Indian doctors, schooled in Western science, are ignorant of the medical ethics of their own culture. They make a conscious effort to distance themselves from Ayurvedic medicine, in which the ethical codes are enshrined.Teachers and students forget that values have universal applicability, regardless of the mode of practice - Western or traditional - and that the patient remains the same regardless of the system.Unethical practices in getting entry into medical colleges as students.

Healthcare is one of a few professions that set a code of decorum for its professionals. In yester years the relationship between the doctor and patient was paternalistic but todays scenario has changed. The advancement of medical science and technology has made it extremely important to maintain an accord between medicine and ethics to safe guard against malefaction in the field of medicine and research. The concept of Medical Law and Ethics basically looks into the inherent rights that patients have regarding the privacy of their medical records, doctor-patient confidentiality, the right to obtain emergency treatment and so on. This field essentially sees you juggling between two apparently diverse and widespread fields, where your playground is the various ethical considerations that have to be taken seriously while delving into medical science and the various procedures involved in the same. Medical education any where in the world is governed by various legislations applicable to different nations, regions, culuteres and religions. Medical teaching is incomplete with out creating awareness of these legal responsibilities to the budding doctors. Which is legally depends on the medical terms like bio ethis, eugenics, euthanasia, consensual activity, legal rights, freedom of information, consumer protection, lack of communication, confidentiality, hospital accreditation, truth telling, conflict of interest, referral, fee splitting, treatment of relatives, sexual relationships, substituted judgment, vender relationships, medical futility, legal parties, medical negligence, expert testimony, damages, medical record, privacy law, quality of life (QoL) and reproductive rights. Medical law concerns the responsibilities of medical professionals towards the patient and rights of the patient. The first recorded medical law was the code of Hammurabi, which said; "if a physician make a large incision with the operating knife, and kill him, his hands shall be cut off." When I was talking to a group of present day surgeons about this, the immediate comment was that there would be no body in the hall except the hall boys who would have hands! Thus the need for the medical laws arose due to errors and injustice done to the society purposely or inadvertently. Ignorance of knowledge is not a crime, but negligence is. So over the years, several laws had to be enunciated to protect the society against the harms from the medical profession. Medical ethics is the study of moral values and judgments as they apply to medicine, encompassing history, philosophy, theology, and sociology. The earliest evidence of professional oath is recorded in the 12th-century in the Byzantine manuscript. These may be traced to guidelines for physicians in the Hippocratic Oath, early Christian teachings, Formula Comitis Archiatrorum, Muslim medicine, Jewish thinkers, Roman Catholic scholastic thinkers Catholic moral theology. These intellectual traditions continue in Catholic, Islamic and Jewish medical ethics. The profession is tailored for medical professionals as well as legal officers as it essential involves a blend of both these practices and professions. Moreover, the practice of Medical Law and Ethics essentially goes beyond the aspects of just ensuring lack of negligence during medical procedures and prevention of personal injury to the patients. The practice of Medical Law and Ethics essentially goes beyond the boundaries of these aforementioned aspects of medical ethics and essentially looks into providing advice to medical practitioners as well as medical organizations, helping in the formulation as well as implementation of health policies and medical laws, and even extends into functions such as ensuring proper formulation and implementation of appropriate risk management procedures in order to curb the incidence of unethical processes.

Indian doctors, schooled in Western science, are ignorant of the medical ethics of their own culture. They make a conscious effort to distance themselves from Ayurvedic medicine, in which the ethical codes are enshrined. Teachers and students forget that values have universal applicability, regardless of the mode of practice - Western or traditional - and that the patient remains the same regardless of the system.Unethical practices in getting entry into medical colleges as students are rampant. Private medical colleges necessitate huge capital investments by each medical student. On graduation, there is a need to recover these investments and generate profit on them as soon as the doctor starts practice. Hence for the awareness of that this book is created.

This monograph is the most comprehensive comparative law study of legal responsibility arising from medical care presently available. It is written for doctors as well as health care administrators and legal professionals. Focusing on the problems of civil liability, it presents the development, points of contact with, and differences between the modern law of medical liability stemming from both the Common Law and Civil Law traditions of England, Scotland, Eire, New Zealand, Australia, Canada, the United States, South Africa, France, Belgium, West Germany, Switzerland, and Austria. It demonstrates the extent to which both problems of medical law and trends towards their solution are already familiar in these legal systems. The work describes principles and trends, not by confronting the reader with national reports' and separate chapters on different legal systems; rather, the relevant legal problems are analyzed from an integrative, comparative viewpoint. The main thrust of the presentation is the analysis of numerous court decisions -- the number of which is rising ominously in the United States -- on the civil liability of doctors and hospitals for damages arising from substandard treatment or inadequate disclosure of information to the patient. References to the legal and medical literature, indexes, and a refined system of cross-references, together with an important collection of appendices covering legal and ethical declarations make this work accessible as a handbook and reference work for the legal and social problems encountered today in the wide area of law, ethics, and medicine.

