This book focuses on mixed crystals formed by molecular substances. The emphasis lies on the elucidation of the structural and thermodynamic properties of two-component systems. Thanks to the fact that the research efforts have been directed to a number of families of chemically coherent substances, rather than to a collection of isolated systems, the knowledge of mixed crystals has substantially increased. This is reflected by the discovery of several empirical relationships between thermodynamic properties, crystallographic properties, and also between thermodynamic mixing properties and exothermodynamic parameters, such as the structural mismatch between the components of the binary systems. This book is a benchmark for material scientists and a unique starting point for anyone interested in mixed crystals.

The two-word title of this book can only give an indication about its content and approach to the subject it deals with. In the course of time, the term has gradually become somewhat blurred. The reason is easy to see: similar problems are now more and more frequently studied by different branches of natural science. The term "mixed crystals" has acquired specific connotations in physics, chemistry, biology, and geology. One and the same term can now serve as a name for things which are either not quite the same or sometimes quite different. And this is precisely what happened to the two words in the title of the book. One of them, the term "crystal", for which crystallography had an un ambiguous definition, is now employed by biologists to describe the structure of cell membranes and by chemists who use it to denote degrees of polymer crystallinity. "Crystal" has thus become a broad term that can help describe any solid, or just a condensed state of a substance, if the solid has a suf ficient degree of order in the arrangement of its components. But the book is called "~lixed Crystals". The other word in its title, the adjective "mixed", has also developed several meanings. It is now thought ap plicable to both homogeneous and heterogeneous systems, that is, to crystals composed of different molecules and also to solids that are a mixture of crys tals with different structures.

In this volume, contributions covering the theoretical and practical aspects of multicomponent crystals provide a timely and contemporary overview of the state-of-the art of this vital aspect of crystal engineering/materials science. With a solid foundation in fundamentals, multi-component crystals can be formed, for example, to enhance pharmaceutical properties of drugs, for the specific control of optical responses to external stimuli and to assemble molecules to allow chemical reactions that are generally intractable following conventional methods. Contents Pharmaceutical co-crystals: crystal engineering and applications Pharmaceutical multi-component crystals: improving the efficacy of anti-tuberculous agents Qualitative and quantitative crystal engineering of multi-functional co-crystals Control of photochromism in N-salicylideneaniline by crystal engineering Quinoline derivatives for multi-component crystals: principles and applications N-oxides in multi-component crystals and in bottom-up synthesis and applications Multi-component crystals and non-ambient conditions Co-crystals for solid-state reactivity and thermal expansion Solution co-crystallisation and its applications The salt-co-crystal continuum in halogen-bonded systems Large horizontal displacements of benzene-benzene stacking interactions in co-crystals Simultaneous halogen and hydrogen bonding to carbonyl and thiocarbonylfunctionality Crystal chemistry of the isomeric N,N’-bis(pyridin-n-ylmethyl)-ethanediamides, n = 2, 3 or 4 Solute・solvent interactions mediated by main group element (lone-pair)・・・π(aryl) interactions

Do you need to design syntheses that are * highly selective * fast * enantioselective with quantitative enantiomeric yield? This book describes in detail how best to exploit the enormous synthetic potential of solid state reactions. Written by leading experts, it provides in-depth information on * the theoretical and physico-chemical approach to solid state reactions * solid-to-solid organic reactions * stereoselective solid state photoreactions * reactivity and crystal structure An ideal companion to Dunitz and Bürgi's 'Structure Correlation', this book will be highly useful to synthetic organic chemists, stereochemists, crystallographers, and solid-state chemists

Molecular Spectroscopy–XI provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of molecular spectroscopy. This book discusses the modifications of molecular spectra when the density varies as a function of temperature and pressure. Organized into 15 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the several processes concerning triplet excitons leading to magnetic-field sensitive luminescence in organic crystals and related compounds. This text then examines the methods of investigation of the exciton band structures in molecular crystals. Other chapters consider the conditions for the equivalence of Fourier spectroscopy and of slow passage experiments in nuclear magnetic resonance. This book discusses as well the application of computer technology in carbon-13 magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The final chapter deals with the application of high-resolution proton and carbon-13 n.m.r. spectroscopy for the investigation of the molecular conformations in proteins. This book is a valuable resource for organic chemists, biologists, microbiologists, scientists, and research workers.

This book provides an account of the structure and properties of crystalline binary adducts. Such crystals are perhaps better known as molecular compounds and complexes and are estimated to make up one quarter of the world's crystals. More than 600 figures, 200 tables and 3500 references are included in the book.

This book deals with polymorphism - the existence of different solid structures of the same chemical entity (for example graphite and diamond, both composed of carbon) which provide ideal systems for investigating the relationship between the structure and properties of a wide variety of materials.