In this collaborative report, CLEAR GLOBAL, HISA, JVDC, MCAN and Minority Rights Group International explore the comprehension of polio vaccination messages among IDPs in Mogadishu, Banadir District, southeastern Somalia who speak only or primarily Maay. Repeated cycles of conflict, famine and floods have seen large numbers of households move within Somalia. Thus, the need for inclusive health provision within IDP camps is of vital importance. The report is based on interviews conducted with 24 Maay speakers in three IDP camp locations using a range of tools including qualitative approaches such as comprehension testing. The results show that those who speak only or primarily Maay do not fully understand most of the health messages on polio and polio vaccination presented within current vaccination campaigns which use another dialect or language spoken in Somalia (Mahaatiri). Visual aids and images accompanied by Mahaatri text, which are used by health workers to explain polio to Maay speakers, are also not well understood. These findings show that for those who speak only Maay, the language of communication is a barrier, meaning that some do not sign up for vaccination outreach programmes, and that this contributes to the frustration of considerable efforts to reach 100% vaccination rates to eradicate polio in the area. Levels of trust in polio eradication campaigns within the IDP camps are low, these research findings show, not least because of a lack of representation of ethnicity within current visual aids, and given the absence of culturally and linguistically sensitive translation of polio eradication campaigns to Maay speaking populations. This report will be a vital resource to health workers, human rights activists, polio experts, researchers and United Nations health campaigns seeking to understand the need for intercultural health policies in Somalia, and the need to prioritise the demands of displaced minority groups. Access to health is being undermined as a result of assumptions made or beliefs held about the ability of Maay and Mahaatiri speakers to understand both languages which affects how information is disseminated, with detrimental impacts on the rates of vaccination. This report also concludes that unless health campaigns aimed at eradicating polio in Somalia address linguistic, ethnic and cultural specificity, and issues of marginalisation of minority groups is prioritised within polio campaigns at the level of recruitment of and training for workers and appropriate design of literature and visual aids, goals to reach 100% rate of vaccination among local populations in Banadir District will remain challenging.

The 2006 edition of UNICEF's annual report focuses on the millions of children who are most in need of access to essential education, health and protection services, but who are also the hardest to reach and often overlooked by current development programmes. These include children living in the poorest countries and most deprived communities within countries, children who face discrimination on the basis of gender, ethnicity or disability, children caught up in armed conflicts or affected by HIV/AIDS, children who lack a formal identity and who suffer from abuse and exploitation. The report examines the factors which result in their exclusion from current child development programmes and services, and highlights the policy options and actions required to address these challenges, in order to ensure all children benefit from the progress being made to achieve the Millennium Development Goals. Topics discussed include: income disparities and child survival, the marginalisation of Roma communities and their children, disability issues, children and HIV/AIDS, children living on the streets, early marriages, child labour, child protection and child rights.

Presents a global study on targeted political and military violence against education staff, students, teachers, union and government officials and institutions.

Exiled populations, who increasingly refer to themselves as diaspora communities, hold a strong stake in the fate of their countries of origin. In a world becoming ever more interconnected, they engage in 'long-distance politics' towards, send financial remittances to and support social development in their homelands. Transnational diaspora networks have thus become global forces shaping the relationship between countries, regions and continents. This important intervention, written by scholars working at the cutting edge of diaspora and conflict, challenges the conventional wisdom that diaspora are all too often warmongers, their time abroad causing them to become more militant in their engagement with local affairs. Rather, they can and should be a force for good in bringing peace to their home countries. Featuring in-depth case studies from the Horn of Africa, including Somalia and Ethiopia, this volume presents an essential rethinking of a key issue in African politics and development.

On 20 November 2009, the global community celebrates the 20th anniversary of the adoption by the United Nations General Assembly of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the unique document that sets international standards for the care, treatment and protection of all individuals below age 18. To celebrate this landmark, the United Nations Children's Fund is dedicating a special edition of its flagship report The State of the World's Children to examining the Convention's evolution, progress achieved on child rights, challenges remaining, and actions to be taken to ensure that its promise becomes a reality for all children.

Touching on a range of disease, from leishmaniasis, schistosomiasis, and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) to COVID-19, Preventing the Next Pandemic has always been a timely goal, but it will be even more important in a COVID and post-COVID world.

This guide provides everything needed for humanitarian agencies and practitioners who want to improve their accountability and quality systems and are aiming for HAP certification. It will also be useful to government departments and international bodies interested in accountability and good practice in the humanitarian sector.

World Health Statistics 2010 contains WHO's annual compilation of data from its 193 member states, and includes a summary of progress towards the health-related millennium development goals and targets. It provides a comprehensive summary of the current status of national health and health systems including; mortality and burden of disease, causes of death, reported infectious diseases, health service coverage, risk factors, health systems resources, health expenditures, inequities and demographic and socioeconomic statistics.