This book is based on an international conference at the University of Tokyo on CoCom and its related export control system'. Despite the changes in the overall political climate, such as the new thinking' in Soviet foreign policy, it seems that CoCom will continue to function for some years. Although the scope of control has been narrowed, the control itself has been tightened. All the old problems which caused conflicts within and outside CoCom still exist. The United States is still exercising export controls in an extra-territorial way via its extensive re-export control system. The 1988 Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act remains unaltered, notwithstanding its controversial nature. This book is a major contribution to the discussion of current legal and political issues concerning export controls, a discussion which has gained greatly in importance as a result of the Gulf crisis.

Originally published in 1985, in the deteriorating climate of East-West relations technology transfer became vitally important. The Eastern bloc desperately needed Western technology to assist in the development of the socialist economies, but a proposed US ban on the export of Western technology to the Siberian pipeline project led to increasing tension within the Western alliance abot the nature and scale of high technology that could be safely exported to the East. This book reviews the state of technology transfer to the East in the 1980s and considers the place of Western technology in the Eastern economies. It also discusses the strategic goals of Western technology embargoes. Many of the issues discussed remain pertinent today.

This book is based on an international conference at the University of Tokyo on CoCom and its related export control system'. Despite the changes in the overall political climate, such as the new thinking' in Soviet foreign policy, it seems that CoCom will continue to function for some years. Although the scope of control has been narrowed, the control itself has been tightened. All the old problems which caused conflicts within and outside CoCom still exist. The United States is still exercising export controls in an extra-territorial way via its extensive re-export control system. The 1988 Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act remains unaltered, notwithstanding its controversial nature. This book is a major contribution to the discussion of current legal and political issues concerning export controls, a discussion which has gained greatly in importance as a result of the Gulf crisis.

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The deterioration of detente in the wake of the ongoing Soviet arms build-up has sharply focused the East-West trade debate on the question of advanced technology transfer from the United States and its allies to the Soviet bloc. The transfer and acquisition of high technology have become central ingredients in super-power relations and are key elements of any national security policy. President Reagan, among others, has questioned the wisdom of the policies of the 1960s and early 1970s, when trade with the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe expanded rapidly. At recent industrial nation summits, conferees of Western countries agreed to high-level review of their East-West technology trade policies. But in light of the apparent West European commitment to continue and expand trade with the East, as exemplified by the Siberian gas pipeline project, and the growing U.S. opposition to such technology transfer, divisions between U.S. and Western trade policies toward the East are likely to become increasingly acute in the years ahead. Professors Bertsch and McIntyre have selected comprehensive and representative articles to examine the question of technology transfer from a variety of perspectives--political, economic, and military- emphasizing both the U.S. and the Western allies' points of view and offering insights into the complex issues raised by the strategic dimensions of East-West trade.

This is a broad-ranging study of U.S. strategic export control policy. In particular, this book analyzes and evaluates the effectiveness of export controls in delaying the acquisition of militarily sensitive high technology by the Soviet Union and its allied states. Furthermore, the question of whether or not U.S. economic competitiveness in various high-technology sectors has been unduly undermined by export controls is also evaluated. Numerous official government studies and reports, supplemented by a host of interviews with government officials, businesspeople, and analysts in the United States and Europe are utilized in drawing conclusions and posting policy recommendations. The consequences for export control policy of the revolutionary political upheavals in Eastern Europe and the former U.S.S.R. are also addressed. The study concludes that the strategic/security goal of utilizing controls to hinder and delay the acquisition of militarily significant high technology by the former Soviet Union and its allied states was generally effective. More controversially McDaniel argues that export controls per se have not been a significant determinant of lagging U.S. competitiveness in high technology. However, this conclusion is qualified by the observation that while overall trends in U.S. high-technology exports to important trading partners do not suggest that controls by themselves have unduly hurt U.S. exporters, individual sectors and small firms may be disadvantaged. Finally, the study cautions that U.S. policy must adapt or risk becoming outmoded and increasingly ineffective. This book will be of interest to scholars and students of international relations, international political economy, and international business.