Liquid-Phase Epitaxy (LPE) is a technique used in the bulk growth of crystals, typically in semiconductor manufacturing, whereby the crystal is grown from a rich solution of the semiconductor onto a substrate in layers, each of which is formed by supersaturation or cooling. At least 50% of growth in the optoelectronics area is currently focussed on LPE. This book covers the bulk growth of semiconductors, i.e. silicon, gallium arsenide, cadmium mercury telluride, indium phosphide, indium antimonide, gallium nitride, cadmium zinc telluride, a range of wide-bandgap II-VI compounds, diamond and silicon carbide, and a wide range of oxides/fluorides (including sapphire and quartz) that are used in many industrial applications. A separate chapter is devoted to the fascinating field of growth in various forms of microgravity, an activity that is approximately 30-years old and which has revealed many interesting features, some of which have been very surprising to experimenters and theoreticians alike. Covers the most important materials within the field The contributors come from a wide variety of countries and include both academics and industrialists, to give a balanced treatment Builds-on an established series known in the community Highly pertinent to current and future developments in telecommunications and computer-processing industries.

Comprehensive coverage of organic electronics, including fundamental theory, basic properties, characterization methods, device physics, and future trends Organic semiconductor materials have vast commercial potential for a wide range of applications, from self-emitting OLED displays and solid-state lighting to plastic electronics and organic solar cells. As research in organic optoelectronic devices continues to expand at an unprecedented rate, organic semiconductors are being applied to flexible displays, biosensors, and other cost-effective green devices in ways not possible with conventional inorganic semiconductors. Organic Semiconductors for Optoelectronics is an up-to-date review of the both the fundamental theory and latest research and development advances in organic semiconductors. Featuring contributions from an international team of experts, this comprehensive volume covers basic properties of organic semiconductors, characterization techniques, device physics, and future trends in organic device development. Detailed chapters provide key information on the device physics of organic field-effect transistors, organic light-emitting diodes, organic solar cells, organic photosensors, and more. This authoritative resource: Provides a clear understanding of the optoelectronic properties of organic semiconductors and their influence to overall device performance Explains the theories behind relevant mechanisms in organic semiconducting materials and in organic devices Discusses current and future trends and challenges in the development of organic optoelectronic devices Reviews electronic properties, device mechanisms, and characterization techniques of organic semiconducting materials Covers theoretical concepts of optical properties of organic semiconductors including fluorescent, phosphorescent, and thermally-assisted delayed fluorescent emitters An important new addition to the Wiley Series in Materials for Electronic & Optoelectronic Applications, Organic Semiconductors for Optoelectronics bridges the gap between advanced books and undergraduate textbooks on semiconductor physics and solid-state physics. It is essential reading for academic researchers, graduate students, and industry professionals involved in organic electronics, materials science, thin film devices, and optoelectronics research and development.

