As a Harvard alumnus, diplomat, U.S. President, member of Congress and attorney before the Supreme Court, John Quincy Adams had a unique relationship with slavery. Prickly and curmudgeonly, he danced with abolitionists, but never became one himself. However, Adams did harbor an intense hatred for the arguments of Southern slaveholders, and eventually found himself in the center of America's greatest struggle. Informed by Adams' revealing and often tormented musings from his vast diary, this sweeping narrative offers a unique and gripping account of John Quincy Adams' battle with slavery, while exploring the many fault lines in American society that led to the Civil War. Included are the dramatic showdowns in the House of Representatives and Supreme Court, as well as Adams' attempts at outsmarting Southern politicians and his efforts to keep slavery at the forefront of Congressional activities.

In the final years of his political career, President John Quincy Adams was well known for his objections to slavery, with rival Henry Wise going so far as to label him "the acutest, the astutest, the archest enemy of southern slavery that ever existed." As a young statesman, however, he supported slavery. How did the man who in 1795 told a British cabinet officer not to speak to him of "the Virginians, the Southern people, the democrats," whom he considered "in no other light than as Americans," come to foretell "a grand struggle between slavery and freedom"? How could a committed expansionist, who would rather abandon his party and lose his U.S. Senate seat than attack Jeffersonian slave power, later come to declare the Mexican War the "apoplexy of the Constitution," a hijacking of the republic by slaveholders? What changed? Entries from Adams's personal diary, more extensive than that of any American statesman, reveal a highly dynamic and accomplished politician in engagement with one of his generation's most challenging national dilemmas. Expertly edited by David Waldstreicher and Matthew Mason, John Quincy Adams and the Politics of Slavery offers an unusual perspective on the dramatic and shifting politics of slavery in the early republic, as it moved from the margins to the center of public life and from the shadows to the substance of Adams's politics. The editors provide a lucid introduction to the collection as a whole and frame the individual documents with brief and engaging insights, rendering both Adams's life and the controversies over slavery into a mutually illuminating narrative. By juxtaposing Adams's personal reflections on slavery with what he said-and did not say-publicly on the issue, the editors offer a nuanced portrait of how he interacted with prevailing ideologies during his consequential career and life. John Quincy Adams and the Politics of Slavery is an invaluable contribution to our understanding of the complicated politics of slavery that set the groundwork for the Civil War.

In the 1830s, slavery was so deeply entrenched that it could not be discussed in Congress, which had enacted a gag rule summarily rejecting all anti-slavery petitions delivered to it. This stirring work of history chronicles John Quincy Adams's nine-year battle to overturn that rule and make slavery subject to parliamentary debate--a battle that paved the way for the Civil War.

Every book has its preface--a book without a preface would be like a city without a directory, or an animal with only part of the organs necessary to its existence. To the friends of progress and elevation I propose to write a narrative of real life as a slave and as a citizen. Believing that every person, who regards those that are striving to educate themselves, will give this little book some encouragement when its author presents it to them, and believing that every gentleman and lady will do so, I feel satisfied to submit the following facts of my life when in slavery and now as a freeman.

John Quincy Adams was born in Frederick County, Virginia in 1845 to slave parents belonging to the prominent Calomese family. Adams and his twin brother were one of four sets born to their mother, who had twenty-five children. Adams' book Narrative of the Life of John Quincy Adams (1872) was published while he lived in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. Much of Adams' narrative contrasts slave and free life, using anecdotes and biblical principles to illustrate the differences. One memorable heartbreaking moment that Adams uses to highlight the evils of slavery occurred in 1857, when his twin brother and another sister were sold away from the family. Fortunately, the family was reunited with John's twin, Aaron, through correspondence, and they met again after the Civil War. Following his narrative, Adams includes excerpts from the United States Constitution, as well as letters of personal recommendation.

A lively narrative intended for history classrooms and anyone interested in abolitionism, slavery, Congress, and the coming of the Civil War, John Quincy Adams and the Gag Rule, 1835–1850, vividly portrays the importance of the political machinations and debates that colored the age.