In Knowledge-Based Programming for Music Research, Schaffer and McGee explore expert systems for applications in artificial intelligence (AI). The text concerns (1) basic principles for knowledge-based programming, (2) concepts and strategies for programming these systems, (3) a "universal data" model for music analysis, and (4) examples that concern specific aspects of design and application. The authors also investigate Prolog (programming in logic), one of the most widely used computer languages for AI, and base some of their applications on the recent implication-based theories of Eugene Narmour. Of the applications for programming a knowledge-based system, music analysis has the most potential. Beyond identifying isolated elements, it is possible to create programs that extend to chord structures and other, more complex structures. This kind of programming allows the authors to embed the rules of composition in the application and then extend the analysis throughout the musical work. It also allows them to arrive at the underlying principles for a given composition. As a tool for music analysis, such programming has profound implications for further growth. The text is designed for musicians at various levels and could also be used in courses on computer-music programming. Parts of the book have been successfully used in courses on computer programming for music research, with which the authors have direct experience. The text includes extensive examples of code for use in individual Prolog applications and a comprehensive bibliography.

Drawing on the work of leading experts from around the globe, Musicology and Sister Disciplines provides the definitive, authoritative statement on the scope of musicology today and its relationship to other fields of academic endeavour, including philosophy and aesthetics, literary studies, art history, mathematics, computer science, historiography, and sociology. These groundbreaking papers represent the outcome of a major musicological conference in 1997, and include contributions from the philosopher Bernard Williams and world-famous mathematician Roger Penrose.

Pascal Programming for Music Research addresses those who wish to develop the programming skills necessary for doing computer-assisted music research, particularly in the fields of music theory and musicology. Many of the programming techniques are also applicable to computer assisted instruction (CAI), composition, and music synthesis. The programs and techniques can be implemented on personal computers or larger computer systems using standard Pascal compilers and will be valuable to anyone in the humanities creating data bases. Among its useful features are: -complete programs, from simple illustrations to substantial applications; -beginning programming through such advanced topics as linked data structures, recursive algorithms, DARMS translation, score processing; -bibliographic references at the end of each chapter to pertinent sources in music theory, computer science, and computer applications in music; -exercises which explore and extend topics discussed in the text; -appendices which include a DARMS translator and a library of procedures for building and manipulating a linked representation of scores; -most algorithms and techniques that are given in Pascal programming translate easily to other computer languages. Beginning, as well as advanced, programmers and anyone interested in programming music applications will find this book to be an invaluable resource.

The interplay between emotional and intellectual elements feature heavily in the research of a variety of scientific fields, including neuroscience, the cognitive sciences and artificial intelligence (AI). This collection of key introductory texts by top researchers worldwide is the first study which introduces the subject of artificial intelligence and music to beginners. Eduardo Reck Miranda received a Ph.D. in music and artificial intelligence from the University of Edinburgh, Scotland. He has published several research papers in major international journals and his compositions have been performed worldwide. Also includes 57 musical examples.

Artificial Life, or A-Life, aims at the study of all phenomena characteristic of natural living systems, through computational modeling, wetware-hardware hybrids, and other artificial media. Its scope ranges from the investigation of the emergence of cognitive processes in natural or artificial systems to the development of life or life-like properties from inorganic components. A number of musicians, in particular composers and musicologists, have started to turn to A-Life for inspiration and working methodology. This edited volume features thirteen chapters written by researchers and practitioners in this exciting emerging field of computer music, and includes a CD with various examples music related to A-Life.

xxii + 286 pp.Includes a Foreword by Ross Kirk

Today's computers provide music theorists with unprecedented opportunities to analyze music more quickly and accurately than ever before. Where analysis once required several weeks or even months to complete¿often replete with human errors, computers now provide the means to accomplish these same analyses in a fraction of the time and with far more accuracy. However, while such computer music analyses represent significant improvements in the field, computational analyses using traditional approaches by themselves do not constitute the true innovations in music theory that computers offer. In Hidden Structure: Music Analysis Using Computers David Cope introduces a series of analytical processes that¿by virtue of their concept and design¿can be better, and in some cases, only accomplished by computer programs, thereby presenting unique opportunities for music theorists to understand more thoroughly the various kinds of music they study.Following the introductory chapter that covers several important premises, Hidden Structure focuses on several unique approaches to music analysis offered by computer programs. While these unique approaches do not represent an all-encompassing and integrated global theory of music analysis, they do represent significantly more than a compilation of loosely related computer program descriptions. For example, Chapter 5 on function in post-tonal music, firmly depends on the scalar foundations presented in chapter 4. Likewise, chapter 7 presents a multi-tiered approach to musical analysis that builds on the material found in all of the preceding chapters. In short, Hidden Structure uniquely offers an integrated view of computer music analysis for today¿s musicians.

Accompanying CD-ROM contains complete code for all projects presented in the book. The Max/MSP externals are designed for use with Max 5.

In Fundamentals of Digital Audio, Alan P.Kafauver and David Patschke present a systematic overview of the elements for digital recording and reproducing sound. With Ideas grounded in the principles of acoustics, the authors exptore the essential issues involved in preserving, transferring, and modifying sound recordings in the digital domain. In addition to references on historic methods of sound reproduction, this book includes detailed information about the latest digital audio technology. Of special interest is the coverage of storage media and compression technologies. The authors detail a comprehensive introduction and evolution of data storage and media standards, including CD/DVD/Blu-ray/HD DVD, as well as fully (but plainly) detailing associated digital audio compression algorithms. They catalog in detail the processes involved in digitally editing recorded sound, presenting a step-by-step editing and mastering session. Fundamentals of Digital Audio is an essential textbook for anyone who wants to better understand or work with recorded sound using today's digital equipment. The book contains many diagrams and illustrations through which the authors share their expertise with the reader, Among the few books that treats this subject both comprehensively and understandably, the new edition of Fundamentals of Digital Audio should continue to be an indispensable text in this area.