Manual on managing captive muskoxen based on the authors experience with the captive herd of the Musk Ox Development Corporation in Alaska. Muskox taxonomy and ecology, handling, facilities, feeding, veterinary care, illnesses and health problems, mating, determination of pregnancy, calving, weaning of calves, qiviut collection and transportation are covered.

"Muskoxen, shaggy denizens of the Far North, are creatures long enveloped in myth. In this first major work on the muskox, Peter C. Lent presents a comprehensive account of how its fortunes have been intertwined with our own since the glaciations of the Pleistocene era.

No one can deny the fact that the cow is the primary dairy animalspecies to provide humans with nutritious dairy foods through itsabundance of lacteal secretion. The goat or other minor dairyspecies will never be able to compete with the cow in terms of thevolume of milk production. Yet, the contribution of milks fromother secondary domesticated dairy species to the survival andwell-being of mankind around the world is immense and invaluable.Testament to the importance of non-bovine milk is that more peopledrink the milk of goats than that of any other single species inthe world. In developing and under-developed counties, the secondary dairyspecies play a crucial role in supplying the food and nutritionalneeds of the people in those regions. Due to the unavailability ofcow milk and the low consumption of meat, the milks of minorspecies such as goat, buffalo, sheep, and camel are critical dailyfood sources of protein, phosphate and calcium. Furthermore,because of important and inherent hypoallergenic properties, milksof certain species such as goat milk have been recommended assubstitutes in diets for those with cow milk allergies. Editors Park and Haenlein have assembled dairy and nutritionexperts from around the world to contribute to the Handbook ofMilk of Non-Bovine Mammals. Secondary dairy species addressedare the goat, sheep, buffalo, mare, camel, yak, deer (reindeer),sow, llama, alpaca, moose, musk ox, caribou, ass, elk, pinniped,polar bear and human. The book comprehensively covers the mostimportant aspects of milk production including: trends and methodsof raw milk production in different regions; compositional,nutritional, therapeutic, physico-chemical, and microbiologicalcharacteristics of the milks; processing technology; and types,distribution and consumption of the manufactured products fromminor species milks. Of special note is coverage comparing specifichuman health attributes of milk from the various species, includingnutritional, allergenic, immunological, and cultural factors.Because secondary dairy species have such a significant impact onhuman well-being and survival in many parts of the world, theHandbook of Milk of Non-Bovine Mammals is an essentialreference book of leading-edge information for dairy scientists,nutritionists, food chemists, allergy specialists, healthprofessionals, and allied professionals.

Contains 26 full papers and 22 expanded abstracts from the second international Muskox Symposium held in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, from 1-4 October, 1987. Topics include: physiology, behaviour, fossil muskox, muskox husbandry, diseases in captive and free-ranging muskox, and "status" papers

The rise of industrial capitalism in the nineteenth century forged a new ecological order in North American and Western European states, radically transforming the environment through science and technology in the name of human progress. Far less known are the dramatic environmental changes experienced by Eastern Europe, in many ways a terra incognita for environmental historians and anthropologists. A New Ecological Order explores, from a historical and ethnographic perspective, the role of state planners, bureaucrats, and experts—engineers, agricultural engineers, geographers, biologists, foresters, and architects—as agents of change in the natural world of Eastern Europe from 1870 to the early twenty-first century. Contributors consider territories engulfed by empires, from the Habsburg to the Ottoman to tsarist Russia; territories belonging to disintegrating empires; and countries in the Balkan Peninsula, Central and Eastern Europe, and Eurasia. Together, they follow a rhetoric of “correcting nature,” a desire to exploit the natural environment and put its resources to work for the sake of developing the economies and infrastructures of modern states. They reveal an eagerness among newly established nation-states, after centuries of imperial economic and political impositions, to import scientific knowledge and new technologies from Western Europe that would aid in their economic development, and how those imports and ideas about nature ultimately shaped local projects and policies.

This reference provides the groundwork, tools, and terminology required when conducting specialized searches for information and resources pertaining to traditional and emerging fields of agriculture. The editors present 16 contributions from librarians and other information workers that offer information on research resources across the academic a

The Chang Tang, the vast, remote Tibetan steppe, is one of the most forbidding places on earth. Yet this harsh land is home to a unique assemblage of large mammals, including Tibetan antelope, gazelle, argali sheep, wild ass, wild yak, wolves, snow leopards, and others. Since 1985, George B. Schaller and his Chinese and Tibetan co-workers have surveyed the flora and fauna of the Chang Tang. Their research provides the first detailed look at the natural history of one of the world's least known ecosystems.

Hunters at the Margin examines the conflict in the Northwest Territories between Native hunters and conservationists over three big game species: the wood bison, the muskox, and the caribou. John Sandlos argues that the introduction of game regulations, national parks, and game sanctuaries was central to the assertion of state authority over the traditional hunting cultures of the Dene and Inuit. His archival research undermines the assumption that conservationists were motivated solely by enlightened preservationism, revealing instead that commercial interests were integral to wildlife management in Canada.