A Brookings Institution Press and Visions of Governance for the 21st Century publication The latest in a series exploring twenty-first-century governance, this new volume examines the use of market means to pursue public goals. Market-based governance includes both the delegation of traditionally governmental functions to private players, and the importation into government of market-style management approaches and mechanisms of accountability. The contributors (all from Harvard University) assess market-based governance from four perspectives: The demand side deals with new, revised, or newly important forms of interaction between government and the market where the public sector is the customer. Chapters in this section include Steve Kelman on federal procurement reform, Karen Eggleston and Richard Zeckhauser on contracting for health care, and Peter Frumkin. The supply side section deals with unsettled questions about government's role as a provider (rather than a purchaser) within the market system. Contributors include Georges de Menil, Frederick Schauer and Virginia Wise. A third section explores experiments with market-based arrangements for orchestrating accountability outside government by altering the incentives that operate inside market institutions. Chapters include Robert Stavins on market-based environmental policy, Archon Fung on social markets, and Cary Coglianese and David Lazer. The final section examines both the upside and the downside of the market-based approach to improving governance. Contributors include Elaine Kamarck, John D. Donahue, Mark Moore, and Robert Behn. An introduction by John D. Donahue frames market-based governance as an effort to engineer into public work some of the intensive accountability that characterizes markets without surrendering the extensive accountability of conventional government. A preface by Joseph S. Nye Jr. sets the book in the context of a larger inquiry into the future of governance.

Seminar paper from the year 2015 in the subject Economics - Finance, grade: 1,3, University of Leipzig (Wirtschaftspolitik), course: Development of Financial Markets and Institutions, language: English, abstract: Few areas of business economics are discussed in such a controversial manner as different corporate governance systems. In a globalized age in which the capital markets of industrialized countries have a large operating range and a growing degree of internationalization, the design and regulation activities in this field have become increasingly important. This has triggered a "competition of institutions". In the current academic discussion, different corporate governance paradigms are being examined, to figure out, which could be the most successful in a market economy in order to attract investors. It considers what system of management of a capitalled company is the most appropriate - in order to provide a location or rather a country - a competitive advantage in competition for global players. It is assumed that the type of the corporate governance system influences the company’s success or even more on the entire national economy. As reference points, the German and the US model are often being used. Since they are opposed to one another in their paradigmatic and thus embody the exemplary corporate governance system. In addition, since the Cold War and beyond, the US has been a hegemon and has always had a great influence on the economic and financial system worldwide. Germany is regarded as the political and economic core of the most important partner of the USA, the European Union. Both are regarded as a highly developed economic system; their further development will attract attention beyond their national borders. Although, the aim of corporate governance is identical, the institutional design and the underlying philosophies differ. As of a 1980 ́s it appears that the German bank-based system cannot meet the needs of the swift progress of financial markets. From the 1990s onwards, especially in the case of some serious legal measures in Germany, a move towards capital market orientation has been taking place. Since the prediction of a system convergence has been considered critical - because they are embedded in a corresponding cultural and socioeconomic system, which makes the transferability of the respective economic paradigms doubtful - this paper tries to examine if these legal regulations triggered a change in the German financial system.

We live in an era of human-dominated ecosystems in which the demand for environmental governance is rising rapidly. At the same time, confidence in the capacity of governments to meet this demand is waning. How can we address the resultant governance deficit and achieve sustainable development? This book brings together perspectives from economics, management, and political science in order to identify innovative approaches to governance and bring them to bear on environmental issues. The authors' analysis of important cases demonstrates how governance systems need to fit their specific setting and how effective policies can be developed without relying exclusively on government. They argue that the future of environmental policies lies in coordinated systems that simultaneously engage actors located in the public sector, the private sector, and civil society. Governance for the Environment draws attention to cutting-edge questions for practitioners and analysts interested in environmental governance.

This book introduces a theory for how the state shapes private governance, leveraging data from informal markets in Lagos, Nigeria.

Corporate Governance Matters gives corporate board members, officers, directors, and other stakeholders the full spectrum of knowledge they need to implement and sustain superior governance. Authored by two leading experts, this comprehensive reference thoroughly addresses every component of governance. The authors carefully synthesize current academic and professional research, summarizing what is known, what is unknown, and where the evidence remains inconclusive. Along the way, they illuminate many key topics overlooked in previous books on the subject. Coverage includes: International corporate governance. Compensation, equity ownership, incentives, and the labor market for CEOs. Optimal board structure, tradeoffs, and consequences. Governance, organizational strategy, business models, and risk management. Succession planning. Financial reporting and external audit. The market for corporate control. Roles of institutional and activist shareholders. Governance ratings. The authors offer models and frameworks demonstrating how the components of governance fit together, with concrete examples illustrating key points. Throughout, their balanced approach is focused strictly on two goals: to “get the story straight,” and to provide useful tools for making better, more informed decisions.

Why does corporate governance--front page news with the collapse of Enron, WorldCom, and Parmalat--vary so dramatically around the world? This book explains how politics shapes corporate governance--how managers, shareholders, and workers jockey for advantage in setting the rules by which companies are run, and for whom they are run. It combines a clear theoretical model on this political interaction, with statistical evidence from thirty-nine countries of Europe, Asia, Africa, and North and South America and detailed narratives of country cases. This book differs sharply from most treatments by explaining differences in minority shareholder protections and ownership concentration among countries in terms of the interaction of economic preferences and political institutions. It explores in particular the crucial role of pension plans and financial intermediaries in shaping political preferences for different rules of corporate governance. The countries examined sort into two distinct groups: diffuse shareholding by external investors who pick a board that monitors the managers, and concentrated blockholding by insiders who monitor managers directly. Examining the political coalitions that form among or across management, owners, and workers, the authors find that certain coalitions encourage policies that promote diffuse shareholding, while other coalitions yield blockholding-oriented policies. Political institutions influence the probability of one coalition defeating another.

Analyses governance structures for international finance, evaluates current regulatory reforms and proposes a new governance system for global financial markets.

These principles of corporate governance, endorsed by the OECD Council at Ministerial level in 1999, provide guidelines and standards to insure inclusion, accountability and abilit to attract capital.

This paper proposes an operational interpretation of the concept of economic governance. It argues that the capacity of governments to credibly ensure a secure economic environment provides an important benchmark against which governance can be evaluated. Such an environment—which is essential for sustained growth in a market economy—can be established through a rules–based system which ensures freedom of entry into the market, access to information, and sanctity of contracts. Since creating a secure economic environment involves profound, far–reaching social change, it has historically been a complex and lengthy process in most societies. However, basing policy prescriptions on this benchmark helps avoid possible conflicts between different social and moral values.