Dieses wichtige Referenzwerk behandelt die grundlegenden Konzepte der Photoleitfähigkeit und der photoleitenden Materialien. Mit Photoconductivity and Photoconductive Materials präsentiert Professor Kasap eine maßgebliche Zusammenstellung der wesentlichen Grundsätze der Photoleitfähigkeit und stellt eine Auswahl aktueller photoleitfähiger Materialien vor. Der erste Band des zweibändigen Werks beginnt mit einer Darstellung der grundlegenden Konzepte und Definitionen. Es folgt eine Charakterisierung der verschiedenen Techniken auf Grundlage von stationärer, transienter und modulierter Photoleitfähigkeit, u.a. der neuen Methode der Ladungsextraktion durch linear steigende Spannung (CELIV). Auch die Physik der Terahertz-Photoleitfähigkeit sowie die Grundlagen der organischen Halbleiter LSoI werden behandelt. Der zweite Band beginnt mit einem umfassenden Überblick über eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher photoleitfähiger Materialien, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf einige der wichtigsten Photoleiter gelegt wird, darunter hydriertes amorphes Silizium, Cadmium-Quecksilber-Tellurid, verschiedene Röntgenphotoleiter, Diamantfilme, Metallhalogenidperowskite, Nanodrähte und Quantenpunkte. Auch die Anwendungen der photoleitenden Antenne werden erörtert. Das Werk, das zahlreiche Beiträge führender Autoren auf diesem Fachgebiet enthält, bietet den Leserinnen und Lesern außerdem: * Eine gründliche Einführung in die Charakterisierung von Halbleitern mit Hilfe von Techniken der Photoleitfähigkeit, insbesondere gleichmäßiger Beleuchtung und Phototräger-Gittertechniken * Eine umfassende Darstellung organischer Photoleiter mitsamt Informationen zu Photoerzeugung, Transport und Anwendungen im Druckbereich * Praktische Erörterungen der transienten Lichtleitfähigkeit im Flugzeitverfahren inklusive Experimentiertechniken und Interpretationshinweisen * Eine eingehende Betrachtung der transienten Photoleitfähigkeit organischer Halbleiterschichten und neuartiger Techniken der transienten Photoleitfähigkeit Photoconductivity and Photoconductive Materials ist nicht nur ein wichtiges Referenzwerk für Physiker in der Forschung, Materialwissenschaftler und Elektroingenieure, sondern auch ein unverzichtbares Nachschlagewerk für Doktoranden und Studierende höherer Semester, die sich mit dem Bereich der optoelektronischen Materialien beschäftigen, sowie für Forschende in der Industrie. * Ein umfassendes zweibändiges Werk mit Beiträgen führender Fachautoren, herausgegeben von einem angesehenen Forscher auf dem Gebiet der Photoleitfähigkeit

Electromagnetic Wave Absorbing Materials Electromagnetic Wave Absorbing Materials presents information on the most promising electromagnetic wave absorbing materials, with timely coverage of both conventional and novel materials including 1D, 2D, and 3D materials. This book enables readers to address the growing specification needs in the field through optimizing electromagnetic parameters and promoting interface polarization, two key properties for wireless technology in electronic applications. Edited by three highly qualified academics with significant relevant research experience, Electromagnetic Wave Absorbing Materials includes discussions on: Materials including ferrites, graphene, carbon‐based composite absorbers, SiC ceramics, MOFs, and meta‐material based absorbers Recent advances in the field surrounding composite absorbers, conductive polymers, and ceramics, and other materials Potential improvements in the Internet of Things, 5G mobile applications, and intelligent transport systems through electromagnetic wave absorbing materials Potential improvements in the Internet of Things, 5G mobile applications, and intelligent transport systems through electromagnetic wave absorbing materials Applications including terrestrial and satellite communication (software radio, GPS, and satellite TV), environmental monitoring via satellite, and EMI shielding, as well as stealth applications Electromagnetic Wave Absorbing Materials is an essential reference on the subject for researchers and advanced students in the chemical, electronics, and communications industries, as well as R&D scientists at companies such as Apple, HUAWEI, and China Aerospace Science and Technology Corp (CASC).

Covers both the fundamentals and the state-of-the-art technology used for MBE Written by expert researchers working on the frontlines of the field, this book covers fundamentals of Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) technology and science, as well as state-of-the-art MBE technology for electronic and optoelectronic device applications. MBE applications to magnetic semiconductor materials are also included for future magnetic and spintronic device applications. Molecular Beam Epitaxy: Materials and Applications for Electronics and Optoelectronics is presented in five parts: Fundamentals of MBE; MBE technology for electronic devices application; MBE for optoelectronic devices; Magnetic semiconductors and spintronics devices; and Challenge of MBE to new materials and new researches. The book offers chapters covering the history of MBE; principles of MBE and fundamental mechanism of MBE growth; migration enhanced epitaxy and its application; quantum dot formation and selective area growth by MBE; MBE of III-nitride semiconductors for electronic devices; MBE for Tunnel-FETs; applications of III-V semiconductor quantum dots in optoelectronic devices; MBE of III-V and III-nitride heterostructures for optoelectronic devices with emission wavelengths from THz to ultraviolet; MBE of III-V semiconductors for mid-infrared photodetectors and solar cells; dilute magnetic semiconductor materials and ferromagnet/semiconductor heterostructures and their application to spintronic devices; applications of bismuth-containing III–V semiconductors in devices; MBE growth and device applications of Ga2O3; Heterovalent semiconductor structures and their device applications; and more. Includes chapters on the fundamentals of MBE Covers new challenging researches in MBE and new technologies Edited by two pioneers in the field of MBE with contributions from well-known MBE authors including three Al Cho MBE Award winners Part of the Materials for Electronic and Optoelectronic Applications series Molecular Beam Epitaxy: Materials and Applications for Electronics and Optoelectronics will appeal to graduate students, researchers in academia and industry, and others interested in the area of epitaxial growth.

