Modern industry imposes ever increasing requirements upon tools and tool materials as to the provision for performance under the conditions of high cutting speeds and dynamic loads as well as under intensive thermal and chemical interactions with workpiece materials. The industry demands a higher productivity in combination with the accuracy of geometry and dimensions of workpieces and quality of working surfaces of the machined pieces. These requirements are best met by the tool superhard materials (diamond and diamond-like cubic boron nitride). Ceramics based on silicon carbide, aluminum and boron oxides as well as on titanium, silicon and aluminum nitrides offer promise as tool materials. Tungsten-containing cemented carbides are still considered as suitable tool materials. Hi- hardness and high strength composites based on the above materials fit all the requirements imposed by machining jobs when manufacturing elements of machinery, in particular those operating under the extreme conditions of high temperatures and loads. These elements are produced of difficult-- machine high-alloy steels, nickel refractory alloys, high-tech ceramics, materials with metallic and non-metallic coatings having improved wear resistance, as well as of special polymeric and glass-ceramic materials. Materials science at high pressure deals with the use of high-pressure techniques for the development and production of unique materials whose preparation at ambient pressure is impossible (e. g. , diamond, cubic boron nitride, etc. ) or of materials with properties exceeding those of materials produced at ambient pressure (e. g. , high-temperature superconductors).

Modern industry imposes ever increasing requirements upon tools and tool materials as to the provision for performance under the conditions of high cutting speeds and dynamic loads as well as under intensive thermal and chemical interactions with workpiece materials. The industry demands a higher productivity in combination with the accuracy of geometry and dimensions of workpieces and quality of working surfaces of the machined pieces. These requirements are best met by the tool superhard materials (diamond and diamond-like cubic boron nitride). Ceramics based on silicon carbide, aluminum and boron oxides as well as on titanium, silicon and aluminum nitrides offer promise as tool materials. Tungsten-containing cemented carbides are still considered as suitable tool materials. Hi- hardness and high strength composites based on the above materials fit all the requirements imposed by machining jobs when manufacturing elements of machinery, in particular those operating under the extreme conditions of high temperatures and loads. These elements are produced of difficult-- machine high-alloy steels, nickel refractory alloys, high-tech ceramics, materials with metallic and non-metallic coatings having improved wear resistance, as well as of special polymeric and glass-ceramic materials. Materials science at high pressure deals with the use of high-pressure techniques for the development and production of unique materials whose preparation at ambient pressure is impossible (e. g. , diamond, cubic boron nitride, etc. ) or of materials with properties exceeding those of materials produced at ambient pressure (e. g. , high-temperature superconductors).

The phenomenon of superconductivity in materials offers great opportunities for fundamental and applied sciences. Application of superconducting material in measuring devices, medical diagnostics, in space and energy industries and transport, is only a short list of possible use of the phenomenon of superconductivity in everyday human activity. The special collection “Superconductors and Superconductivity” consists of papers published by Trans Tech Publications Inc. from 2010 up to 2015 and covers a wide range of advanced achievements in the field of applied research and applied application of superconductors in different branches of engineering. Compiled scientific papers are presented in two chapters: Chapter 1: Superconductors: Properties and Production Technologies Chapter 2: Practice of Using Superconductors and Superconductivity

Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters CPCI-S (WoS). This volume contains the Proceedings (64 selected refereed papers) of the 6th Japanese-Mediterranean Workshop on Applied Electromagnetic Engineering for Magnetic Superconducting and Nanomaterials (JAPMED’6), organized in Bucharest, Romania, during July 27-29th 2009. This Workshop represented a landmark in the development of materials, manufacturing and electrical engineering; providing a forum for specialists from the universities, research centers and industries of many countries to establish links, share knowledge and experience and encourage cross-fertilization of new ideas and developments in design, analysis, novel-material utilization and optimisation techniques in the areas of applied electromagnetics. Also covered was the manufacturing of advanced materials from the macro-, to the nano-scale and their industrial application in modern technologies involving nanotechnology, electricity/electronics, superconductivity, electromagnetic engineering, transportation, bioengineering, energy and the environment.

PerspectivesIntroductionNanoscience and Nanotechnology-The DistinctionHistorical PerspectivesAdvanced MaterialsTools of NanoNature's Take on Nano and the Advent of Molecular BiologyThe Nano PerspectiveSocietal Implications of NanoIntroduction to Societal IssuesEthical ImplicationsLegal ImplicationsEnvironmental ImplicationsPublic PerceptionFuture of Nanotechnology NanotoolsCharacterization MethodsCharacterization of NanomaterialsElectron Probe MethodsScanning Probe Microscopy MethodsSpectroscopic MethodsNonradiative and Nonelectron Characterization MethodsFabrication MethodsFabrication of Nano.

Tomorrow’s nanoscientist will have a truly interdisciplinary and nano-centric education, rather than, for example, a degree in chemistry with a specialization in nanoscience. For this to happen, the field needs a truly focused and dedicated textbook. This full-color masterwork is such a textbook. It introduces the nanoscale along with the societal impacts of nanoscience, then presents an overview of characterization and fabrication methods. The authors systematically discuss the chemistry, physics, and biology aspects of nanoscience, providing a complete picture of the challenges, opportunities, and inspirations posed by each facet before giving a brief glimpse at nanoscience in action: nanotechnology. This book is written to provide a companion volume to Fundamentals of Nanotechnology. The two companion volumes are also available bound together in the single volume, Introduction to Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Qualifying instructors who purchase either of these volumes (or the combined set) are given online access to a wealth of instructional materials. These include detailed lecture notes, review summaries, slides, exercises, and more. The authors provide enough material for both one- and two-semester courses.

This book offers a comprehensive exploration of " Smart Materials and Manufacturing Technologies for Sustainable Development “delves into the dynamic intersection of innovative materials, intelligent manufacturing, and sustainable practices, presenting a vital resource for researchers, engineers, and professionals seeking to shape a greener and more advanced future. Covering a wide range of topics, the book delves into the latest advancements in materials processing, with a particular focus on cutting-edge technologies such as advanced manufacturing, nanotechnology, and materials. The book addresses the pressing need for sustainable manufacturing practices, unveiling eco-friendly approaches that reduce environmental impact without compromising performance. Chapters dedicated to artificial intelligence and machine learning illuminate how these game-changing technologies facilitate manufacturing, materials characterization, and process optimization. By integrating IoT, Industry 4.0, robotics, and automation, this book highlights the growing synergy between intelligent manufacturing and sustainable materials, paving the way for increased efficiency and productivity. It examines the importance of advanced materials characterization techniques, empowering researchers to gain deeper insights into materials' properties, behaviour, and potential applications. With its multidisciplinary approach, this book appeals to a diverse audience, including materials scientists, manufacturing engineers, environmentalists, policymakers, and students eager to contribute to a more sustainable and technologically advanced society.