The effect which now bears his name, was discovered in 1958 by Rudolf Mössbauer at the Technical University of Munich. At first, this appeared to be a phenomenon related to nuclear energy levels that provided some information about excited state lifetimes and quantum properties. However, it soon became apparent that Mössbauer spectroscopy had applications in such diverse fields as general relativity, solid state physics, chemistry, materials science, biology, medical physics, archeology and art. It is the extreme sensitivity of the effect to the atomic environment around the probe atom as well as the ability to apply the technique to some interesting and important elements, most notably iron, that is responsible for the Mössbauer effect's extensive use. The present volume reviews the historical development of the Mössbauer effect, the experimental details, the basic physics of hyperfine interactions and some of the numerous applications of Mössbauer effect spectroscopy.

Mössbauer Effect: Principles and Applications focuses on the processes, methodologies, and reactions involved in Mössbauer effect, as well as atomic motion, use of the effect in studying hyperfine structures, quadropole coupling, and isomer shift. The manuscript first discusses resonant absorption, emission of gamma rays by nuclei, width of gamma-ray spectrum, and emission from bound atoms. The text then surveys counting, modulation, and low-temperature techniques. The publication offers information on relativity and the Mössbauer effect, atomic motion, quadropole coupling, and magnetic hyperfine structure. Discussions focus on gravitational red shift and combined magnetic and electric hyperfine coupling. The text then evaluates magnetism of metals and alloys, chemical applications, and linewidth and line shape. The manuscript is a valuable source of data for physicists and readers interested in the Mössbauer effect.

This is the tenth volume of a continuing series intended to provide a forum for publication of develop ments in f:lossbauer Effect t1ethodology and in Spectroscopy and its applications. r~ossbauer Effect t·1ethodo 1 ogy, Vo 1 ume 1 0, records the proceedings of the Tenth Symposium on r10ssbauer Effect Hethodo 1 ogy. The Sympos i urn \'laS sponsored by the Ne~" England Nuclear Corporation, with special emphasis on applications in catalysis and in biology. The Symposium VIaS held in the t, lercury Ballroom of the New York Hilton on February 1, 1976. Dr. f,1. Good presided over the meeting. 11ore than one hundred participants were involved in the technical sessions and the exhibit of H5ssbauer effect instruments, equipment and materials by Elscint, Inc., Ranger Engineering and New England Nuclear. Continued evolution and improvement was the keynote of the ex hi bi to As has been our experience in recent Symposia, many more papers were submitted than could be accommodated. The Selection Committee was hard-pressed to limit the number of papers, and the sessions were lengthy, despite their efforts.

This is the sixth volume of a series that provides a continuing forum for publication of developments in M6ssbauer effect method ology and of spectroscopy and its applications. M ossbauer Effect Methodology, Volume 6, records the proceedings of the Sixth Symposium on M6ssbauer Effect Methodology. The symposium was sponsored by the New England Nuclear Corporation and concentrated on methodology, applications, and spectroscopy, with special sections on lunar sample work and on standardization and nomenclature. The symposium was held at the Palmer House in Chicago on January 25, 1970. Dr. J. C. Walker presided over the after noon and evening sessions. About two hundred participants attended, reflecting the continued importance of and interest in this series. Austin Science Associates, Elron Electronic Industries, High Voltage Engineering Corporation, and Reuter-Stokes Electronic Components Company demonstrated lines of equipment for M6ssbauer work. The usual high degree of interest in the well-designed commercial instrumentation was evident. The highlight of the symposium was the session on lunar samples. Fortuitously, the timing of the symposium permitted it to provide one ofthe earliest exposures ofthe lunar results to the scientific community. Many papers on other applications were presented, including work on frozen aqueous solutions. Four papers on methodology development made up one session, including reports on a polarized source, on a coincidence technique, and on the use of radio frequency to perturb hyperfine levels. As usual, many of the papers report work in fields remote from basic physics.

This up-to-date review closes an important gap in the literature by providing a comprehensive description of the Mössbauer effect in lattice dynamics, along with a collection of applications in metals, alloys, amorphous solids, molecular crystals, thin films, and nanocrystals. It is the first to systematically compare Mössbauer spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation to conventional Mössbauer spectroscopy, discussing in detail its advantages and capabilities, backed by the latest theoretical developments and experimental examples. Intended as a self-contained volume that may be used as a complete reference or textbook, it adopts new pedagogical approaches with several non-traditional and refreshing theoretical expositions, while all quantitative relations are derived with the necessary details so as to be easily followed by the reader. Two entire chapters are devoted to the study of the dynamics of impurity atoms in solids, while a thorough description of the Mannheim model as a theoretical method is presented and its predictions compared to experimental results. Finally, an in-depth analysis of absorption of Mössbauer radiation is presented, based on recent research by one of the authors, resulting in an exact expression of fractional absorption, otherwise unavailable in the literature. The whole is supplemented by elaborate appendices containing constants and parameters.