Discover the latest advances in spintronic materials, devices, and applications In Spintronics: Materials, Devices and Applications, a team of distinguished researchers delivers a holistic introduction to spintronic effects within cutting-edge materials and applications. Containing the perfect balance of academic research and practical application, the book discusses the potential—and the key limitations and challenges—of spintronic devices. The latest title in the Wiley Series in Materials for Electronic and Optoelectronic Applications, Spintronics: Materials, Devices and Applications explores giant magneto-resistance (GMR) and tunneling magnetic resistance (TMR) materials, spin-transfer torque and spin-orbit torque materials, spin oscillators, and spin materials for use in artificial neural networks. Applications in multi-ferroelectric and antiferromagnetic materials are presented as well. This book also includes: A thorough introduction to recent research developments in the fields of spintronic materials, devices, and applications Comprehensive explorations of skymions, magnetic semiconductors, and antiferromagnetic materials Practical discussions of spin-transfer torque materials and devices for magnetic random-access memory In-depth examinations of giant magneto-resistance materials and devices for magnetic sensors Perfect for advanced students and researchers in materials science, physics, electronics, and computer science, Spintronics: Materials, Devices and Applications will also earn a place in the libraries of professionals working in the manufacture of optics, photonics, and nanometrology equipment.

Oxide Electronics Multiple disciplines converge in this insightful exploration of complex metal oxides and their functions and properties Oxide Electronics delivers a broad and comprehensive exploration of complex metal oxides designed to meet the multidisciplinary needs of electrical and electronic engineers, physicists, and material scientists. The distinguished author eschews complex mathematics whenever possible and focuses on the physical and functional properties of metal oxides in each chapter. Each of the sixteen chapters featured within the book begins with an abstract and an introduction to the topic, clear explanations are presented with graphical illustrations and relevant equations throughout the book. Numerous supporting references are included, and each chapter is self-contained, making them perfect for use both as a reference and as study material. Readers will learn how and why the field of oxide electronics is a key area of research and exploitation in materials science, electrical engineering, and semiconductor physics. The book encompasses every application area where the functional and electronic properties of various genres of oxides are exploited. Readers will also learn from topics like: Thorough discussions of High-k gate oxide for silicon heterostructure MOSFET devices and semiconductor-dielectric interfaces An exploration of printable high-mobility transparent amorphous oxide semiconductors Treatments of graphene oxide electronics, magnetic oxides, ferroelectric oxides, and materials for spin electronics Examinations of the calcium aluminate binary compound, perovoksites for photovoltaics, and oxide 2Degs Analyses of various applications for oxide electronics, including data storage, microprocessors, biomedical devices, LCDs, photovoltaic cells, TFTs, and sensors Suitable for researchers in semiconductor technology or working in materials science, electrical engineering, and physics, Oxide Electronics will also earn a place in the libraries of private industry researchers like device engineers working on electronic applications of oxide electronics. Engineers working on photovoltaics, sensors, or consumer electronics will also benefit from this book.

Zinc Oxide (ZnO) powder has been widely used as a white paint pigment and industrial processing chemical for nearly 150 years. However, following a rediscovery of ZnO and its potential applications in the 1950s, science and industry alike began to realize that ZnO had many interesting novel properties that were worthy of further investigation. ZnO is a leading candidate for the next generation of electronics, and its biocompatibility makes it viable for medical devices. This book covers recent advances including crystal growth, processing and doping and also discusses the problems and issues that seem to be impeding the commercialization of devices. Topics include: Energy band structure and spintronics Fundamental optical and electronic properties Electronic contacts of ZnO Growth of ZnO crystals and substrates Ultraviolet photodetectors ZnO quantum wells Zinc Oxide Materials for Electronic and Optoelectronic Device Applications is ideal for university, government, and industrial research and development laboratories, particularly those engaged in ZnO and related materials research.

