Over the past decade network theory and methodologies have become central to exploring and explaining social, economic and political relationships and connections in past societies. However, as van Oyen (2017) has pointed out the use of networks has often been more descriptive than analytical, and methodologies have often depended upon underlying assumptions which inevitably simplify complex relationships of many kinds, and which may or may not be solidly supported by our generally fragmentary and heterogenous data and evidence. In ancient societies, we must infer the movement of knowledge of ‘how to make things’ largely from the objects themselves because we usually lack direct evidence of the human relationships which might have connected people to objects and their makers. The chapters in this volume aim to interrogate the interpretative potential of network concepts for understanding the movement over time and space of ideas about how to make things through a range of archaeological case studies which reveal both functional and dysfunctional relationships. The purpose is to consider how more broadly contextualized and multi-faceted studies can both enhance, and be enhanced by, network and related approaches. While there is much work on the use of formal, less formal and informal network theory, methodologies, including agent-based modelling, with the exception of Astrid van Oyen’s work, far less thought has been devoted to the complexity of understanding the wider contexts and the full range of diverse factors which shaped the relationships which constitute networks. The volume will make a significant contribution to understanding the movement and transmission of knowledge (or in some cases their absence), and to debates about how best to expand the utility of network concepts and approaches. This volume originated from an interdisciplinary Leverhulme Research Programme, ‘Tracing Networks: craft traditions in the ancient Mediterranean and beyond’. This volume consists of a coherent selection of the archaeological papers which focus specifically on the interrogation of network concepts for understanding and interpreting the ancient past.

Looks at the number one advancement currently emerging from 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project) in global wireless growth: the development of wireless applications based only on the Internet Protocol (IP) which drives the Web Focusing on the emerging all-IP core network and applications, this book covers 3G and shows how the all-IP core network can be developed and how applications can be created Contains review questions and their solutions at the end of each chapter, all of which have been tested, as well as models for implementation

In diesem Buch betrachten neun Autorinnen die Lernmethode DesignBuild im postkolonialen Kontext. Anhand konkreter Beispiele wird die handlungsorientierte Vorgehensweise kritisch hinterfragt und evaluiert. Dabei liegt ein Fokus auf den Auslandseinsätzen europäischer und US-amerikanischer Studierender, die in für sie fremden Kulturen ihr frisch erworbenes Wissen aktiv einsetzen. Es werden aber auch Projekte von Studierenden aus Lateinamerika, Asien und Afrika dokumentiert und analysiert, die diese Methode als Experimentierfeld nutzen, um normative Regeln, die häufig noch heute von der Kolonisierung geprägt sind, in Frage zu stellen.

The growth in the use of mobile networks has come mainly with the third generation systems and voice traffic. With the current third generation and the arrival of the 4G, the number of mobile users in the world will exceed the number of landlines users. Audio and video streaming have had a significant increase, parallel to the requirements of bandwidth and quality of service demanded by those applications. Mobile networks require that the applications and protocols that have worked successfully in fixed networks can be used with the same level of quality in mobile scenarios. Until the third generation of mobile networks, the need to ensure reliable handovers was still an important issue. On the eve of a new generation of access networks (4G) and increased connectivity between networks of different characteristics commonly called hybrid (satellite, ad-hoc, sensors, wired, WIMAX, LAN, etc.), it is necessary to transfer mechanisms of mobility to future generations of networks. In order to achieve this, it is essential to carry out a comprehensive evaluation of the performance of current protocols and the diverse topologies to suit the new mobility conditions.

&Quot;New technologies are re-writing the business cases and cost models upon which telephony has been based for years. The fast "always on" Broadband Internet is a key driver, pushing forward and enabling the delivery of multimedia applications in all types of networks.". "Service Providers want to reduce costs by converging new IP services, existing data services and traditional telephony services onto the same core network, placing expectations on network performance. Converged Multimedia Networks focuses on enabling the synergistic combination of voice, data and video on to one network and the new challenges this will present in telecommunications."--BOOK JACKET.

A professional engineer's guide to communications technology applications in electricity transmission and distribution.

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During Operation IRAQI FREEDOM I (OIF I), U.S. soldiers waged a desperate war against a growing insurgency. Mounting U.S. casualties became the catalyst for a hidden “war within the war.” Arrayed on one side of this secret conflict were leaders who believed that the “ends justify the means.” Opposing this camp were those who believed that U.S. soldiers do not torture because of the higher ideals to which all Americans should subscribe. This clandestine conflict was waged at every level of command, from the fields of Iraq to Washington, D.C. In this history, the adverse influence of the ends-justify-the-means camp in Iraq is charted. Conversely, interrogation operations within the largest division task force and brigade combat team of OIF I are explored to explain why most interrogators treated detainees humanely. Those deficiencies of Army doctrine, force structure, and training that enabled harsh interrogation policies to sometimes trump traditional virtues are explained. Lastly, the Army’s recent dramatic improvements with regard to interrogations are summarized and still-existing deficiencies are noted. This history concludes that the damage done by abusive interrogations will be felt for years to come—and that much work still needs to be done to ensure such damage never recurs.