The increasing diversity of connected devices leads to new application domains being envisioned. Some of these need ultra low latency or have privacy requirements that cannot be satisfied by the current cloud. By bringing resources closer to the end user, the recent edge computing paradigm aims to enable such applications. One critical aspect to ensure the successful deployment of the edge computing paradigm is efficient resource management. Indeed, obtaining the needed resources is crucial for the applications using the edge, but the resource picture of this paradigm is complex. First, as opposed to the nearly infinite resources provided by the cloud, the edge devices have finite resources. Moreover, different resource types are required depending on the applications and the devices supplying those resources are very heterogeneous. This thesis studies several challenges towards enabling efficient resource management for edge computing. The thesis begins by a review of the state-of-the-art research focusing on resource management in the edge computing context. A taxonomy is proposed for providing an overview of the current research and identify areas in need of further work. One of the identified challenges is studying the resource supply organization in the case where a mix of mobile and stationary devices is used to provide the edge resources. The ORCH framework is proposed as a means to orchestrate this edge device mix. The evaluation performed in a simulator shows that this combination of devices enables higher quality of service for latency-critical tasks. Another area is understanding the resource demand side. The thesis presents a study of the workload of a killer application for edge computing: mixed reality. The MR-Leo prototype is designed and used as a vehicle to understand the end-to-end latency, the throughput, and the characteristics of the workload for this type of application. A method for modeling the workload of an application is devised and applied to MR-Leo in order to obtain a synthetic workload exhibiting the same characteristics, which can be used in further studies.

More and more services are moving to the cloud, attracted by the promise of unlimited resources that are accessible anytime, and are managed by someone else. However, hosting every type of service in large cloud datacenters is not possible or suitable, as some emerging applications have stringent latency or privacy requirements, while also handling huge amounts of data. Therefore, in recent years, a new paradigm has been proposed to address the needs of these applications: the edge computing paradigm. Resources provided at the edge (e.g., for computation and communication) are constrained, hence resource management is of crucial importance. The incoming load to the edge infrastructure varies both in time and space. Managing the edge infrastructure so that the appropriate resources are available at the required time and location is called orchestrating. This is especially challenging in case of sudden load spikes and when the orchestration impact itself has to be limited. This thesis enables edge computing orchestration with increased resource-awareness by contributing with methods, techniques, and concepts for edge resource management. First, it proposes methods to better understand the edge resource demand. Second, it provides solutions on the supply side for orchestrating edge resources with different characteristics in order to serve edge applications with satisfactory quality of service. Finally, the thesis includes a critical perspective on the paradigm, by considering sustainability challenges. To understand the demand patterns, the thesis presents a methodology for categorizing the large variety of use cases that are proposed in the literature as potential applications for edge computing. The thesis also proposes methods for characterizing and modeling applications, as well as for gathering traces from real applications and analyzing them. These different approaches are applied to a prototype from a typical edge application domain: Mixed Reality. The important insight here is that application descriptions or models that are not based on a real application may not be giving an accurate picture of the load. This can drive incorrect decisions about what should be done on the supply side and thus waste resources. Regarding resource supply, the thesis proposes two orchestration frameworks for managing edge resources and successfully dealing with load spikes while avoiding over-provisioning. The first one utilizes mobile edge devices while the second leverages the concept of spare devices. Then, focusing on the request placement part of orchestration, the thesis formalizes it in the case of applications structured as chains of functions (so-called microservices) as an instance of the Traveling Purchaser Problem and solves it using Integer Linear Programming. Two different energy metrics influencing request placement decisions are proposed and evaluated. Finally, the thesis explores further resource awareness. Sustainability challenges that should be highlighted more within edge computing are collected. Among those related to resource use, the strategy of sufficiency is promoted as a way forward. It involves aiming at only using the needed resources (no more, no less) with a goal of reducing resource usage. Different tools to adopt it are proposed and their use demonstrated through a case study.

SDN-Supported Edge-Cloud Interplay for Next Generation Internet of Things is an invaluable resource coveringa wide range of research directions in the field of edge-cloud computing, SDN, and IoT. The integration of SDN in edge-cloud interplay is a promising framework for enhancing the QoS for complex IoT-driven applications. The interplay between cloud and edge solves some of the major challenges that arise in traditional IoT architecture. This book is a starting point for those involved in this research domain and explores a range of significant issues including network congestion, traffic management, latency, QoS, scalability, security, and controller placement problems. Features: The book covers emerging trends, issues and solutions in the direction of Edge-cloud interplay It highlights the research advances in on SDN, edge, and IoT architecture for smart cities, and software-defined internet of vehicles It includes detailed discussion has made of performance evaluations of SDN controllers, scalable software-defined edge computing, and AI for edge computing Applications areas include machine learning and deep learning in SDN-supported edge-cloud systems Different use cases covered include smart health care, smart city, internet of drones, etc This book is designed for scientific communities including graduate students, academicians, and industry professionals who are interested in exploring technologies related to the internet of things such as cloud, SDN, edge, internet of drones, etc.

