This unique book provides an overview of the current state of the art and very recent research results that have been achieved as part of the Low-Power Initiative of the European Union, in the field of analogue, RF and mixed-signal design methodologies and CAD tools.

Johan H. Huijsing This book contains 18 tutorial papers concentrated on 3 topics, each topic being covered by 6 papers. The topics are: Low-Noise, Low-Power, Low-Voltage Mixed-Mode Design with CAD Tools Voltage, Current, and Time References The papers of this book were written by top experts in the field, currently working at leading European and American universities and companies. These papers are the reviewed versions of the papers presented at the Workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. which was held in Villach, Austria, 26-28 April 1995. The chairman of the Workshop was Dr. Franz Dielacher from Siemens, Austria. The program committee existed of Johan H. Huijsing from the Delft University of Technology, Prof.Willy Sansen from the Catholic University of Leuven, and Dr. Rudy 1. van der Plassche from Philips Eindhoven. This book is the fourth of aseries dedicated to the design of analog circuits. The topics which were covered earlier were: Operational Amplifiers Analog to Digital Converters Analog Computer Aided Design Mixed AlD Circuit Design Sensor Interface Circuits Communication Circuits Low-Power, Low-Voltage Integrated Filters Smart Power As the Workshop will be continued year by year, a valuable series of topics will be built up from all the important areas of analog circuit design. I hope that this book will help designers of analog circuits to improve their work and to speed it up.

Analog Circuit Design contains the contribution of 18 tutorials of the 14th workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. Each part discusses a specific todate topic on new and valuable design ideas in the area of analog circuit design. Each part is presented by six experts in that field and state of the art information is shared and overviewed. This book is number 14 in this successful series of Analog Circuit Design, providing valuable information and excellent overviews of analog circuit design, CAD and RF systems. Analog Circuit Design is an essential reference source for analog circuit designers and researchers wishing to keep abreast with the latest development in the field. The tutorial coverage also makes it suitable for use in an advanced design course.

This book tackles challenges for the design of analog integrated circuits that operate from ultra-low power supply voltages (down to 0.5V). Coverage demonstrates the signal processing circuit and circuit biasing approaches through the design of operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs). These amplifiers are then used to build analog system functions including continuous time filter and a sample and hold amplifier.

This book contains the revised contributions of all the speakers of the fifth AACD Workshop which was held in Lausanne on April 2-4, 1996. It was organized by Dr Vlado Valence of the EPFL University and MEAD of Lausanne. The program consisted of six tutorials per day during three days. The tutorials were presented by experts in the field. They were selected by a program committee consisting of Prof. Willy Sansen of the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Prof. Rudy van de Plassche of Philips Research and the University of Technology Eindhoven and Prof. 10han Huijsing of the Delft University of Technology. The three topics mentioned above have been selected because of their importance in present days analog design. The other topics that have been discussed before are: in 1992 : Operational amplifiers Analog to digital convereters Analog computer aided design in 1993 : Mixed AID cicuit design Sensor interface circuits Communication circuits in 1994 : Low-power low-voltage design Integrated filters Smart power circuits in 1995 : Low-noise, low-power, low-voltage design Mixed-mode design with CAD tools Voltage, current and time references Each AACD workhop has given rise to the publication of a book by Kluwer entitled "Analog Circuit Design". This is thus the fifth book. This series of books provides a valuable overview of all analog circuit design techniques and achievements. It is a reference for whoever is engaged in this discipline.

The realization of signal sampling and quantization at high sample rates with low power dissipation is an important goal in many applications, includ ing portable video devices such as camcorders, personal communication devices such as wireless LAN transceivers, in the read channels of magnetic storage devices using digital data detection, and many others. This paper describes architecture and circuit approaches for the design of high-speed, low-power pipeline analog-to-digital converters in CMOS. Here the term high speed is taken to imply sampling rates above 1 Mhz. In the first section the dif ferent conversion techniques applicable in this range of sample rates is dis cussed. Following that the particular problems associated with power minimization in video-rate pipeline ADCs is discussed. These include optimi zation of capacitor sizes, design of low-voltage transmission gates, and opti mization of switched capacitor gain blocks and operational amplifiers for minimum power dissipation. As an example of the application of these tech niques, the design of a power-optimized lO-bit pipeline AID converter (ADC) that achieves =1. 67 mW per MS/s of sampling rate from 1 MS/s to 20 MS/s is described. 2. Techniques for CMOS Video-Rate AID Conversion Analog-to-digital conversion techniques can be categorized in many ways. One convenient means of comparing techniques is to examine the number of "analog clock cycles" required to produce one effective output sample of the signal being quantized.

