Metaphor from the Ground Up introduces Conceptual Filtering Theory, a theory of mental processing that describes figurative language communication in terms of conceptual domain projection and contextual disambiguation. In an attempt to match theoretical observations from cognitive semantics and pragmatics with related knowledge about mental processes from cognitive neuroscience, CFT first examines the distributed nature of conceptualization and then uses this background information to explain metonymic “binding” and metaphoric “mapping.” Once the perceptual origins of metonymy and metaphor have been demonstrated, CFT offers a detailed account of how salient aspects of conceptualization differentially combine to achieve predictable inferencing results in linguistic communication. In addition, CFT characterizes the role of contextual effects in pruning salient inferencing options and demonstrates how situational frames can be manipulated to guide semantic outcomes. The book as a whole will assert that figurative language processing cannot be characterized in terms of a generically constituted base system that receives inputs and spits out predictable results according to logical probability in a situational vacuum. Rather, it is a dynamic, context-sensitive process that continually reweights the underlying system so as to rapidly select situation-relevant lines of inferencing from among a variety of salient inferencing options.

The longstanding debate over how God-talk is intelligible gravitates around how we should understand the putative answer, “by analogy.” For some contemporary Christian theologians, analogy involves an ontological claim about creaturely and divine being (i.e., an analogy of being). For others, it involves a semantic or syntactical structure that legitimates the linguistic performances associated with analogy (i.e., a grammatical analogy). Still others appeal to faith in God’s self-disclosure in Jesus Christ (i.e., an analogy of faith). Rory Misiewicz argues that all of these approaches fall flat in their explanatory efforts. He draws upon the work of American philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce to rethink the relation between God and human beings. He argues that Christian theologians may view that relation as being established by an “analogy of signs”: both God and human beings are univocally involved in semiosis, or sign-process, and the confirmation of God’s semiotic identity is found in the revelation of God in the person of Jesus, the incarnate Son of God. Therefore, ordinary analogical language is intelligible, for divine signs are commensurate with human signs.

"The Ground of Our Beseeching: Metaphor and the Poetics of Meditation describes the signature styles of meditation in three American poets, and shows how each generated language out of spiritual yearning. The author's inquiry in this area grew out of an interest in the interplay of creativity, language, and religion, and a need to know, as both critic and practicing poet, how metaphor arises, particularly in the context of poetry which hearkens after the sacred. How far, in other words, has metaphor taken some of our central poets - T. S. Eliot, Wallace Stevens, and Theodore Roethke - in matters of belief? No other critique of American poetry, prior to this study, has systematically linked the idea of the sacred with the practice of metaphor. Nor has a compelling case been made, until now, for viewing meditation, a style of thinking close to prayer, as the source or "ground" of these poets."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved

This book investigates the phenomenological ways that dance choreographing and dance performance exemplify both Truth and meaning-making within Native American epistemology, from an analytic philosophical perspective. Given that within Native American communities dance is regarded both as an integral cultural conduit and “a doorway to a powerful wisdom,” Shay Welch argues that dance and dancing can both create and communicate knowledge. She explains that dance—as a form of oral, narrative storytelling—has the power to communicate knowledge of beliefs and histories, and that dance is a form of embodied narrative storytelling. Welch provides analytic clarity on how this happens, what conditions are required for it to succeed, and how dance can satisfy the relational and ethical facets of Native epistemology.

ISD From the Ground Up is a book for both the novice or experienced trainer and instructional design professional. Acquire new instructional development systems (ISD) skills, build or refine existing skills, or use this concise, how-to guide as a refresher course in classic ISD. You'll be able to participate with the author through interactive exercises and create an instructional plan for your own training event.

Little-known, and hidden between skyscrapers and wide avenues, some 650 community gardens dot New York City. Set within one of the densest and most expensive real estate markets, these gardens are attended by some of the least advantaged residents of the city. Urban residents use these spaces for horticulture, recreation, social gatherings, and artistic and cultural events. They manage the gardens collectively and with relative independence from top-down control. Despite continuous threats from market forces the gardens have been able to thrive as significant community spaces since the 1970s. This book shows how, in the process of attempting to protect these highly contested spaces, residents developed as community leaders and urban activists. Taking an interdisciplinary approach to follow the political development of urban residents, the book examines how everyday spatial practices, social interactions, the production of alternative urban space, and the generation of new urban knowledge render community gardeners into important social actors in the urban scene. The book argues that with this process of production of space a new type of ’organic resident’ evolves. These urbanites constantly engage with their urban environment, find ways to make the city more supportive for their collective needs, and produce the city in their own image. Community gardeners as organic residents claim their right to the city, act to materialize their vision of the city, and utilize the special potential of the locale to constitute themselves as powerful social actors on the urban scene.

This is a philosophical treatise on war written by an Oxford grad who served in Afghanistan.

The Pre-Tribulational Rapture theory of the end times is the most prevalent and well-known end time scenario of the Bible. It is well entrenched and established in most fundamental churches. The Pre-Tribulational Rapture has been popularized by the Left Behind book and movie series. However, consider the following: What if the blessed hope was not a promise of the Rapture? What if the wrath the Church was not appointed to had nothing to do with the Tribulation? What if the Rapture is not and cannot be an imminent event? What if the Antichrist will not and cannot rule over the entire world? What if the Church is not missing during any portion of the book of Revelation? What if the "falling away" in 2 Thessalonians 2:3 is only a reference to the end time apostasy of the Church predicted by Jesus? What if only unbelievers enter into the Millennial Kingdom? What if Enoch is no more a representation of a Pre-Tribulational Rapture than Elijah is a representation of a Post-Tribulational Rapture? What if the time at which both the Rapture and the Second Coming will occur is unknown? What if Jesus, Paul, and Daniel presented the exact same end-time scenario? What if a literal interpretation of Scripture reveals a Post-Tribulational Rapture? In a detailed and thorough analysis of Scripture, The Rapture: From the Ground Up explores these and many more questions related to the end-time events surrounding the Rapture in a step-by-step approach. This eschatological study is unsurpassed in detail for the knowledgeable Bible student and yet remains basic, simple, and straightforward for the novice. Using a literal interpretation of Scripture, the Post-Tribulational Rapture is the undeniable result of such a diligent and literal study of God's Word.

How does soil, as an ecological element, shape culture? With the sixteenth-century shift in England from an agrarian economy to a trade economy, what changes do we see in representations of soil as reflected in the language and stories during that time? This collection brings focused scholarly attention to conceptions of soil in the early modern period, both as a symbol and as a feature of the physical world, aiming to correct faulty assumptions that cloud our understanding of early modern ecological thought: that natural resources were then poorly understood and recklessly managed, and that cultural practices developed in an adversarial relationship with natural processes. Moreover, these essays elucidate the links between humans and the lands they inhabit, both then and now.

Lumen gentium, the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church of the Second Vatican Council, uses various images to speak about the Church. This study is about the Church as the Bride of Christ. Unlike the great images of the Church as the People of God and the Body of Christ, the image of the Church as the Bride of Christ has never been extensively examined since the Second Vatican Council. The current research is a biblical and systematic-theological study of this image. Its main question is what this metaphor can tell us about the essence of the Church, and what its consequences are for the life of the Church today.