Divergencies in quantum field theory referred to as OC infinite zero-point energyOCO have been a problem for 70 years. Renormalization has always been considered an unsatisfactory remedy. In 1985 it was found that Maxwell''s equations generally do not have solutions that satisfy the causality law. An additional term for magnetic dipole currents corrected this shortcoming. Rotating magnetic dipoles produce magnetic dipole currents, just as rotating electric dipoles in a material like barium titanate produce electric dipole currents. Electric dipole currents were always part of Maxwell''s equations. This book shows that the correction of Maxwell''s equations eliminates the infinite zero-point energy in quantum electrodynamics. In addition, it presents many more new results. Contents: Monopole, Dipole, and Multipole Currents; Hamiltonian Formalism; Quantization of the Pure Radiation Field; KleinOCoGordon Equation and Vacuum Constants. Readership: Senior undergraduates, graduate students, researchers and academics in quantum, atomic, theoretical, mathematical and nuclear physics."

Divergencies in quantum field theory referred to as “infinite zero-point energy” have been a problem for 70 years. Renormalization has always been considered an unsatisfactory remedy.In 1985 it was found that Maxwell's equations generally do not have solutions that satisfy the causality law. An additional term for magnetic dipole currents corrected this shortcoming. Rotating magnetic dipoles produce magnetic dipole currents, just as rotating electric dipoles in a material like barium titanate produce electric dipole currents. Electric dipole currents were always part of Maxwell's equations.This book shows that the correction of Maxwell's equations eliminates the infinite zero-point energy in quantum electrodynamics. In addition, it presents many more new results.

1. Introduction. 1.1. Maxwell's equations. 1.2. Step function excitation of planar TEM wave. 1.3. Solutions for the electric field strength. 1.4. Associated magnetic field strength. 1.5. Field strengths with continuous time variation. 1.6. Modified Maxwell equations in potential form -- 2. Monopole, dipole, and multipole currents. 2.1. Electric monopoles and dipoles with constant mass. 2.2. Magnetic monopoles and dipoles with constant mass. 2.3. Monopoles and dipoles with relativistic variable mass. 2.4. Covariance of the modified Maxwell equations. 2.5. Energy and momentum with dipole current correction -- 3. Hamiltonian formalism. 3.1. Undefined potentials and divergent integrals. 3.2. Charged particle in an electromagnetic field. 3.3. Variability of the mass of a charged particle. 3.4. Steady state solutions of the modified Maxwell equations. 3.5. Steady state quantization of the modified radiation field -- 4. Quantization of the pure radiation field. 4.1. Radiation field in extended Lorentz gauge. 4.2. Simplification of Aev([symbol]) and Amv([symbol]). 4.3. Hamilton function for planar wave. 4.4. Quantization of a planar wave. 4.5. Exponential ramp function excitation. 4.6. Excitation with rectangular pulse -- 5. Klein-Gordon equation and vacuum constants. 5.1. Modified Klein-Gordon equation. 5.2. Planar wave solution. 5.3. Hamilton function for the planar Klein-Gordon wave. 5.4. Quantization of the planar Klein-Gordon wave. 5.5. Dipole current conductivities in vacuum

In a recent paper published in JCMNS in 2017, Francesco Celani, Di Tommaso and Vassalo argued that Maxwell equations rewritten in Clifford algebra are sufficient to describe the electron and also ultra-dense deuterium reaction process proposed by Homlid et al. Apparently, Celani et al. believed that their Maxwell–Clifford equations are an excellent candidate to surpass both Classical Electromagnetic and Zitterbewegung QM. Meanwhile, in a series of papers, Bo Lehnert proposed a novel and revised version of Quantum Electrodynamics (RQED) based on Proca equations.

New edition features improved typography, figures and tables, expanded indexes, and 885 new corrections.