Although working on the sidelines of armed conflicts, physicians are often at the centre of attention. First Do No harm: Medical Ethics in International Humanitarian Law was born from the occasionally controversial role of physicians in recent armed conflicts and the legal and ethical rules that frame their actions. While international humanitarian, human rights and criminal law provide a framework of rights and obligations that bind physicians in armed conflicts, the reference to ‘medical ethics’ in the laws of armed conflict adds an extra-legal layer. In analysing both the legal and the ethical framework for physicians in armed conflict, the book is invaluable to practitioners and legal scholars alike.

What should happen when doctors and parents disagree about what would be best for a child? When should courts become involved? Should life support be stopped against parents' wishes? The case of Charlie Gard, reached global attention in 2017. It led to widespread debate about the ethics of disagreements between doctors and parents, about the place of the law in such disputes, and about the variation in approach between different parts of the world. In this book, medical ethicists Dominic Wilkinson and Julian Savulescu critically examine the ethical questions at the heart of disputes about medical treatment for children. They use the Gard case as a springboard to a wider discussion about the rights of parents, the harms of treatment, and the vital issue of limited resources. They discuss other prominent UK and international cases of disagreement and conflict. From opposite sides of the debate Wilkinson and Savulescu provocatively outline the strongest arguments in favour of and against treatment. They analyse some of the distinctive and challenging features of treatment disputes in the 21st century and argue that disagreement about controversial ethical questions is both inevitable and desirable. They outline a series of lessons from the Gard case and propose a radical new 'dissensus' framework for future cases of disagreement. - This new book critically examines the core ethical questions at the heart of disputes about medical treatment for children. - The contents review prominent cases of disagreement from the UK and internationally and analyse some of the distinctive and challenging features around treatment disputes in the 21st century. - The book proposes a radical new framework for future cases of disagreement around the care of gravely ill people.

"Doctors have been concerned with ethics since the earliest days of medical practice. Traditionally, medical practitioners have been expected to be motivated by a desire to help their patients. Ethical codes and systems, such as the Hippocratic Oath, have emphasised this. During the latter half of the 20th century, advances in medical science, in conjunction with social and political changes, meant that the accepted conventions of the doctor/patient relationship were increasingly being questioned. After the Nuremberg Trials, in which the crimes of Nazi doctors, among others, were exposed, it became clear that doctors cannot be assumed to be good simply by virtue of their profession. Not only this, but doctors who transgress moral boundaries can harm people in the most appalling ways"--

This is a short textbook of ethics and law aimed primarily at medical students. The book is in two sections. The first considers general aspects of ethics (in the context of medicine); the second section covers the topics identified in the 'consensus agreement'. The content of medical law is not intended to be comprehensive and relates very much to the ethical issues. The law will be updated throughout including: consent in light of Mental Capacity Act; mental health law in light of Mental Health Act; end of life (depending on outcome of Burke case and the passage of the Joffe Bill); assisted reproduction in light of expected changes in HFEA. New guidelines to be added: the guidelines and processes around medical research are under review and likely to develop and change; GMC guidelines are under continual revision (the Burke case in particular may have direct impact, but it is also likely that the confidentiality guidelines will undergo revision particularly in view of the increasing importance of genetic data). The new legal aspects outlined above will require some changes to the ethical analysis: the ethical issues of new technology will be included (cloning; transgenesis and chimera, i.e. forming organisms from more than one species) and stem-cells; resource allocation ethics is moving on to examining a wider range of issues than covered in the first edition and this will be discussed; the whole area of mental disorder and capacity to consent is an active area of ethical research and the second edition would cover some of this new work.

This short textbook of ethics and law is aimed at doctors in training and in practice. Medical ethics and law are now firmly embedded in the curricula of medical schools. The ability to make clinical decisions on the basis of critical reasoning is a skill that is rightly presumed as necessary in today's doctors. Medical decisions involve not only scientific understanding but also ethical values and legal analysis. The belief that it is ethically right to act in one way rather than another should be based on good reasons: it is not enough to follow what doctors have always done, nor what experienced doctors now do. The third edition has been revised and updated to reflect changes in the core curriculum for students, developments in the law as well as advances in medicine and technology. - The first part of the book covers the foundations of ethics and law in the context of medicine. - The second part covers specific core topics that are essential for health professionals to understand. - The third section of the book includes new chapters on cutting edge topics that will be crucial for the doctors and health professionals of tomorrow. - This new edition includes a new third section that provides an extension to the core curriculum focused on four key emerging topics in medical ethics – neuroethics, genethics, information ethics and public health ethics. - The chapters on Consent, Capacity and Mental Health Law have been extensively revised to reflect changes in legislation. Chapters on confidentiality and information ethics contain new sections relating to information technology, sharing information and breaching confidentiality. - Each chapter contains case examples drawn from personal experience or from the media. - This edition also includes cartoons to highlight cutting edge and topical issues. - Most chapters include revision questions and an extension case to encourage readers who are interested in a topic to explore further.