During the past 50 years, coastal Louisiana has suffered catastrophic land loss due to both natural and human causes. This loss has increased storm vulnerability and amplified risks to lives, property, and economies-a fact underscored by Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. Drawing Louisiana's New Map reviews a restoration plan proposed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the State of Louisiana, finding that, although the individual projects in the study are scientifically sound, there should be more and larger scale projects that provide a comprehensive approach to addressing land loss over such a large area. More importantly, the study should be guided by a detailed map of the expected future landscape of coastal Louisiana that is developed from agreed upon goals for the region and the nation.

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers released the Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration (LACPR) draft final technical report in March, 2009. In response to federal legislation, the Corps had to analyze hurricane protection, and design and present a full range of measures to protect against a storm equivalent to a category 5 hurricane. The request included measures for flood control, coastal restoration, and hurricane protection, and stipulated close coordination with the State of Louisiana and its appropriate agencies. This is the second and final report from the National Research Council (NRC) Committee on the Review of the Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration (LACPR) Program. The committee was charged to review two draft reports from the LACPR team and to assess the hurricane risk reduction framework, alternatives for flood control, storm protection, coastal restoration, and risk analysis. This report presents this committee's review and advice for improvements of the LACPR March 2009 draft final technical report.

About 15,000 acres of wetlands in coastal Louisiana are being converted to open water each year. This loss of wetlands is attributed to several factors, some natural and others the result of human activity. This loss has substantial ecological, economic, and social costs. Ecological costs center on loss of wetland habitat critical to many plant, animal, and fish species, including ones that have commercial or recreational value. Economic and social costs include an increased exposure to storms with greater potential for damage to property, and smaller seafood harvests. While these costs are concentrated in Louisiana, they can affect the regional and national economy, as the Mississippi River bisects coastal Louisiana and a significant amount of oil and gas enters the national distribution system through this region. Since the wetland loss problem was initially recognized about 35 years ago, several federal agencies, the state, and local universities have been working to better understand why these losses are occurring, and how to slow and eventually reverse this process. Numerous projects with restoration benefits have been initiated at specific sites, especially since legislation increased federal funds in the early 1990s. These projects are neutralizing conditions that lead to loss at some sites, and are reestablishing some wetlands. These projects are expected to have many ecological, economic, and social benefits. A July 2004 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers report, a draft ecosystem restoration study, identifies more than 150 possible remedies. Congress continues to consider legislative options to address wetlands loss in coastal Louisiana. Some legislative proposals would dedicate some federal revenues from offshore oil and gas development to restoration efforts. Other proposals would authorize specific restoration projects or activities, or further examination of the causes and effects of loss.

"From the Mississippi River's Old River Control Structure to the pipeline canals of the Gulf's oil fields to the capitol in Baton Rouge, Saving Louisiana? follows scientists, conservationists, and politicians, as they persistently ask the same question: Can Louisiana's coastline be saved? For some experts, technical uncertainty impedes progress. For others, bureaucracy and special interests block what they see as the right path. Still others believe that the real challenge lies in determining what society really wants, so that ecosystem restoration becomes a balance of dollars against choices. Saving Louisiana? builds a story of doubt and discord that captures the technical and human drama of ecosystem restoration and management"--Publisher website (March 23, 2009).