Mexico region (north America) through Alpine belt including Italy, Greece, Iraq to Russia (northern Asia).

This book contains six chapters dealing with the investigation of seismic and sequence stratigraphy and integrated stratigraphy, including the stratigraphic unconformities, in different geological settings and using several techniques and methods, including the seismostratigraphic and the sequence stratigraphic analysis, the field geological survey, the well log stratigraphic interpretation, and the lithologic and paleobotanical data. Book chapters are separated into two main sections: (i) seismic and sequence stratigraphy and (ii) integrated stratigraphy. There are three chapters in the first section, including the application of sequence and seismic stratigraphy to the fine-grained shales, to the fluvial facies and depositional environments, and to the Late Miocene geological structures offshore of Taiwan. In the second section, there are three chapters dealing with the integrated stratigraphic investigation of Jurassic deposits of the southern Siberian platform, with the stratigraphic unconformities, reviewing the related geological concepts and studying examples from Middle-Upper Paleozoic successions; and, finally, with the integrated stratigraphy of the Cenozoic deposits of the Andean foreland basin (northwestern Argentina).

Palaeomagnetism is a technique used to understand complex deformation patterns in fold-and-thrust belts; it can be used to characterize the distribution, magnitude and timing of vertical axis rotations, an elusive variable using other methods. A combination of palaeomagnetic and structural geology analyses has helped to unravel the geometry and kinematics of fold-and-thrust belts around the world and of different geological ages for more than 50 years. This volume comprises three sections: the first shows thorough overviews of western Mediterranean arcs and the western Carpathians; the second depicts several examples from the Andes, the Alps, Anatolia, Pyrenees, Iberian Ranges and the Atlas; and the third shows the latest research on the use of palaeomagnetism to understand fold-and-thrust belts in 3D and 4D in a more quantitative way and it also includes some methodological proposals to avoid common errors. In the papers of the first two sections, the combination of palaeomagnetic analyses with structural data, AMS or magnetostratigraphic analyses demonstrate the usefulness of palaeomagnetism in deciphering complex deformation patterns in fold-and-thrust belts.