"This monograph explores the under-researched use of music in Jean-Luc Godard's films and video essays from the early 1960s to the late 1990s. While Godard is largely hailed as a leading innovator of visual montage, unique storytelling style, and ground-breaking cinematography, his achievements as a leading pioneer in sculpting complex soundtracks altering the familiar relationship between sound and image have been mainly overlooked. On these soundtracks, music assumes the unique role of metafilm music. Metafilm music self-consciously refers to its own role as film music and disrupts the primary function of film music as an essential filmic device creating cinematic illusion. The concept of metafilm music describes how Godard thinks with film music about film music. Metafilm music manifests itself in Godard's work in four distinct manners: as fragmentized musical cues; as the same fragment verbatim repeated several times; as extrapolated, short excerpts from classical or popular music; and as music mixed unusually loudly into the soundtrack. With a detailed analysis of these parameters, the book explores fragmented and repeated music as Godard's critique of the leitmotif technique. Godard further self-reflexively investigates genre-specific music in musical comedies, films noir, and melodramas, as well as prototypical film music as arguably its own musical genre. His last foray into metafilm music entails music-making as a metaphor for filmmaking. By thinking with music about the function of film music, Godard has created throughout his career multi-layered soundtracks which challenge the conventional norms of film music and sound"--

"This monograph explores the under-researched use of music in Jean-Luc Godard's films and video essays from the early 1960s to the late 1990s. While Godard is largely hailed as a leading innovator of visual montage, unique storytelling style, and ground-breaking cinematography, his achievements as a leading pioneer in sculpting complex soundtracks altering the familiar relationship between sound and image have been mainly overlooked. On these soundtracks, music assumes the unique role of metafilm music. Metafilm music self-consciously refers to its own role as film music and disrupts the primary function of film music as an essential filmic device creating cinematic illusion. The concept of metafilm music describes how Godard thinks with film music about film music. Metafilm music manifests itself in Godard's work in four distinct manners: as fragmentized musical cues; as the same fragment verbatim repeated several times; as extrapolated, short excerpts from classical or popular music; and as music mixed unusually loudly into the soundtrack. With a detailed analysis of these parameters, the book explores fragmented and repeated music as Godard's critique of the leitmotif technique. Godard further self-reflexively investigates genre-specific music in musical comedies, films noir, and melodramas, as well as prototypical film music as arguably its own musical genre. His last foray into metafilm music entails music-making as a metaphor for filmmaking. By thinking with music about the function of film music, Godard has created throughout his career multi-layered soundtracks which challenge the conventional norms of film music and sound"--

Music, Authorship, Narration, and Art Cinema in Europe: 1940s to 1980s investigates the function of music in European cinema after the Second World War up to the fall of the Berlin wall, a period when composers and directors embraced experimentation. Through analyses of music and sound in a wide range of iconic films from across Europe, the essays in this book provide a nuanced reconsideration of three core themes: auteur theory, art house film, and national cinema. Chapters written by an international array of contributors focus on case studies of music in the cinema of Carlos Saura, Jean-Pierre Melville, the Polish School, and Romanian directors, as well as collaborations between directors and composers, including Michelangelo Antonioni and Giovanni Fusco, Federico Fellini and Nino Rota, Leo Arnshtam and Dmitry Shostakovich, and Peter Greenaway and Michael Nyman. The contributors shift the emphasis from a director-centered view to the working relationship between director and composer, and from the visual component to the sonic aspects of these films, without ignoring the close correlation between soundtrack and visual elements. Enriching our understanding of the complex, intertwined nature of authorship in film, the role of film music, and sound, nation-state and art cinema, and European cinematic history, this volume offers a valuable addition to research across music and film studies.

This handbook tackles the understudied relationship between music and comedy cinema by analysing the nature, perception, and function of music from fresh perspectives. Its approach is not only multidisciplinary, but also interdisciplinary in its close examination of how music and other cinematic devices interact in the creation of comedy. The volume addresses gender representation, national identities, stylistic strategies, and employs inputs from cultural studies, musicology, music theory, psychology, cognitivism, semiotics, formal and stylistic film analysis, and psychoanalysis. It is organised in four sections: general introductions, theoretical investigations, music and comedy within national cinemas, and exemplary case studies of films or authors.

