Policymakers and program managers are continually seeking ways to improve accountability in achieving an entity's mission. A key factor in improving accountability in achieving an entity's mission is to implement an effective internal control system. An effective internal control system helps an entity adapt to shifting environments, evolving demands, changing risks, and new priorities. As programs change and entities strive to improve operational processes and implement new technology, management continually evaluates its internal control system so that it is effective and updated when necessary. Section 3512 (c) and (d) of Title 31 of the United States Code (commonly known as the Federal Managers' Financial Integrity Act (FMFIA)) requires the Comptroller General to issue standards for internal control in the federal government.

Audits provide essential accountability and transparency over government programs. Given the current challenges facing governments and their programs, the oversight provided through auditing is more critical than ever. Government auditing provides the objective analysis and information needed to make the decisions necessary to help create a better future. The professional standards presented in this 2018 revision of Government Auditing Standards (known as the Yellow Book) provide a framework for performing high-quality audit work with competence, integrity, objectivity, and independence to provide accountability and to help improve government operations and services. These standards, commonly referred to as generally accepted government auditing standards (GAGAS), provide the foundation for government auditors to lead by example in the areas of independence, transparency, accountability, and quality through the audit process. This revision contains major changes from, and supersedes, the 2011 revision.

Here is a valuable book filled with new ways to strengthen and utilize library career planning services and job-searching sources to better serve library patrons and career planners. Library Services for Career Planning, Job Searching and Employment Opportunities is the only resource available on the library's role in helping job searchers and career planners. An increase in the need for career and job information caused by a volatile labor market and current economic trends has created a need for both librarians and job counselors to help patrons take full advantage of library sources and services. Taking a broad approach from career counseling theory to recommendations of major sources of career and job information, this much-needed book covers subjects such as cooperative programs between librarians, career planning professionals, and job search counselors and the evaluation of career-related materials. This one-of-a-kind volume emphasizes the constant demand for career and job information regardless of economic conditions. Librarians will learn how to act as intermediaries to help patrons locate career and employment sources dispersed throughout the collection, demonstrate their proper use, and guide them to additional useful sources. Specific chapters explain how to expand career and job services with only a few new, low-cost resources, by networking with other community resources and developing a strong core collection of the best resources available. Other groundbreaking topics analyzed include employment and labor market trends for the 1990s, unemployment services in libraries, evaluation criteria for career resources, essential career planning and employment materials, specialized collections for relocation literature, and employment of persons with disabilities. This book is necessary reading for librarians who maintain career resources in their collections, career plannng and job counselors who need to learn how to take better advantage of library services, and adult education professionals involved in vocational education.

This book focuses on current practices in scientific and technical communication, historical aspects, and characteristics and bibliographic control of various forms of scientific and technical literature. It integrates the inventory approach for scientific and technical communication.

The passage of Citizens United by the Supreme Court in 2010 sparked a renewed debate about campaign spending by large political action committees, or Super PACs. Its ruling said that it is okay for corporations and labor unions to spend as much as they want in advertising and other methods to convince people to vote for or against a candidate. This book provides a wide range of opinions on the issue. Includes primary and secondary sources from a variety of perspectives; eyewitnesses, scientific journals, government officials, and many others.