Modeling Multiphase Materials Processes: Gas-Liquid Systems describes the methodology and application of physical and mathematical modeling to multi-phase flow phenomena in materials processing. The book focuses on systems involving gas-liquid interaction, the most prevalent in current metallurgical processes. The performance characteristics of these processes are largely dependent on transport phenomena. This volume covers the inherent characteristics that complicate the modeling of transport phenomena in such systems, including complex multiphase structure, intense turbulence, opacity of fluid, high temperature, coupled heat and mass transfer, chemical reactions in some cases, and poor wettability of the reactor walls. Also discussed are: solutions based on experimental and numerical modeling of bubbling jet systems, recent advances in the modeling of nanoscale multi-phase phenomena and multiphase flows in micro-scale and nano-scale channels and reactors. Modeling Multiphase Materials Processes: Gas-Liquid Systems will prove a valuable reference for researchers and engineers working in mathematical modeling and materials processing.

Proceedings of a symposium sponsored by Association for Iron and Steel Technology and the Process Technology and Modeling Committee of the Extraction and Processing Division and the Solidification Committee of the Materials Processing and Manufacturing Division of TMS (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society) Held during the TMS 2012 Annual Meeting & Exhibition Orlando, Florida, USA, March 11-15, 2012

The past few decades have brought significant advances in the computational methods and in the experimental techniques used to study transport phenomena in materials processing operations. However, the advances have been made independently and with competition between the two approaches. Mathematical models are easier and less costly to implement, but experiments are essential for verifying theoretical models. In Mathematical and Physical Modeling of Materials Processing Operations, the authors bridge the gap between mathematical modelers and experimentalists. They combine mathematical and physical modeling principles for materials processing operations simulation and use numerous examples to compare theoretical and experimental results. The modeling of transport processes is multi-disciplinary, involving concepts and principles not all of which can be associated with just one field of study. Therefore, the authors have taken care to ensure that the text is self-sustaining through the variety and breadth of topics covered. Beyond the usual topics associated with transport phenomena, the authors also include detailed discussion of numerical methods and implementation of process models, software and hardware selection and application, and representation of auxiliary relationships, including turbulence modeling, chemical kinetics, magnetohydrodynamics, and multi-phase flow. They also provide several correlations for representing the boundary conditions of fluid flow, heat transfer, and mass transfer phenomena. Mathematical and Physical Modeling of Materials Processing Operations is ideal for introducing these tools to materials engineers and researchers. Although the book emphasizes materials, some of the topics will prove interesting and useful to researchers in other fields of chemical and mechanical engineering.

This volume contains proceedings dealing with the topics of multiphase phenomena in materials processing and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling and simulation of engineering processes. This collection gathers papers from researchers and engineers involved in the modeling of multiscale and multiphase phenomena in material processing systems. Papers address gas-particle flows, liquid-liquid phase flows, bubbly driven flows, granular flows, liquid-solid flows, multiphase flows in external fields, multiscale heat and mass transfer, and microstructure formation in these multiphase systems. Papers also focus on the CFD modeling and simulation of various engineering processes, such as metal processes including casting, forging, welding, heat treating, and VAR/ESR/PAM/EBM remelting processes; coatings including PVD, CVD, and plasma-assisted EBM-PVD technologies; and other surface engineering processes including induction, laser, and EB thermal processing. The CFD modeling and simulation proceedings discuss applications of CFD to engineering processes and demonstrate how CFD could help scientists and engineers to better understand the fundamentals of engineering processes.

This collection explores computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling and simulation of engineering processes, with contributions from researchers and engineers involved in the modeling of multiscale and multiphase phenomena in material processing systems. The papers cover the following processes: Iron and Steelmaking (Tundish, Casting, Converter, Blast Furnace); Microstructure Evolution; Casting with External Field Interaction; and Smelting, Degassing, Ladle Processing, Mechanical Mixing, and Ingot Casting. The collection also covers applications of CFD to engineering processes, and demonstrates how CFD can help scientists and engineers to better understand the fundamentals of engineering processes.

This is a book about mathematical modelling. It focuses on the modelling of the preparation of materials. Materials are important, of course, in an economic sense: the "goods" of goods-and-services are made of materials. This provides a strong incentive to produce good materials and to improve existing materials. Mathematical modelling can help in this regard. Without a doubt, modelling a materials processing operation is not strictly necessary. Materials synthesis and fabrication processes certainly existed before the invention of mathematics and computers, and well before the combined use of mathematics and computers. Modelling can, however, be of assistance--if done properly--and if used properly. The mathematical modelling described in this book is, at its root, a rather formal, structured way of thinking about materials synthesis and fabrication processes. It requires looking at a process as a whole. It requires considering everything that is or might be important. It requires translating the details of a given physical process into one or more mathematical equations. It requires knowing how to simplify the equations without over-simplifying them.

Mineral processing deals with complex particle systems with two-, three- and more phases. The modeling and understanding of these systems are a challenge for research groups and a need for the industrial sector. This Special Issue aims to present new advances, methodologies, applications, and case studies of computer-aided analysis applied to multiphase systems in mineral processing. This includes aspects such as modeling, design, operation, optimization, uncertainty analysis, among other topics. The special issue contains a review article and eleven articles that cover different methodologies of modeling, design, optimization, and analysis in problems of adsorption, leaching, flotation, and magnetic separation, among others. Consequently, the topics covered are of interest to readers from academia and industry.

This book presents a study of phase field modelling of solidification in metal alloy systems. It is divided in two main themes. The first half discusses several classes of quantitative multi-order parameter phase field models for multi-component alloy solidification. These are derived in grand potential ensemble, thus tracking solidification in alloys through the evolution of the chemical potentials of solute species rather than the more commonly used solute concentrations. The use of matched asymptotic analysis for making phase field models quantitative is also discussed at length, and derived in detail in order to make this somewhat abstract topic accessible to students. The second half of the book studies the application of phase field modelling to rapid solidification where solute trapping and interface undercooling follow highly non-equilibrium conditions. In this limit, matched asymptotic analysis is used to map phase field evolution equations onto the continuous growth model, which is generally accepted as a sharp-interface description of solidification at rapid solidification rates. This book will be of interest to graduate students and researchers in materials science and materials engineering. Key Features Presents a clear path to develop quantitative multi-phase and multi-component phase field models for solidification and other phase transformation kinetics Derives and discusses the quantitative nature of the model formulations through matched interface asymptotic analysis Explores a framework for quantitative treatment of rapid solidification to control solute trapping and solute drag dynamics