This volume of Analog Circuit Design concentrates on three topics: Volt Electronics; Design and Implementation of Mixed-Mode Systems; Low-Noise and RF Power Amplifiers for Telecommunication. The book comprises six papers on each topic written by internationally recognised experts. These papers are tutorial in nature and together make a substantial contribution to improving the design of analog circuits. The book is divided into three parts: Part I, Volt Electronics, presents some of the circuit design challenges which are having to be met as the need for more electronics on a chip forces smaller transistor dimensions, and thus lower breakdown voltages. The papers cover techniques for 1-Volt electronics. Part II, Design and Implementation of Mixed-Mode Systems, deals with the various problems that are encountered in mixed analog-digital design. In the future, all integrated circuits are bound to contain both digital and analog sub-blocks. Problems such as substrate bounce and other substrate coupling effects cause deterioration in signal integrity. Both aspects of mixed-signal design have been addressed in this section and it illustrates that careful layout techniques embedded in a hierarchical design methodology can allow us to cope with most of the challenges presented by mixed analog-digital design. Part III, Low-noise and RF Power Amplifiers for Telecommunication, focuses on telecommunications systems. In these systems low-noise amplifiers are front-ends of receiver designs. At the transmitter part a high-performance, high-efficiency power amplifier is a critical design. Examples of both system parts are described in this section. Analog Circuit Design is an essential reference source for analog design engineers and researchers wishing to keep abreast with the latest developments in the field. The tutorial nature of the contributions also makes it suitable for use in an advanced course.

This book describes the design of CMOS circuits for ultra-low power consumption including analog, radio frequency (RF), and digital signal processing circuits (DSP). The book addresses issues from circuit and system design to production design, and applies the ultra-low power circuits described to systems for digital hearing aids and capsule endoscope devices. Provides a valuable introduction to ultra-low power circuit design, aimed at practicing design engineers; Describes all key building blocks of ultra-low power circuits, from a systems perspective; Applies circuits and systems described to real product examples such as hearing aids and capsule endoscopes.

Analog circuit design is often the bottleneck when designing mixed analog-digital systems. A Top-Down, Constraint-Driven Design Methodology for Analog Integrated Circuits presents a new methodology based on a top-down, constraint-driven design paradigm that provides a solution to this problem. This methodology has two principal advantages: (1) it provides a high probability for the first silicon which meets all specifications, and (2) it shortens the design cycle. A Top-Down, Constraint-Driven Design Methodology for Analog Integrated Circuits is part of an ongoing research effort at the University of California at Berkeley in the Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Department. Many faculty and students, past and present, are working on this design methodology and its supporting tools. The principal goals are: (1) developing the design methodology, (2) developing and applying new tools, and (3) `proving' the methodology by undertaking `industrial strength' design examples. The work presented here is neither a beginning nor an end in the development of a complete top-down, constraint-driven design methodology, but rather a step in its development. This work is divided into three parts. Chapter 2 presents the design methodology along with foundation material. Chapters 3-8 describe supporting concepts for the methodology, from behavioral simulation and modeling to circuit module generators. Finally, Chapters 9-11 illustrate the methodology in detail by presenting the entire design cycle through three large-scale examples. These include the design of a current source D/A converter, a Sigma-Delta A/D converter, and a video driver system. Chapter 12 presents conclusions and current research topics. A Top-Down, Constraint-Driven Design Methodology for Analog Integrated Circuits will be of interest to analog and mixed-signal designers as well as CAD tool developers.

This book documents electric power requirements for the dismounted soldier on future Army battlefields, describes advanced energy concepts, and provides an integrated assessment of technologies likely to affect limitations and needs in the future. It surveys technologies associated with both supply and demand including: energy sources and systems; low power electronics and design; communications, computers, displays, and sensors; and networks, protocols, and operations. Advanced concepts discussed are predicated on continued development by the Army of soldier systems similar to the Land Warrior system on which the committee bases its projections on energy use. Finally, the volume proposes twenty research objectives to achieve energy goals in the 2025 time frame.