Quantum Field Theory (QFT) has proved to be the most useful strategy for the description of elementary particle interactions and as such is regarded as a fundamental part of modern theoretical physics. In most presentations, the emphasis is on the effectiveness of the theory in producing experimentally testable predictions, which at present essentially means Perturbative QFT. However, after more than fifty years of QFT, we still are in the embarrassing situation of not knowing a single non-trivial (even non-realistic) model of QFT in 3+1 dimensions, allowing a non-perturbative control. As a reaction to these consistency problems one may take the position that they are related to our ignorance of the physics of small distances and that QFT is only an effective theory, so that radically new ideas are needed for a consistent quantum theory of relativistic interactions (in 3+1 dimensions). The book starts by discussing the conflict between locality or hyperbolicity and positivity of the energy for relativistic wave equations, which marks the origin of quantum field theory, and the mathematical problems of the perturbative expansion (canonical quantization, interaction picture, non-Fock representation, asymptotic convergence of the series etc.). The general physical principles of positivity of the energy, Poincare' covariance and locality provide a substitute for canonical quantization, qualify the non-perturbative foundation and lead to very relevant results, like the Spin-statistics theorem, TCP symmetry, a substitute for canonical quantization, non-canonical behaviour, the euclidean formulation at the basis of the functional integral approach, the non-perturbative definition of the S-matrix (LSZ, Haag-Ruelle-Buchholz theory). A characteristic feature of gauge field theories is Gauss' law constraint. It is responsible for the conflict between locality of the charged fields and positivity, it yields the superselection of the (unbroken) gauge charges, provides a non-perturbative explanation of the Higgs mechanism in the local gauges, implies the infraparticle structure of the charged particles in QED and the breaking of the Lorentz group in the charged sectors. A non-perturbative proof of the Higgs mechanism is discussed in the Coulomb gauge: the vector bosons corresponding to the broken generators are massive and their two point function dominates the Goldstone spectrum, thus excluding the occurrence of massless Goldstone bosons. The solution of the U(1) problem in QCD, the theta vacuum structure and the inevitable breaking of the chiral symmetry in each theta sector are derived solely from the topology of the gauge group, without relying on the semiclassical instanton approximation.

A panoramic view during 1927-1938 of the development of quantum electrodynamics.

Among the subjects reviewed in these Advances, the properties and computation of electromagnetic fields have been considered on several occasions. In particular, the early work of H.F. Harmuth on Maxwell's equations, which was highly controversial at the time, formed a supplement to the series. This volume, unlike previous volumes in the series concentrates solely on the research of professors' Harmuth and Meffert. These studies raise important and fundamental questions concerning some of the basic areas of physics: electromagnetic theory and quantum mechanics. They deserve careful study and reflection for although the authors do not attempt to provide the definitive answer to the questions, their work is undoubtedly a major step towards such an answer. This volume essential reading for those researchers and academics working applied mathematicians or theoretical physics - Unlike previous volumes, this book concentrates solely on the new research of professors Harmuth and Meffert - Raises important and fundamental questions concerning electromagnetism theory and quantum mechanics - Provides the steps in finding answers for the highly debated questions

This is a book about the quanta that make up our universe--the highly unified bundles of energy of which everything is made. It explains wave-particle duality, randomness, quantum states, non-locality, Schrodinger's cat, quantum jumps, and more, in everyday language for non-scientists and scientists who wish to fathom science's most fundamental theory.

Problems in theoretical physics often lead to paradoxical answers; yet closer reasoning and a more complete analysis invariably lead to the resolution of the paradox and to a deeper understanding of the physics involved. Drawing primarily from his own experience and that of his collaborators, Sir Rudolf Peierls selects examples of such "surprises" from a wide range of physical theory, from quantum mechanical scattering theory to the theory of relativity, from irreversibility in statistical mechanics to the behavior of electrons in solids. By studying such surprises and learning what kind of possibilities to look for, he suggests, scientists may be able to avoid errors in future problems. In some cases the surprise is that the outcome of a calculation is contrary to what physical intuition seems to demand. In other instances an approximation that looks convincing turns out to be unjustified, or one that looks unreasonable turns out to be adequate. Professor Peierls does not suggest, however, that theoretical physics is a hazardous game in which one can never foresee the surprises a detailed calculation might reveal. Rather, he contends, all the surprises discussed have rational explanations, most of which are very simple, at least in principle. This book is based on the author's lectures at the University of Washington in the spring of 1977 and at the Institut de Physique Nucleaire, University de Paris-Sud, Orsay, during the winter of 1977-1978.