This book on computing systems for autonomous driving takes a comprehensive look at the state-of-the-art computing technologies, including computing frameworks, algorithm deployment optimizations, systems runtime optimizations, dataset and benchmarking, simulators, hardware platforms, and smart infrastructures. The objectives of level 4 and level 5 autonomous driving require colossal improvement in the computing for this cyber-physical system. Beginning with a definition of computing systems for autonomous driving, this book introduces promising research topics and serves as a useful starting point for those interested in starting in the field. In addition to the current landscape, the authors examine the remaining open challenges to achieve L4/L5 autonomous driving. Computing Systems for Autonomous Driving provides a good introduction for researchers and prospective practitioners in the field. The book can also serve as a useful reference for university courses on autonomous vehicle technologies.This book on computing systems for autonomous driving takes a comprehensive look at the state-of-the-art computing technologies, including computing frameworks, algorithm deployment optimizations, systems runtime optimizations, dataset and benchmarking, simulators, hardware platforms, and smart infrastructures. The objectives of level 4 and level 5 autonomous driving require colossal improvement in the computing for this cyber-physical system. Beginning with a definition of computing systems for autonomous driving, this book introduces promising research topics and serves as a useful starting point for those interested in starting in the field. In addition to the current landscape, the authors examine the remaining open challenges to achieve L4/L5 autonomous driving. Computing Systems for Autonomous Driving provides a good introduction for researchers and prospective practitioners in the field. The book can also serve as a useful reference for university courses on autonomous vehicle technologies.

A new era of complexity science is emerging, in which nature- and bio-inspired principles are being applied to provide solutions. At the same time, the complexity of systems is increasing due to such models like the Internet of Things (IoT) and fog computing. Will complexity science, applying the principles of nature, be able to tackle the challenges posed by highly complex networked systems? Bio-Inspired Optimization in Fog and Edge Computing: Principles, Algorithms, and Systems is an attempt to answer this question. It presents innovative, bio-inspired solutions for fog and edge computing and highlights the role of machine learning and informatics. Nature- or biological-inspired techniques are successful tools to understand and analyze a collective behavior. As this book demonstrates, algorithms, and mechanisms of self-organization of complex natural systems have been used to solve optimization problems, particularly in complex systems that are adaptive, ever-evolving, and distributed in nature. The chapters look at ways of enhancingto enhance the performance of fog networks in real-world applications using nature-based optimization techniques. They discuss challenges and provide solutions to the concerns of security, privacy, and power consumption in cloud data center nodes and fog computing networks. The book also examines how: The existing fog and edge architecture is used to provide solutions to future challenges. A geographical information system (GIS) can be used with fog computing to help users in an urban region access prime healthcare. An optimization framework helps in cloud resource management. Fog computing can improve the quality, quantity, long-term viability, and cost-effectiveness in agricultural production. Virtualization can support fog computing, increase resources to be allocated, and be applied to different network layers. The combination of fog computing and IoT or cloud computing can help healthcare workers predict and analyze diseases in patients.

In the digital age, the relentless growth of data centers and cloud computing has given rise to a pressing dilemma. The power consumption of these facilities is spiraling out of control, emitting massive amounts of carbon dioxide, and contributing to the ever-increasing threat of global warming. Studies show that data centers alone are responsible for nearly eighty million metric tons of CO2 emissions worldwide, and this figure is poised to skyrocket to a staggering 8000 TWh by 2030 unless we revolutionize our approach to computing resource management. The root of this problem lies in inefficient resource allocation within cloud environments, as service providers often over-provision computing resources to avoid Service Level Agreement (SLA) violations, leading to both underutilization of resources and a significant increase in energy consumption. Computational Intelligence for Green Cloud Computing and Digital Waste Management stands as a beacon of hope in the face of the environmental and technological challenges we face. It introduces the concept of green computing, dedicated to creating an eco-friendly computing environment. The book explores innovative, intelligent resource management methods that can significantly reduce the power consumption of data centers. From machine learning and deep learning solutions to green virtualization technologies, this comprehensive guide explores innovative approaches to address the pressing challenges of green computing. Whether you are an educator teaching about green computing, an environmentalist seeking sustainability solutions, an industry professional navigating the digital landscape, a resolute researcher, or simply someone intrigued by the intersection of technology and sustainability, this book offers an indispensable resource.

This book presents state-of-the-art theories and technologies and discusses developments in the two major fields: engineering and sustainable computing. In this modern era of information and communication technologies [ICT], there is a growing need for new sustainable and energy-efficient communication and networking technologies. The book highlights significant current and potential international research relating to theoretical and practical methods toward developing sustainable communication and networking technologies. In particular, it focuses on emerging technologies such as wireless communications, mobile networks, Internet of things [IoT], sustainability, and edge network models. The contributions cover a number of key research issues in software-defined networks, blockchain technologies, big data, edge/fog computing, computer vision, sentiment analysis, cryptography, energy-efficient systems, and cognitive platforms.

Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) provides cloud-like subscription-oriented services at the edge of mobile network. For low latency and high bandwidth services, edge computing assisted IoT (Internet of Things) has become the pillar for the development of smart environments and their applications such as smart home, smart health, smart traffic management, smart agriculture, and smart city. This book covers the fundamental concept of the MEC and its real-time applications. The book content is organized into three parts: Part A covers the architecture and working model of MEC, Part B focuses on the systems, platforms, services and issues of MEC, and Part C emphases on various applications of MEC. This book is targeted for graduate students, researchers, developers, and service providers interested in learning about the state-of-the-art in MEC technologies, innovative applications, and future research directions.

As the world pivots towards a future defined by technological advancement, the pursuit of sustainable development faces intricate challenges that intertwine governance, management, and finance. The rapid growth of Industry and Society 5.0 necessitate innovative governance frameworks that can balance economic growth with environmental responsibility and social equity. Effective management strategies are crucial to integrating sustainable practices within both industry and society, ensuring that progress does not come at the expense of future generations. Sustainable Development in Industry and Society 5.0: Governance, Management, and Financial Implications offers an exploration of the multifaceted challenges and strategies for achieving sustainability in the era of advanced technological and societal transformation. This book delves into innovative governance frameworks that balance economic growth with environmental and social priorities. Covering topics such as financial literacy, policy and law, and sustainable investment, this book is a valuable resource for policymakers, academicians, researchers, government officials, business leaders, managers, financial analysts, technologists and innovators, post-graduate students, and educators.