The asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter is an intriguing area of our solar system. Scientists have counted over 670,000 known asteroids there, but there could be millions more not yet found. Readers will discover much more about the asteroid belt in this high-interest book, which blends science and math. They’ll read about several topics, such as space missions to the asteroid belt and the difference between an asteroid and a planet, and solve associated math problems—just like actual space scientists do!

The asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter is an intriguing area of our solar system. Scientists have counted over 670,000 known asteroids there, but there could be millions more not yet found. Readers will discover much more about the asteroid belt in this high-interest book, which blends science and math. They’ll read about several topics, such as space missions to the asteroid belt and the difference between an asteroid and a planet, and solve associated math problems—just like actual space scientists do!

Mathematics of Complexity and Dynamical Systems is an authoritative reference to the basic tools and concepts of complexity, systems theory, and dynamical systems from the perspective of pure and applied mathematics. Complex systems are systems that comprise many interacting parts with the ability to generate a new quality of collective behavior through self-organization, e.g. the spontaneous formation of temporal, spatial or functional structures. These systems are often characterized by extreme sensitivity to initial conditions as well as emergent behavior that are not readily predictable or even completely deterministic. The more than 100 entries in this wide-ranging, single source work provide a comprehensive explication of the theory and applications of mathematical complexity, covering ergodic theory, fractals and multifractals, dynamical systems, perturbation theory, solitons, systems and control theory, and related topics. Mathematics of Complexity and Dynamical Systems is an essential reference for all those interested in mathematical complexity, from undergraduate and graduate students up through professional researchers.

The 23rd Cycle includes a history of the record of auroral sightings, accounts of blackouts from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, industries sensitive to solar storms, and radiation and health issues."--Jacket.

This book is the outcome of my conclusion that current mathematics education, taken in total, is a disaster and that by sharing my experience and thoughts about teaching mathematics I might be helpful to colleagues, students, and others who are concerned about mathematics education to mitigate this state of affairs. Mathematics education disaster in what sense? No, it?s not in the sense that I believe insuffi cient attention is being given to number fundamentals. It has to do with the almost unanimously held erroneous view about the nature, precision, and infallibility of mathematics that we acquire from the current state of mathematics education. Current mathematics education does not prepare us for life in the 21st century, which requires an understanding of the mathematical modeling perspective, of what mathematics can do and its limitations, and an appreciation of the questions that should be considered to help us distinguish numbers that inform from those that deceive. If the wizards of Wall Street had a 21st century mathematics education, there is a good chance that they would not have put unquestioning faith in their value at risk math models and the fi nancial meltdown of 2008-09 would have been avoided, or at least softened. If the nation?s decision makers and the public at large were better educated about what questions to give thought to when numbers continually hurled at them are the basis for decision making, they would be less vulnerable to accepting faulty numbers and all of us would be less at risk to the consequences of bad decision making.

This ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF MATHEMATICS aims to be a reference work for all parts of mathe matics. It is a translation with updates and editorial comments of the Soviet Mathematical Encyclopaedia published by 'Soviet Encyclopaedia Publishing House' in five volumes in 1977-1985. The annotated translation consists of ten volumes including a special index volume. There are three kinds of articles in this ENCYCLOPAEDIA. First of all there are survey-type articles dealing with the various main directions in mathematics (where a rather fine subdivi sion has been used). The main requirement for these articles has been that they should give a reasonably complete up-to-date account of the current state of affairs in these areas and that they should be maximally accessible. On the whole, these articles should be understandable to mathematics students in their first specialization years, to graduates from other mathematical areas and, depending on the specific subject, to specialists in other domains of science, en gineers and teachers of mathematics. These articles treat their material at a fairly general level and aim to give an idea of the kind of problems, techniques and concepts involved in the area in question. They also contain background and motivation rather than precise statements of precise theorems with detailed definitions and technical details on how to carry out proofs and constructions. The second kind of article, of medium length, contains more detailed concrete problems, results and techniques.

From the phases of the moon seen on Earth to the rotation of far-off galaxies, mathematics can be used to explain what's happening in the universe. Full-color photographs and related age-appropriate math questions engage young readers and demonstrate real world applications of mathematics.

How far should our realism extend? For many years philosophers of mathematics and philosophers of ethics have worked independently to address the question of how best to understand the entities apparently referred to by mathematical and ethical talk. But the similarities between their endeavours are not often emphasised. This book provides that emphasis. In particular, it focuses on two types of argumentative strategies that have been deployed in both areas. The first--debunking arguments--aims to put pressure on realism by emphasising the seeming redundancy of mathematical or moral entities when it comes to explaining our judgements. In the moral realm this challenge has been made by Gilbert Harman and Sharon Street; in the mathematical realm it is known as the 'Benacerraf-Field' problem. The second strategy--indispensability arguments--aims to provide support for realism by emphasising the seeming intellectual indispensability of mathematical or moral entities, for example when constructing good explanatory theories. This strategy is associated with Quine and Putnam in mathematics and with Nicholas Sturgeon and David Enoch in ethics. Explanation in Ethics and Mathematics addresses these issues through an explicitly comparative methodology which we call the 'companions in illumination' approach. By considering how argumentative strategies in the philosophy of mathematics might apply to the philosophy of ethics, and vice versa, the papers collected here break new ground in both areas. For good measure, two further companions for illumination are also broached: the philosophy of chance and the philosophy of religion. Collectively, these comparisons light up new questions, arguments, and problems of interest to scholars interested in realism in any area.