This book focuses on a large class of multi-valued variational differential inequalities and inclusions of stationary and evolutionary types with constraints reflected by subdifferentials of convex functionals. Its main goal is to provide a systematic, unified, and relatively self-contained exposition of existence, comparison and enclosure principles, together with other qualitative properties of multi-valued variational inequalities and inclusions. The problems under consideration are studied in different function spaces such as Sobolev spaces, Orlicz-Sobolev spaces, Sobolev spaces with variable exponents, and Beppo-Levi spaces. A general and comprehensive sub-supersolution method (lattice method) is developed for both stationary and evolutionary multi-valued variational inequalities, which preserves the characteristic features of the commonly known sub-supersolution method for single-valued, quasilinear elliptic and parabolic problems. This method provides a powerful tool for studying existence and enclosure properties of solutions when the coercivity of the problems under consideration fails. It can also be used to investigate qualitative properties such as the multiplicity and location of solutions or the existence of extremal solutions. This is the first in-depth treatise on the sub-supersolution (lattice) method for multi-valued variational inequalities without any variational structures, together with related topics. The choice of the included materials and their organization in the book also makes it useful and accessible to a large audience consisting of graduate students and researchers in various areas of Mathematical Analysis and Theoretical Physics.

In this sequel to two earlier volumes, the authors now focus on the long-time behavior of evolution inclusions, based on the theory of extremal solutions to differential-operator problems. This approach is used to solve problems in climate research, geophysics, aerohydrodynamics, chemical kinetics or fluid dynamics. As in the previous volumes, the authors present a toolbox of mathematical equations. The book is based on seminars and lecture courses on multi-valued and non-linear analysis and their geophysical application.

This book collects papers presented at the Virtual International Conference on Soft Computing, Optimization Theory and Applications (SCOTA 2021), held at the Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, India, from 26–27 March 2021. Topics discussed in the book are on fuzzy logic, neural networks and optimization algorithms, as well as their hybrid combinations, and their application in areas such as intelligent control and robotics, pattern recognition, medical diagnosis, time series prediction and optimization of complex problems. The book highlights research on: (a) hybrid intelligent systems based on soft computing, new concepts and algorithms based on fuzzy logic and their applications, (b) theory and practice of meta-heuristics in different areas of application, (c) applications of fuzzy logic, (d) neural networks and hybrid intelligent systems in medical applications, (e) neural networks and optimization and evolutionary algorithms and their different applications and (f) applications of fuzzy logic, neural networks and meta-heuristics in pattern recognition problems. Some papers contain applications background like approximate solution of fractional differential equations via fixed-point algorithms and applications to equilibrium problems and image deburring problems. The book will be of great use to students, researchers and scientists in computer science, optimization and engineering, and those interested on computational intelligence and soft computing and their applications.

Equilibrium Problems and Applications develops a unified variational approach to deal with single-valued, set-valued and quasi-equilibrium problems. The authors promote original results in relationship with classical contributions to the field of equilibrium problems. The content evolved in the general setting of topological vector spaces and it lies at the interplay between pure and applied nonlinear analysis, mathematical economics, and mathematical physics. This abstract approach is based on tools from various fields, including set-valued analysis, variational and hemivariational inequalities, fixed point theory, and optimization. Applications include models from mathematical economics, Nash equilibrium of non-cooperative games, and Browder variational inclusions. The content is self-contained and the book is mainly addressed to researchers in mathematics, economics and mathematical physics as well as to graduate students in applied nonlinear analysis. - A rigorous mathematical analysis of Nash equilibrium type problems, which play a central role to describe network traffic models, competition games or problems arising in experimental economics - Develops generic models relevant to mathematical economics and quantitative modeling of game theory, aiding economists to understand vital material without having to wade through complex proofs - Reveals a number of surprising interactions among various equilibria topics, enabling readers to identify a common and unified approach to analysing problem sets - Illustrates the deep features shared by several types of nonlinear problems, encouraging readers to develop further this unifying approach from other viewpoints into economic models in turn

Fixed Point Theory & Applications

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Conference on Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology, RSKT 2006, held in Chongqing, China in July 2006. The volume presents 43 revised full papers and 58 revised short papers, together with 15 commemorative and invited papers. Topics include rough computing, evolutionary computing, fuzzy sets, granular computing, neural computing, machine learning and KDD, logics and reasoning, multiagent systems and Web intelligence, and more.

The theory of multivalued maps and the theory of differential inclusions are closely connected and intensively developing branches of contemporary mathematics. They have effective and interesting applications in control theory, optimization, calculus of variations, non-smooth and convex analysis, game theory, mathematical economics and in other fields.This book presents a user-friendly and self-contained introduction to both subjects. It is aimed at 'beginners', starting with students of senior courses. The book will be useful both for readers whose interests lie in the sphere of pure mathematics, as well as for those who are involved in applicable aspects of the theory. In Chapter 0, basic definitions and fundamental results in topology are collected. Chapter 1 begins with examples showing how naturally the idea of a multivalued map arises in diverse areas of mathematics, continues with the description of a variety of properties of multivalued maps and finishes with measurable multivalued functions. Chapter 2 is devoted to the theory of fixed points of multivalued maps. The whole of Chapter 3 focuses on the study of differential inclusions and their applications in control theory. The subject of last Chapter 4 is the applications in dynamical systems, game theory, and mathematical economics.The book is completed with the bibliographic commentaries and additions containing the exposition related both to the sections described in the book and to those which left outside its framework. The extensive bibliography (including more than 400 items) leads from basic works to recent studies.

Hemivariational inequalities represent an important class of problems in nonsmooth and nonconvex mechanics. By means of them, problems with nonmonotone, possibly multivalued, constitutive laws can be formulated, mathematically analyzed and finally numerically solved. The present book gives a rigorous analysis of finite element approximation for a class of hemivariational inequalities of elliptic and parabolic type. Finite element models are described and their convergence properties are established. Discretized models are numerically treated as nonconvex and nonsmooth optimization problems. The book includes a comprehensive description of typical representants of nonsmooth optimization methods. Basic knowledge of finite element mathematics, functional and nonsmooth analysis is needed. The book is self-contained, and all necessary results from these disciplines are summarized in the introductory chapter. Audience: Engineers and applied mathematicians at universities and working in industry. Also graduate-level students in advanced nonlinear computational mechanics, mathematics of finite elements and approximation theory. Chapter 1 includes the necessary prerequisite materials.