The development of U.S. urban transportation policy over the past half-century illustrates the changing relationships among federal, state, and local governments. This comprehensive text examines the evolution of urban transportation planning from early developments in highway planning in the 1930s to today’s concerns over sustainable development, security, and pollution control. Highlighting major national events, the book examines the influence of legislation, regulations, conferences, federal programs, and advances in planning procedures and technology. The volume provides in-depth coverage of the most significant event in transportation planning, the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1962, which created a federal mandate for a comprehensive urban transportation planning process, carried out cooperatively by states and local governments with federal funding. Claiming that urban transportation planning is more sophisticated, costly, and complex than its highway and transit planning predecessors, the book demonstrates how urban transportation planning evolved in response to changes in such factors as the environment, energy, development patterns, intergovernmental coordination, and federal transit programs. This updated, revised, and expanded edition features two new chapters on global climate change and managing under conditions of constrained resources, and covers the impact of the most recent legislation, 50 years after the Highway Act of 1962, emphasizing such timely issues as security, oil dependence, performance measurement, and public-private sector collaboration.

As cities around the globe respond to rapid technological changes and political pressures, coordinated transport and land use planning is an often targeted aim. Metropolitan Transport and Land Use, the second edition of Planning for Place and Plexus, provides unique and updated perspectives on metropolitan transport networks and land use planning, challenging current planning strategies, offering frameworks to understand and evaluate policy, and suggesting alternative solutions. The book includes current and cutting-edge theory, findings, and recommendations which are cleverly illustrated throughout using international examples. This revised work continues to serve as a valuable resource for students, researchers, practitioners, and policy advisors working across transport, land use, and planning.

This book concerns the largest and costliest element of vehicular traffic in United States cities, the travel to and from places of em­ployment—the "journey to work." By reason of its sheer volume, and also because of its concentration within a few hours of the day, this rush-hour travel presents to planners and engineers critical problems relating to the location and capacity needs of streets and highways, and transit and parking facilities. The patterns of work trips also comprise important determinants of maximum reasonable distances between residential areas and the dusters of commercial and industrial enterprise. This monograph presents analytical approaches to the study of the journey to work—primarily in development of the patterns of its time and scale characteristics. Such patterns are considered in relation to population size of cities, and in terms of their apparent changes and factors for change over the years. The approaches discussed are those of interest to technicians working in the prevalent low budget; high time­-pressure situation. Examples are analyzed from data of several United States cities, particularly Philadelphia, and broad general conclusions are drawn from the case studies. Supplemented by numerous diagrams and numerical tables, Structuring the journey to Work will be of interest to traffic engineers, city and regional planners, urban geographers, and industrial and residential site selectors. It will have some interest as well for professionals in land economics and labor market analysis.