Ever since the discovery of graphene, two-dimensional layered materials (2DLMs) have been the central tool of the materials research community. The reason behind their importance is their superlative and unique electronic, optical, physical, chemical and mechanical properties in layered form rather than in bulk form. The 2DLMs have been applied to electronics, catalysis, energy, environment, and biomedical applications. The following topics are discussed in the book’s fifteen chapters: • The research status of the 2D metal-organic frameworks and the different techniques used to synthesize them. • 2D black phosphorus (BP) and its practical application in various fields. • Reviews the synthesis methods of MXenes and provides a detailed discussion of their structural characterization and physical, electrochemical and optical properties, as well as applications in catalysis, energy storage, environmental management, biomedicine, and gas sensing. • The carbon-based materials and their potential applications via the photocatalytic process using visible light irradiation. • 2D materials like graphene, TMDCs, few-layer phosphorene, MXene in layered form and their heterostructures. • The structure and applications of 2D perovskites. • The physical parameters of pristine layered materials, ZnO, transition metal dichalcogenides, and heterostructures of layered materials are discussed. • The coupling of graphitic carbon nitride with various metal sulfides and oxides to form efficient heterojunction for water purification. • The structural features, synthetic methods, properties, and different applications and properties of 2D zeolites. • The methods for synthesizing 2D hollow nanostructures are featured and their structural aspects and potential in medical and non-medical applications. • The characteristics and structural aspects of 2D layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and the various synthesis methods and role of LDH in non-medical applications as adsorbent, sensor, catalyst, etc. • The synthesis of graphene-based 2D layered materials synthesized by using top-down and bottom-up approaches where the main emphasis is on the hot-filament thermal chemical vapor deposition (HFTCVD) method. • The different properties of 2D h-BN and borophene and the various methods being used for the synthesis of 2D h-BN, along with their growth mechanism and transfer techniques. • The physical properties and current progress of various transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) based on photoactive materials for photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen evolution reaction. • The state-of-the-art of 2D layered materials and associated devices, such as electronic, biosensing, optoelectronic, and energy storage applications.

The considerable interest in graphene and 2D materials is sparking intense research on layered materials due to their unexpected physical, electronic, chemical, and optical properties. This book will provide a comprehensive overview of the recent and state-of-the-art research progress on layered materials for energy storage and other applications. With a brief introduction to layered materials, the chapters of this book gather various fascinating topics such as electrocatalysis for fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, photovoltaic devices, thermoelectric devices, supercapacitors and water splitting. Unique aspects of layered materials in these fields, including novel synthesis and functionalization methods, particular physicochemical properties and consequently enhanced performance are addressed. Challenges and perspectives for layered materials in these fields will also be presented. With contributions from key researchers, Layered Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion will be of interest to students, researchers and engineers worldwide who want a basic overview of the latest progress and future directions.

This book focuses on both recent advances and the applications of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials in different fields. This book encapsulates all the aspects related to 2D nanomaterials and their applications. It provides scientific and technological insights on novel routes of design and fabrication of few layered nanostructures and their hetero structures based on a variety of 2-D layered materials. It also covers a wide range of industrial applications of 2D nanomaterials. It emphasizes on the detailing of the various characterization techniques used. The book will be a valuable reference for beginners, researchers, and professionals interested in nano-materials and allied fields.

The aim of this book is to explore the history, fundamentals, manufacturing processes, optimization parameters, and applications of electrospun materials. The book includes various types of electrospun materials such as antimicrobial, smart, bioinspired systems. It focuses on the many application areas for electrospun materials such as energy storage and harvesting, catalysis, biomedical including gene delivery and tissue engineering, separation, adsorption and water treatment technologies, packaging. The book emphasizes the enhanced sustainable properties of electrospun materials, with the challenges and future developments being discussed in detail. The chapters are written by top-class researchers and experts from throughout the world.

Photocatalysts in Advanced Oxidation Processes for Wastewater Treatment comprehensively covers a range of topics aiming to promote the implementation of photocatalysis at large scale through provision of facile and green methods for catalysts synthesis and elucidation of pollutants degradation mechanisms. This book is divided into two main parts namely “Synthesis of effective photocatalysts” (Part I) and “Mechanisms of the photocatalytic degradation of various pollutants” (Part II). The first part focuses on the exploration of various strategies to synthesize sustainable and effective photocatalysts. The second part of the book provides an insights into the photocatalytic degradation mechanisms and pathways under ultraviolet and visible light irradiation, as well as the challenges faced by this technology and its future prospects.

Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) have attracted substantial interest due to their chemical variability, structural diversity and favorable physical properties the past decade. This materials class encompasses other important families such as formates, azides, dicyanamides, cyanides and dicyanometallates. The book summarizes the chemical variability and structural diversity of all known hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites subclasses including halides, azides, formates, dicyanamides, cyanides and dicyanometallates. It also presents a comprehensive account of their intriguing physical properties, including photovoltaic, optoelectronic, dielectric, magnetic, ferroelectric, ferroelastic and multiferroic properties. Moreover, the current challenges and future opportunities in this exciting field are also been discussed. This timely book shows the readers a complete landscape of hybrid organic-inorganic pervoskites and associated multifuctionalities.

Now in its revised, updated Sixth Edition, this text provides residents and medical students with a broad overview of adult and pediatric orthopaedics. Major sections focus on general and regional disorders of the musculoskeletal system. This edition’s chapters on regional disorders have separate adult and pediatric sections and include sports medicine information and reviews of anatomy. Coverage of each disorder includes more details on treatment and prognosis. This edition also provides expanded coverage of molecular orthopaedics, biomaterials, orthotics and prosthetics, diagnosis by physical examination, commonly ordered laboratory tests, rehabilitation, biomechanics, principles of fractures, osteoporosis, overuse syndromes, and Achilles tendon rupture.

2D Monoelements: Properties and Applications explores the challenges, research progress and future developments of the basic idea of two-dimensional monoelements, classifications, and application in field-effect transistors for sensing and biosensing. The thematic topics include investigations such as: Recent advances in phosphorene The diverse properties of two-dimensional antimonene, of graphene and its derivatives The molecular docking simulation study used to analyze the binding mechanisms of graphene oxide as a cancer drug carrier Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-derived carbon (graphene and carbon nanotubes) and MOF-carbon composite materials, with a special emphasis on the use of these nanostructures for energy storage devices (supercapacitors) Two-dimensional monoelements classification like graphene application in field-effect transistors for sensing and biosensing Graphene-based ternary materials as a supercapacitor electrode Rise of silicene and its applications in gas sensing

Graphene is a super thin and strong material with potential to revolutionize the field of technology. As such, graphene is quickly attracting attention from researchers seeking to identify new concepts and applications of this “supermaterial.” Graphene Production and Application is a comprehensive and easy-to-understand source of information on the advances in the growing research on graphene. Written by experts in the field, this book covers the topics of synthetic approaches, characterization techniques, and applications of graphene. It is ideally suited for a broad range of readers including students, instructors, and professionals.

Resource optimization has always been a thrust area of research, and as the Internet of Things (IoT) is the most talked about topic of the current era of technology, it has become the need of the hour. Therefore, the idea behind this book was to simplify the journey of those who aspire to understand resource optimization in the IoT. To this end, included in this book are various real-time/offline applications and algorithms/case studies in the fields of engineering, computer science, information security, and cloud computing, along with the modern tools and various technologies used in systems, leaving the reader with a high level of understanding of various techniques and algorithms used in resource optimization.