This is the ninth volume of a continuing series intended to provide a forum for publication of develop ments in Mossbauer effect methodology and in spectroscopy and its applications. Mossbauer Effect Methodology, Volume 9, records the proceedings of the Ninth Symposium on Mossbauer Effect Methodology. The symposium was sponsored by the New England Nuclear Corporation and interest was concentrated on spectroscopy and applications, with more than usual emphasis on new methodology. The symposium was held in the Palmer House in Chicago on February 3, 1974. Dr. Stanley Hanna presided over the afternoon and evening sessions. Attendance was lower than usual; about one hundred participants were present. This may reflect the continu ing pressure of travel budget limitations. Contributing Sponsors were Austin Science Associates, El Scint, Inc., Nuclear Science Instruments and Ranger Electronics. These organizations demonstrated their products for Mossbauer applications. The continuing improvements in the spectrometers and their adjuncts was evident. The Selection Committee again had a most difficult task, and was obliged to accept only about half of the submitted papers. A most interesting group of papers on applications and spectroscopy featured reports on electronic relaxation phenomena, magnetic phase and spin transformations, photochromism in strontium titanate, lattice studies, and phase determination by Kossel analysis. The excellent methodology session included presentations on data analysis techniques for spectral folding, hyperfine interaction analysis and recoil-free fraction measurement, a backscatter spectrometer and a report on a Selective Excitation Double Mossbauer method to study time-dependent phenomena.

Tutorials on Mössbauer Spectroscopy Since the discovery of the Mössbauer Effect many excellent books have been published for researchers and for doctoral and master level students. However, there appears to be no textbook available for final year bachelor students, nor for people working in industry who have received only basic courses in classical mechanics, electromagnetism, quantum mechanics, chemistry and materials science. The challenge of this book is to give an introduction to Mössbauer Spectroscopy for this level. The ultimate goal of this book is to give this audience not only a scientific introduction to the technique, but also to demonstrate in an attractive way the power of Mössbauer Spectroscopy in many fields of science, in order to create interest among the readers in joining the community of Mössbauer spectroscopists. This is particularly important at times where in many Mössbauer laboratories succession is at stake. This book will be used as a textbook for the tutorial sessions, organized at the occasion of the 2011 International Conference on the Application of Mössbauer Spectroscopy (ICAME2011) in Tokyo.

That the field of Mossbauer spectroscopy continues for the remarks section of the index, and the inclusion to be an important growth area in science and tech of some new appendices and tables (such as the en nology, despite recent economic pressures, is ade ergy conversion tables, nuclear radius and moment quately evidenced by the present volume. Covering re data, and the report of the ASTM Task Group on search published only in the year 1969, its size is com Mossbauer Nomenclature and Conventions). The parable to its predecessor, Mossbauer Effect Data advertisement section, too, provides a collection of Index 1958-1965. With such continuing growth in information useful to many readers. many fields, the need for specialized information re In summary, the new editors are to be congratulated trieval tools for the research worker is now becoming for their excellent and tremendous effort in putting together such a fine compilation in a remarkably short an increasingly important internationally recognized time. The user community, I am sure, will strongly concern. MEDI 1969 satisfies much of this need for the community it addresses in a timely manner. urge them to continue this series, as I know their pred This work not only follows in the footsteps of its ecessor has been urged to help fill the gap for the years 1966-1968. predecessor, but also includes a number of important and very useful innovations. Among these are the classification of substances investigated according to ARTHUR H. MUIR, JR.

This year's issue is again exciting not only because People with common goals establish communities. Usually, in the natural sciences, communities originate it lists the 1 OOth excited resonance state, but also be around fields because institutions, conferences, and cause it contains extensive new information and addi 197 the literature are normally field oriented. In excep tional interesting articles on Au by Louis Roberts, 151 tional cases, communities have a method as the com Eu by Chris Barton and Norman Greenwood, and 129 mon bond, for instance, Mossbauer spectroscopy. The I by Hendrick deWaard. One innovation might be minimum requirement to be a "Mossbauer woman or suggested: for our irreproducible results we have the man" seems to be the possession of a Mossbauer sys International Journal of Irreproducible Results; how tem and the MEDI. Every member of the M6ssbauer ever, there is no literature for our reproducible nega community must have realized our extremely fortunate tive results. Sometimes nature's hidden tricks are un situation: before we put a drive system into motion known to us and experiments with some isotopes are we know within minutes if similar work has been pub tried unsuccessfully again and again. A chapter for lished somewhere in the world.