The book aims to provide an unifying view of a variety (a 'zoo') of mathematical models with some kind of singular nonlinearity, in the sense that it becomes infinite when the state variable approaches a certain point. Up to 11 different concrete models are analyzed in separate chapters. Each chapter starts with a discussion of the basic model and its physical significance. Then the main results and typical proofs are outlined, followed by open problems. Each chapter is closed by a suitable list of references. The book may serve as a guide for researchers interested in the modelling of real world processes.

An authoritative reference and the first comprehensive treatment of the singularities of the minimal model program.

Constructible and perverse sheaves are the algebraic counterpart of the decomposition of a singular space into smooth manifolds. This introduction to the subject can be regarded as a textbook on modern algebraic topology, treating the cohomology of spaces with sheaf (as opposed to constant) coefficients. The author helps readers progress quickly from the basic theory to current research questions, thoroughly supported along the way by examples and exercises.

The book integrates theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and modeling approaches for the treatment of singular phenomena. The projects covered focus on actual applied problems, and develop qualitatively new and mathematically challenging methods for various problems from the natural sciences. Ranging from stochastic and geometric analysis over nonlinear analysis and modelling to numerical analysis and scientific computation, the book is divided into the three sections: A) Scaling limits of diffusion processes and singular spaces, B) Multiple scales in mathematical models of materials science and biology and C) Numerics for multiscale models and singular phenomena. Each section addresses the key aspects of multiple scales and model hierarchies, singularities and degeneracies, and scaling laws and self-similarity.

This book is an introduction to singularities for graduate students and researchers. It is said that algebraic geometry originated in the seventeenth century with the famous work Discours de la méthode pour bien conduire sa raison, et chercher la vérité dans les sciences by Descartes. In that book he introduced coordinates to the study of geometry. After its publication, research on algebraic varieties developed steadily. Many beautiful results emerged in mathematicians’ works. Most of them were about non-singular varieties. Singularities were considered “bad” objects that interfered with knowledge of the structure of an algebraic variety. In the past three decades, however, it has become clear that singularities are necessary for us to have a good description of the framework of varieties. For example, it is impossible to formulate minimal model theory for higher-dimensional cases without singularities. Another example is that the moduli spaces of varieties have natural compactification, the boundaries of which correspond to singular varieties. A remarkable fact is that the study of singularities is developing and people are beginning to see that singularities are interesting and can be handled by human beings. This book is a handy introduction to singularities for anyone interested in singularities. The focus is on an isolated singularity in an algebraic variety. After preparation of varieties, sheaves, and homological algebra, some known results about 2-dim ensional isolated singularities are introduced. Then a classification of higher-dimensional isolated singularities is shown according to plurigenera and the behavior of singularities under a deformation is studied.

An elementary introduction to the geometrical methods and notions used in special and general relativity. Emphasizes the ideas concerned with structure of space-time that play a role in Penrose-Hawking singularity theorems.

This marks the 100th volume to appear in the Applied Mathematical Sci ences series. Partial Differential Equations, by Fritz John, the first volume of the series, appeared in 1971. One year prior to its appearance, the then mathematics editor of Springer-Verlag, Klaus Peters, organized a meeting to look into the possibility of starting a series slanted toward applications. The meeting took place in New Rochelle, at the home of Fritz and Char lotte John. K.O. Friedrichs, Peter Lax, Monroe Donsker, Joe Keller, and others from the Courant Institute (previously, the Institute for Mathemat ical Sciences) were present as were Joe LaSalle and myself, the two of us having traveled down from Providence for the meeting. The John home, a large, comfortable house, especially lent itself to the informal, relaxed, and wide-ranging discussion that ensued. What emerged was a consensus that mathematical applications appeared to be poised for a period of growth and that there was a clear need for a series committed to applied mathematics. The first paragraph ofthe editorial statement written at that time reads as follows: The mathematization of all sciences, the fading of traditional scientific boundaries, the impact of computer technology, the growing importance of mathematical-computer modeling and the necessity of scientific planning all create the need both in education and research for books that are introductory to and abreast of these developments.

The book provides a comprehensive overview on the theory on analysis of singularities for partial differential equations (PDEs). It contains a summarization of the formation, development and main results on this topic. Some of the author's discoveries and original contributions are also included, such as the propagation of singularities of solutions to nonlinear equations, singularity index and formation of shocks.

This book mathematically derives the theory underlying the Belinski-Khalatnikov-Lifshitz conjecture on the general solution of the Einstein equations with a cosmological singularity.

This volume provides a comprehensive review of multiple-scale dynamical systems. Mathematical models of such multiple-scale systems are considered singular perturbation problems, and this volume focuses on the geometric approach known as Geometric Singular Perturbation Theory (GSPT). It is the first of its kind that introduces the GSPT in a coordinate-independent manner. This is motivated by specific examples of biochemical reaction networks, electronic circuit and mechanic oscillator models and advection-reaction-diffusion models, all with an inherent non-uniform scale splitting, which identifies these examples as singular perturbation problems beyond the standard form. The contents cover a general framework for this GSPT beyond the standard form including canard theory, concrete applications, and instructive qualitative models. It contains many illustrations and key pointers to the existing literature. The target audience are senior undergraduates, graduate students and researchers interested in using the GSPT toolbox in nonlinear science, either from a theoretical or an application point of view. Martin Wechselberger is Professor at the School of Mathematics & Statistics, University of Sydney, Australia. He received the J.D. Crawford Prize in 2017 by the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) for achievements in the field of dynamical systems with multiple time-scales.