The need for a research volume on European theatre music and sound is almost self-evident. Musical and sonic practices have been an integral part of theatre ever since the artform was first established 2,500 years ago: not just in subsequent genres that are explicitly driven by music, such as opera, operetta, ballet, or musical theatre, but in all kinds of theatrical forms and conventions. Conversely, academic recognition of the role of theatre music, its aesthetics, creative processes, authorships, traditions, and innovations is still insufficient. This volume unites experts from different disciplines and backgrounds to make a significant contribution to the much-needed discourse on theatre music. The term itself is a shapeshifter that signifies different phenomena at different times: the book thus deliberately casts a wide net to explore both the highly contextual terminologies and the many ways in which different times and cultures understand ‘theatre music’. By treating theatre music as a practice, focusing on its role in creating and watching performances, the book appeals to a wide range of readerships: researchers and students of all levels, journalists, audiences, and practitioners. It will be useful to universities and conservatoires alike and relevant for many disciplines in the humanities.

Like his fellow filmmakers Stanley Kubrick, Quentin Tarantino, and Sofia Coppola, Wong Kar-wai crafts the soundtracks of his films by jettisoning original scores in favor of commercial recordings. In Remixing Wong Kar-wai, Giorgio Biancorosso examines the combinatorial practice at the heart of Wong’s cinema to retheorize musical borrowing, appropriation, and repurposing. Wong’s irrepressible penchant for poaching music from other films—whether old Chinese melodramas, Hollywood blockbusters, or European art films—subsumes familiar music under his own brand of cinema. As Wong combs through musical and cinematic archives and splices disparate music together, exceedingly well-known music loses its previous associations and acquires an infinite new constellation of meanings in his films. Drawing on Claude Lévi-Strauss’s concept of bricolage, Biancorosso contends that Wong’s borrowing is akin to a practice of creative destruction in which Wong becomes a bricoleur who remixes music at hand to create new and complete, self-sustaining statements. By outlining Wong’s modus operandi of indiscriminate borrowing and remixing, Biancorosso prompts readers to reconsider the significance of transforming preexisting music into new compositions for film and beyond.

From fan-generated content on TikTok to music videos, the contemporary media landscape is becoming ever more vast, spectacular, and intense. In The Media Swirl Carol Vernallis examines short-form audiovisual media—Beyoncé’s Lemonade, brief sequences from Baz Luhrmann’s The Great Gatsby, TikTok challenges, YouTube mashups, commercials, and many other examples—to offer ways of understanding digital media. She analyzes music videos by Beyoncé, Lady Gaga, Janelle Monáe, Kendrick Lamar, Anderson .Paak, and others to outline how sound and image enhance each other and shape a viewer’s mood. Responding to today’s political-media landscape through discussions of Fox News and Presidential inaugurations, Vernallis shows how a media literacy that exceeds newscasts and campaign advertising is central to engaging with the democratic commons. Forays into industry studies, neuroscience, and ethics also inform her readings. By creating our own content and knowing what corporations, the wealthy, and the government do through media, Vernallis contends, we can create a more just world.

"The introduction lays out the basic theoretical framework for acoustic profiling, a method for listening to films by way of acoustic ecology (and vice-versa). This method is based on a double critical movement. On the one hand, a sound ecology of the cinema entails the application of acoustic ecology's prescribed listening practices to film sound studies. On the other hand, a new way of thinking about acoustic ecology is born of film studies, a way to consider acoustic ecology's practice through film studies' long history of dealing with problems of fidelity and realism through recording technologies. This intersection of fields offers a necessary critical discourse for handling the challenges inherent in navigating acoustic ecology's media practices. The four dimensions of acoustic ecology are described as documentation, analysis, prescription, and composition, and it is explained how these dimensions can intersect with a variety of standard concepts in film sound theory. In turn, this introduction explains how the set of films to be analyzed across the book will demonstrate, enact, and challenge these dimensions through their mediality, defined here as a mode of reflexivity that emphasizes the role of media technologies in engaging with, rather than acting as barrier to, real-world space. The films expose the myth of vanishing mediation and invite audiences to reflect upon their approaches to the audiovisual construction of space so that we may carry this reflection out to the world beyond the frame of the screen and its surrounding walls. The intersection of acoustic ecology and film sound studies can make films work as both extensions of acoustic ecology and means for critically re-thinking the field"--

Mobilizing Music in Wartime British Film examines the preoccupation with art music and total war that animated British films of the 1940s.

Across a broad spectrum of media, markets, and national contexts, self-reflexivity continues to be a favored narrative mode with wide ranging functions. In this book Amago argues that, in addition to making visible industry and production concerns within the film text, reflexive aesthetics have a cartographic function that serves to map the place of a film (geographic and cultural) within the global cinemascape, and thus to bring into sharper relief images of the national. Focusing on films in the contemporary Spanish context that in some way reflect back on themselves and the processes of their own production, that purposefully blur the distinction between reality and fiction, or that draw attention to the various modes of cinematic exhibition and reception, Amago proposes ways in which these movies can be employed to understand Spanish national cinemas today as imbedded within a dynamic global system.