Approximately 10 years have elapsed since the first volume of the International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) Monographs on Pathology of Laboratory Animals, Endocrine System was completed. New information of interest to pathologists has developed at a rather remarkable pace during the intervening years. Exceptional progress has been made in the routine identification of cell products in endo crine cells. A better understanding has developed of the mechanisms involved in cell metabolism, particularly involving toxins and car cinogens. Clear concepts have developed concerning the significance of some pathologic lesions in the endocrine system and their relation to human health and risk assessment. Standardized nomenclature has developed significantly during the 1O-year period since the first volume and is being utilized on an international basis. This has resulted in significant improvement in communication of pathologic data to regulatory agencies and in scientific publications worldwide. This monograph series and others sponsored by ILSI have produced a significant effect on improved communications and the international acceptance of standardized nomenclature. In this second edition, new formats have been used where more appropriate for the subjects to be covered. In many cases, the format used in the first edition still is useful. It is still necessary to recognize the morphologic features of pathologic lesions in order to identify them precisely, an essential step toward development of new insights into pathogenetic mechanisms and their use in decisions eventually applicable to public health.

The increasing availability of technologies for interrogating genetically targeted neurons is driving a resurgence of empirical research aimed at determining the structure and function of the neural systems that control motivated behaviors. This has refocused attention on the hypothalamus, whose central role in behavioral control was identified about a century ago. As a result, new insights into hypothalamic contributions to the control of motivated behaviors are emerging, driven not only by the application of new technologies, but also by the application in parallel of iteratively refined established techniques, and increasingly by informatics approaches applied to maturing neuroscience databases. With this renewed interest in decrypting hypothalamic contributions to the control of motivated behaviors, it is timely to provide an updated overview that bridges current insights and historical foundations.

First multi-year cumulation covers six years: 1965-70.

This book describes some of the many different disciplines that are involved in investigations of neuroendocrine control mechanisms. It is intended for students, pre- and post-doctoral fellows, medical residents and others who are interested in neuroendocrine research.

This multidisciplinary book covers all aspects of oxygen delivery to tissue, including blood flow and its regulation as well as oxygen metabolism as discussed at the 33rd Annual Meeting of the International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue (ISOTT) held in Australia in 2005. Special attention is paid to methods of oxygen measurement in living tissue and the application of these technologies to understanding the physiological and biochemical basis for pathology related to tissue oxygenation.

Seventeen years after the 2nd International Symposium on Oxygen Transport to Tissue, which was held in Mainz in March 1975, the local Organizing Committee and the Board of ISOTT were pleased to host the ISOTT Conference in Mainz on the Rhine again. The venue of the 20th meeting was the prestigious, fully restored Schloss Waldthausen (Waldthausen Castle) which provided a special setting for ISOTT 1992. The beautiful front view of the castle became part of the ISOTT 1992 logo. The 20th ISOTT Meeting was held in Mainz from August 26th through August 30th, 1992. The Conference attracted 200 active participants from 16 countries. The theme of this meeting emphasized oxygen transport to tumors but as in earlier meetings, essentially all aspects of oxygen transport within the body were covered as demonstrated by the manuscripts comprising this volume of the series "Oxygen Transport to Tissue". All manuscripts were reviewed. Extensive revisions were made in about 25% and modest revision in about another 30%. Because we had to compromise between the aim of rapid publication on the one hand and the need for thorough review on the other, minor errors in format and some typographical errors were not corrected. Except for some revisions, all of the original camera-ready manuscripts in this volume were prepared by the authors themselves and we greatly appreciate their cooperation.

Based on a large variety of experiments on both humans and animals, this volume presents novel conceptualizations of the organizing consequences of hormones throughout the lifespans of mammals.

This book contains the refereed contributions from the 41st annual meeting of ISOTT. The annual meetings of ISOTT bring together scientists from various fields (medicine, physiology, mathematics, biology, chemistry, physics, engineering, etc.) in a unique international forum. Traditionally, ISOTT conferences are a place, where an atmosphere of interaction is created, where many questions are asked after each presentation and lively discussions occur at a high scientific level. This vivid interaction is the main motivation for members to participate and gain new ideas and knowledge in the broad field of oxygen transport to tissue. The papers in this volume summarize some of the outstanding contributions from the 41st annual meeting. Special features in this volume include invited presentations from senior members of ISOTT for the theme “the wisdom of ISOTT” in which founders, past presidents and prize winners from previous meetings provided both cutting edge new knowledge and integrated overviews of critical aspects of the field. The presentations and manuscripts also include those provided by the special opportunity provided by having part of the ISOTT meeting overlap with the EPR-2013 meeting where both focused on preclinical and clinical measurements of oxygen, with a particular emphasis on cancer. Chapters 22, 24, 25 and 26 are open access under a CC BY 4.0 license via link.springer.com.