Volume IIIA Basic TechniquesHandbook of Crystal Growth, Second Edition Volume IIIA (Basic Techniques), edited by chemical and biological engineering expert Thomas F. Kuech, presents the underpinning science and technology associated with epitaxial growth as well as highlighting many of the chief and burgeoning areas for epitaxial growth. Volume IIIA focuses on major growth techniques which are used both in the scientific investigation of crystal growth processes and commercial development of advanced epitaxial structures. Techniques based on vacuum deposition, vapor phase epitaxy, and liquid and solid phase epitaxy are presented along with new techniques for the development of three-dimensional nano-and micro-structures.Volume IIIB Materials, Processes, and TechnologyHandbook of Crystal Growth, Second Edition Volume IIIB (Materials, Processes, and Technology), edited by chemical and biological engineering expert Thomas F. Kuech, describes both specific techniques for epitaxial growth as well as an array of materials-specific growth processes. The volume begins by presenting variations on epitaxial growth process where the kinetic processes are used to develop new types of materials at low temperatures. Optical and physical characterizations of epitaxial films are discussed for both in situ and exit to characterization of epitaxial materials. The remainder of the volume presents both the epitaxial growth processes associated with key technology materials as well as unique structures such as monolayer and two dimensional materials.Volume IIIA Basic Techniques - Provides an introduction to the chief epitaxial growth processes and the underpinning scientific concepts used to understand and develop new processes. - Presents new techniques and technologies for the development of three-dimensional structures such as quantum dots, nano-wires, rods and patterned growth - Introduces and utilizes basic concepts of thermodynamics, transport, and a wide cross-section of kinetic processes which form the atomic level text of growth process Volume IIIB Materials, Processes, and Technology - Describes atomic level epitaxial deposition and other low temperature growth techniques - Presents both the development of thermal and lattice mismatched streams as the techniques used to characterize the structural properties of these materials - Presents in-depth discussion of the epitaxial growth techniques associated with silicone silicone-based materials, compound semiconductors, semiconducting nitrides, and refractory materials

Provides a semi-quantitative approach to recent developments in the study of optical properties of condensed matter systems Featuring contributions by noted experts in the field of electronic and optoelectronic materials and photonics, this book looks at the optical properties of materials as well as their physical processes and various classes. Taking a semi-quantitative approach to the subject, it presents a summary of the basic concepts, reviews recent developments in the study of optical properties of materials and offers many examples and applications. Optical Properties of Materials and Their Applications, 2nd Edition starts by identifying the processes that should be described in detail and follows with the relevant classes of materials. In addition to featuring four new chapters on optoelectronic properties of organic semiconductors, recent advances in electroluminescence, perovskites, and ellipsometry, the book covers: optical properties of disordered condensed matter and glasses; concept of excitons; photoluminescence, photoinduced changes, and electroluminescence in noncrystalline semiconductors; and photoinduced bond breaking and volume change in chalcogenide glasses. Also included are chapters on: nonlinear optical properties of photonic glasses; kinetics of the persistent photoconductivity in crystalline III-V semiconductors; and transparent white OLEDs. In addition, readers will learn about excitonic processes in quantum wells; optoelectronic properties and applications of quantum dots; and more. Covers all of the fundamentals and applications of optical properties of materials Includes theory, experimental techniques, and current and developing applications Includes four new chapters on optoelectronic properties of organic semiconductors, recent advances in electroluminescence, perovskites, and ellipsometry Appropriate for materials scientists, chemists, physicists and electrical engineers involved in development of electronic materials Written by internationally respected professionals working in physics and electrical engineering departments and government laboratories Optical Properties of Materials and Their Applications, 2nd Edition is an ideal book for senior undergraduate and postgraduate students, and teaching and research professionals in the fields of physics, chemistry, chemical engineering, materials science, and materials engineering.