Presenting an analysis of basic information contained in the official Indonesian census conducted in the year 2000, this book focuses on Indonesian ethnicity and religion and their relevance to the study of politics.

The first comprehensive demographic study of Indonesia, this book makes an important contribution to the understanding of the political and economic problems - both past and present - of the world's fourth most populous country. It demonstrates that the period 1970 to 1980 will be particularly crucial for Indonesia and will require careful social and economic planning. The author, who is acknowledged to be Indonesia's foremost economist demographer, amasses and corrects population estimates made during the era of Dutch rule, including material from as early as 1775. He discusses the census of 1930 and the impact of events of the 1940's - World War II, the Japanese occupation, and the Indonesian revolution - on population trends. He points out, for example, that low birth and high mortality rates during the subsequent period, suggest that the mean age of Indonesia's working age population is undergoing a radical rejuvenation. Using the census of 1961 as a base, Mr. Widjojo projects Indonesia's population to 1991, forecasting the probable growth rates of the total population and of its various components. He shows how the population breaks down into extremely uneven age groups and suggests the serious consequences of this situation. He emphasizes that the dramatic increases in the number of 15-to-24-year-olds that occurred in the population during the second half of the 1960's and that are projected for the 1970's make careful preparation for the future imperative if crises in the labor market and in the field of education are to be dealt with successfully. Population Trends in Indonesia, now brought back to life as a member of Equinox Publishing's Classic Indonesia series, serves as a model for future research and proves invaluable to economic and social planners working throughout the developing world. Widjojo Nitisastro, former Dean of the Faculty of Economics at the University of Indonesia, was Chairman of President Suharto's Economic Team and of the National Development Planning Agency. A graduate of the University of Indonesia, Professor Widjojo received a Ph.D. degree in Economics from the University of California at Berkeley.

Indonesia, the largest country in Southeast Asia, has as its national motto “Unity in Diversity.” In 2010, Indonesia stood as the world’s fourth most populous country after China, India and the United States, with 237.6 million people. This archipelagic country contributed 3.5 per cent to the world’s population in the same year. The country’s demographic and political transitions have resulted in an emerging need to better understand the ethnic composition of Indonesia. This book aims to contribute to that need. It is a demographic study on ethnicity, mostly relying on the tabulation provided by the BPS (Badan Pusat Statistik; Statistics-Indonesia) based on the complete data set of the 2010 population census. The information on ethnicity was collected for 236,728,379 individuals, a huge data set. The book has four objectives: To produce a new comprehensive classification of ethnic groups to better capture the rich diversity of ethnicity in Indonesia; to report on the ethnic composition in Indonesia and in each of the thirty three provinces using the new classification; to evaluate the dynamics of the fifteen largest ethnic groups in Indonesia during 2000–2010; and to examine the religions and languages of each of the fifteen largest ethnic groups.

Since its inception in 1945, the Republic of Indonesia has experienced a series of profound social changes. The spread of schooling, the transformation of the economy, and the consolidation of a unified state have transformed the lives of Indonesian citizens. It is seldom recognized, however, that the most fundamental changes have occurred in the family sphere. Marriages that used to be arranged by parents are now more likely to be determined by couples. Unions occur when the couples are much older. The adoption of birth control practices has reduced fertility from large families to a two-child norm in just over thirty years. These changes have molded the lives of individual women, described here through a series of personal case studies, and shaped the size and structure of the national population, as seen in the statistics produced by the government on a regular basis. The story that emerges gives strong hints about where the Indonesian population will be heading in the next fifty years with a growing proportion of aged citizens. Most importantly People, Population, and Policy in Indonesia shows the importance of collaborations between Indonesian leaders and their foreign colleagues in the efforts to reshape the Indonesian population and improve its social and economic welfare.

Indonesia has been remarkably successful in achieving its development objectives over the past 25 years. Although it is still a low-income country, its tradition of sound economic management has laid the foundations for continued progress in the decades ahead. As the Indonesian government formulates its second long-term development plan, issues of environmental quality and sustainability raise new concerns. This report examines environmental issues, assesses their implications for the achievement of development goals, and suggests an action plan that would help to ensure that those goals will be met. The analysis of current environmental conditions and trends and of the likely impact of future growth leads to three main conclusions: - Future growth will depend increasingly on Indonesia's stock of key natural resources and the sustainability of critical ecosystems. -The industrial sector will continue to expand in urban areas, where growing congestion and industrial pollution pose an immediate threat to health and human welfare. This will eventually lead to negative effects on the economy. -As a result of rapid growth, environment- related issues of equity among the population will become increasingly important.

Essay Collection Advancing Future Generations-Population Issues in Indonesia and Korea It is with great pride that I introduce the Essay Collection ‘Advancing Future Generations: Population Issues in Indonesia and Korea’, a product of the World Population Day Conference hosted by the Korea-Indonesia Connection (KIC) FISIP UI on 16–17 July 2024. This collection of 23 essays offers valuable insights into the pressing population challenges faced by both Indonesia and Korea, refl ecting the collaborative efforts of scholars and experts dedicated to shaping a better future. Social scientists, in particular, can study population issues in Indonesia and Korea by examining various demographic factors such as birth rates, migration patterns, and aging populations. Research in Korea may concentrate on issues associated with an aging population and declining birth rates, whereas research in Indonesia may concentrate on urbanization and regional disparities. By contrasting these cases, we can gain understanding of how cultural and policy issues infl uence population patterns and the wider effects they have on society. This book is an important outcome of the cooperation between the Korea Foundation and FISIP UI. I am confi dent that this book will serve as an important resource for academics, policymakers, and the broader community, inspiring continued dialogue and action on these vital issues.

The Republic of Indonesia, home to over 240 million people, is the world's fourth most populous nation. Ethnically, culturally, and economically diverse, the Indonesian people are broadly dispersed across an archipelago of more than 13,000 islands. Rapid urbanization has given rise to one megacity (Jakarta) and to 10 other major metropolitan areas. And yet about half of Indonesians make their homes in rural areas of the country. Indonesia, a signatory to the United Nations Millennium Declaration, has committed to achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). However, recent estimates suggest that Indonesia will not achieve by the target date of 2015 MDG 4 - reduction by two-thirds of the 1990 under - 5 infant mortality rate (number of children under age 5 who die per 1,000 live births) - and MDG 5 - reduction by three-quarters of the 1990 maternal mortality ratio (number of maternal deaths within 28 days of childbirth in a given year per 100,000 live births). Although much has been achieved, complex and indeed difficult challenges will have to be overcome before maternal and infant mortality are brought into the MDG-prescribed range. Reducing Maternal and Neonatal Mortality in Indonesia is a joint study by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and the Indonesian Academy of Sciences that evaluates the quality and consistency of the existing data on maternal and neonatal mortality; devises a strategy to achieve the Millennium Development Goals related to maternal mortality, fetal mortality (stillbirths), and neonatal mortality; and identifies the highest priority interventions and proposes steps toward development of an effective implementation plan. According to the UN Human Development Index (HDI), in 2012 Indonesia ranked 121st out of 185 countries in human development. However, over the last 20 years the rate of improvement in Indonesia\'s HDI ranking has exceeded the world average. This progress may be attributable in part to the fact that Indonesia has put considerable effort into meeting the MDGs. This report is intended to be a contribution toward achieving the Millennium Development Goals.

In Indonesia's plural society, ethnicity and religion are considered as independent variables to explain electoral behaviour. Many writers use qualitative methods to relate political party performance in terms of ethnicity and religion. This book questions these assumptions by looking at data on the 1999 election and the 2000 population census.